一、用完整的句子回答下列问题。
1. —Did you feel sad when bad things happened?
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2. —Was the farmer wise?
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3. —Would you like to go with me?
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4. —How do you go to school every morning?
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5. —Do you know the story of Tom Sawyer?
—

1. Yes, I felt very sad when bad things happened.
2. Yes, the farmer was very wise.
3. Sure, I'd love to go with you.
4. I go to school by bike every morning.
5. Yes, I know the story of Tom Sawyer very well.

【分析】本题为英语情景交际类题目，要求用完整句子回答不同类型的问句。解题思路为：先判断每个问句的类型（一般过去时一般疑问句、邀请类交际用语、方式类特殊疑问句等），再根据对应问句的答语规则，结合时态、人称的一致性，给出符合语境的完整答句，确保表达准确、语法正确。
【解析】1. 问句是一般过去时的一般疑问句（助动词Did开头），答语需以Yes/No开头，将主语you对应改为I，时态保持一般过去时，完整回答；2. 问句是一般过去时的一般疑问句（be动词Was开头），答语以Yes/No开头，主语为the farmer，时态一致，完整回应；3. 问句为邀请类交际用语（Would you like...），常用Sure或I'd love to回应，补充完整内容；4. 问句是方式类特殊疑问句（How开头），需回答交通方式，采用“by+交通工具”结构，结合时间状语every morning完整作答；5. 问句是一般现在时的一般疑问句（助动词Do开头），答语以Yes/No开头，将主语you对应改为I，时态保持一般现在时，完整回答。
【答案】1. Yes, I felt very sad when bad things happened.
2. Yes, the farmer was very wise.
3. Sure, I'd love to go with you.
4. I go to school by bike every morning.
5. Yes, I know the story of Tom Sawyer very well.
【知识点】情景交际用语、一般疑问句答语、特殊疑问句答语
【点评】本题考查基础英语日常交际应答能力，属于英语学习中的基础应用题型，需学生掌握不同类型问句的答语规则，注重日常用语的积累与规范表达。
【难度系数】0.8

二、英汉互译。
1. 那只狗咬破了这个箱子。

2. 约翰答应帮助我学弹吉他。

3. 多么有趣的故事啊！

4. 看！我弟弟什么也没有穿。

5. 我今天早上对我父母撒谎了。

6. That farmer's son has to join the war.

7. Why do you think the little boy laughed?

8. Don't you want to read the book by yourself?

9. They asked the king not to kill them.

10. Look! They are painting the horse red.

1. That dog bit through this box.
2. John promised to help me learn to play the guitar.
3. What funny/interesting stories!
4. Look! My little brother has nothing/no clothes on.
5. I lied to my parents this morning.
6. 那个农夫的儿子不得不上战场。
7. 你为什么认为那个小男孩笑了？
8. 你不想自己读一下这本书吗？
9. 他们请求国王别杀他们。
10. 看！他们正在把那匹马涂成红色。

【分析】
做英汉互译题时，需先明确句子核心词汇、固定搭配及时态，再调整句式符合目标语言表达习惯：1. 先确定动作对应的英文短语（如“咬破”用bite through，注意时态变化）；2. 牢记固定搭配（如promise to do、lie to sb、ask sb not to do）；3. 掌握感叹句、疑问句等特殊句式的结构；4. 注意时态（如一般过去式、现在进行式）的正确运用，确保翻译准确自然。
【解析】
1. “那只狗”对应That dog，“咬破”是bite through（过去式为bit），“这个箱子”是this box，组合得That dog bit through this box；
2. “约翰”是John，“答应做某事”是promise to do（过去式为promised），“帮助我学弹吉他”是help me learn to play the guitar，组合得John promised to help me learn to play the guitar；
3. 感叹句用What+形容词+可数名词复数结构，“有趣的”是funny/interesting，“故事”是stories，组合得What funny/interesting stories!；
4. “看”是Look!，“我弟弟”是my little brother，“什么也没有穿”是have nothing/no clothes on（主语为第三人称单数，用has），组合得Look! My little brother has nothing/no clothes on；
5. “我今天早上”是I this morning，“对我父母撒谎”是lie to my parents（过去式为lied），组合得I lied to my parents this morning；
6. “That farmer's son”译为“那个农夫的儿子”，“has to”译为“不得不”，“join the war”译为“上战场”，组合得那个农夫的儿子不得不上战场；
7. “Why”译为“为什么”，“do you think”译为“你认为”，“the little boy laughed”译为“那个小男孩笑了”，组合得你为什么认为那个小男孩笑了？；
8. “Don't you want to”译为“你不想”，“read the book”译为“读这本书”，“by yourself”译为“自己”，组合得你不想自己读一下这本书吗？；
9. “They”译为“他们”，“asked”译为“请求”，“the king”译为“国王”，“not to kill them”译为“别杀他们”，组合得他们请求国王别杀他们；
10. “Look!”译为“看！”，“They are painting”译为“正在涂”，“the horse”译为“那匹马”，“red”译为“成红色”，组合得看！他们正在把那匹马涂成红色。
【答案】
1. That dog bit through this box.
2. John promised to help me learn to play the guitar.
3. What funny/interesting stories!
4. Look! My little brother has nothing/no clothes on.
5. I lied to my parents this morning.
6. 那个农夫的儿子不得不上战场。
7. 你为什么认为那个小男孩笑了？
8. 你不想自己读一下这本书吗？
9. 他们请求国王别杀他们。
10. 看！他们正在把那匹马涂成红色。
【知识点】
英汉互译、固定短语搭配、感叹句结构
【点评】
本题为英语基础英汉互译题，考察核心词汇、常用固定搭配及基本句式的运用，是英语学习的基础题型，需学生掌握常用表达和时态规则。
【难度系数】
0.7

一、语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long long ago, a king loved flowers. He had beautiful orchids(兰花) and other flowers in his palace. As the king got older, he 1. (know) that one day he would have to leave his throne(王位). So he had to find one to be the new king for the country.
One day, the king had an idea. He asked his 2. (man) to travel to every part of the country and give each man an orchid seed(种子) and told them that who got the most beautiful orchid from the seed would take his throne. Everyone in the country got 3. (they) own seed. One young man named David was very excited about that, because he was experienced in growing flowers 4. (he).
David 5. (plant) his seed in a pot(盆) in the garden. It could get lots of sunlight there. He watered the seed 6. (careful) every day. He looked after the seed very 7. (good). Day by day, he watered and fed it hard again and again. But his flower just would not grow.
Finally, it was time for everyone to give their flowers to the king. David took his pot to the king. “Your Majesty(陛下), I am sorry I could not grow an orchid. But I hope you can see I 8. (try) my best,” he said.
But to his surprise, the king was very happy when he heard what David said. “There can’t be 9. (some) flowers from the seeds I gave. Only you tell the 10. (true)! You are an honest(诚实的) man,” the king said.
David was the new king at last.

1. knew 2. men 3. their 4. himself 5. planted 6. carefully 7. well 8. tried 9. any 10. truth

【分析】本题为语法填空题，需结合上下文语境、时态规则、词性变化及固定搭配填写每个空。解题时先通读全文理解故事大意，再逐个分析空格的语法要求：1. 结合过去时态填动词过去式；2. 名词复数变形；3. 形容词性物主代词修饰名词；4. 反身代词强调主语自身；5. 一般过去时动词变形；6. 副词修饰动词；7. 副词修饰动词短语；8. 过去时态动词变形；9. 否定句中some变any；10. 固定搭配需用名词形式。
【解析】1. 前文“got older”为过去式，此处用一般过去时，故填knew；2. 指“他的手下们”，man的复数为men；3. 修饰名词短语“own seed”需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their；4. 主语是he，强调“他自己”，用反身代词himself；5. 描述过去动作，用一般过去时，plant的过去式为planted；6. 修饰动词water需用副词，careful的副词是carefully；7. 修饰动词短语“looked after”需用副词，good的副词是well；8. 描述过去动作，用一般过去时，try的过去式为tried；9. 否定句中some需变为any；10. 固定搭配“tell the truth”（说实话），此处用名词truth。
【答案】knew, men, their, himself, planted, carefully, well, tried, any, truth
【知识点】一般过去时、代词的用法、副词的用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础语法，涵盖时态、代词、副词及固定搭配，需结合语境和语法规则解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6