Ⅰ. 根据所给提示用单词的适当形式填空
1. Changsha is a （生机勃勃的）city.
2. The farm sells （吨）of vegetables each month.
3. My best friend hardly ever tells lies （除了）some white ones.
4. Many visitors spend their winter in Guangzhou because of its warm （气候）.
5. We felt （disappoint）because our team lost the football game.
6. Nanorobots(纳米机器人) are （tiny）than blood cells, which allows them to pass into the smallest capillaries(毛细血管).
7. There are seven continents and four （ocean）in the world.
8. Being kind to others in daily life can make them happy, and at the same time it will bring （happy）to ourselves.

1. lively 2. tons 3. except 4. climate
5. disappointed 6. tinier 7. oceans
8. happiness

【分析】
本题为英语单词适当形式填空题，需结合词性、固定搭配、语法规则（如比较级、名词复数）及词义确定单词的正确形式：1. 空格修饰名词city，需用形容词对应“生机勃勃的”；2. 固定短语表“大量”需用名词复数；3. 表“除了（不包含）”用对应介词；4. 形容词后接名词对应“气候”；5. 系动词后接修饰人的形容词；6. 由than需用形容词比较级；7. 数词后接名词复数；8. 动词后接名词对应happy的名词形式。
【解析】
1. 空格处需形容词修饰名词city，“生机勃勃的”对应lively，故填lively。
2. 固定搭配tons of表示“许多、大量”，此处用ton的复数形式，故填tons。
3. 此处表“除了（不包含在内）”，介词except符合语境，故填except。
4. 形容词warm后需接名词，“气候”对应climate，故填climate。
5. felt为系动词，后接形容词，主语是人，修饰人的“失望的”用disappointed，故填disappointed。
6. 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级，tiny的比较级为tinier，故填tinier。
7. 数词four后接可数名词复数，ocean的复数形式为oceans，故填oceans。
8. 动词bring后需接名词作宾语，happy的名词形式为happiness，故填happiness。
【答案】
1. lively 2. tons 3. except 4. climate 5. disappointed 6. tinier 7. oceans 8. happiness
【知识点】
形容词的运用、名词的适当形式、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用，涵盖词性转换、固定搭配、语法规则等考点，侧重基础词汇掌握，是常见基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 二十四节气在中国文化中起重要作用。
The 24 solar terms Chinese culture.
2. 这个有趣的部分才持续了半个小时。时间真短啊！
This interesting part only half an hour. it was!
3. 有了电灯，人们可以在夜里做和白天一样多的事情。
With light bulbs, people can do in the evenings they can in the daytime.

1. play an important part / role in
2. lasted for; How short
3. as many things; as

【分析】
本题为英语完成句子题，需结合中文语义、英文语法规则及固定搭配补全句子。解题思路：1. 第1题对应固定短语表达“起重要作用”；2. 第2题需结合时态和感叹句结构填空；3. 第3题运用同级比较结构表达“和…一样多”。
【解析】
1. 第1题：考查固定短语“play an important part/role in”，意为“在…中起重要作用”，主语为复数，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填该短语。
2. 第2题：第一空，“持续（一段时间）”用“last for + 时间段”，句子描述过去动作，用一般过去式lasted for；第二空，感叹句中心词为形容词short，符合“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”结构，故填How short。
3. 第3题：考查同级比较结构“as + 形容词 + 名词 + as”，修饰可数名词复数things，意为“和…一样多的事物”，故填对应内容。
【答案】
1. play an important part / role in
2. lasted for; How short
3. as many things; as
【知识点】
固定搭配、一般过去时、感叹句、同级比较结构
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，涵盖核心短语、时态、感叹句及比较结构，侧重考查学生对基础英语知识的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅲ. 读写综合
A. 回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。
Goshawks(苍鹰) are one of the UK's most difficult-to-see birds. However, we are glad to see many goshawks again. They returned to the New Forest in the south of England.
We almost lost these birds in the UK because people cut down too many trees. Forests were home to goshawks, but farmers cut down trees for farming.
In 2002, a pair of goshawks made their nest(巢) in the New Forest for the first time in more than 120 years. Since then, a team of scientists has been closely watching the goshawks. The team looks after around 1,500 forests and woodlands. The team says that the New Forest is now a good place for goshawks to live. Last year, they found 45 goshawk pairs. Scientists used a camera to watch one pair that had three chicks(雏鸟). They watched how the father bird kept his chicks from the hot sun—using his big wings to keep them away from the sun. The goshawk is at the top of the food chain(食物链). Usually, other animals don't attack them. Because of this, these birds tell us a lot about whether the forest ecosystem is healthy.
1. Where is the New Forest?

2. Why did goshawks nearly disappear from the UK?

3. When did a pair of goshawks make their nest in the New Forest for the first time in more than 120 years?

4. How many forests and woodlands does the team look after?

5. What can these goshawks tell us about?

1. It / The New Forest is in the south of England. / In the south of England.
2. Because people cut down too many trees and their forest habitats were destroyed.
3. In 2002.
4. It / The team looks after around 1,500 forests and woodlands. / Around 1,500.
5. They / These goshawks can tell us whether the forest ecosystem is healthy.

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的细节回答问题，解题思路：1. 先通读5个问题，明确每个问题的核心信息；2. 带着问题回到原文中定位对应的关键句子，找到答案的出处；3. 提取原文中的关键信息，整理成语法正确、信息完整且切题的答案，避免遗漏或添加无关内容。
【解析】1. 定位原文第一段最后一句“They returned to the New Forest in the south of England.”，可知新森林的位置；2. 定位原文第二段“We almost lost these birds in the UK because people cut down too many trees. Forests were home to goshawks, but farmers cut down trees for farming.”，整理得出苍鹰几乎消失的原因；3. 定位原文第三段第一句“In 2002, a pair of goshawks made their nest in the New Forest for the first time in more than 120 years.”，得出筑巢的时间；4. 定位原文第三段“The team looks after around 1,500 forests and woodlands.”，得出团队照料的林地数量；5. 定位原文第三段最后一句“Because of this, these birds tell us a lot about whether the forest ecosystem is healthy.”，得出苍鹰能反映的内容。
【答案】1. It / The New Forest is in the south of England. / In the south of England.
2. Because people cut down too many trees and their forest habitats were destroyed.
3. In 2002.
4. It / The team looks after around 1,500 forests and woodlands. / Around 1,500.
5. They / These goshawks can tell us whether the forest ecosystem is healthy.
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解）
【点评】本题为细节类阅读答题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，答案需严格依据原文，符合语法要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8