三、根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。
11.你最好带上一件外套，以防今晚天气变冷。
You'd better take a coat with you the weather turns cold this evening.
12.人类于1969年首次登上月球。
Human beings first the moon in 1969.
13.这是我第一次离开我的国家，踏上异国的土地。
This is the first time I have left my country and foreign soil.
14.自从上个月看了一部关于宇宙的纪录片后，这个小男孩就一直对星星的起源感到好奇。
The little boy the origin of stars he watched a documentary about the universe last month.
15.老师叮嘱我们必须与队友们合作才能更高效地完成任务。
The teacher tells us that we have to our teammates to finish the task more efficiently.

11. in case 12. landed on 13. set foot on 14. was curious about；ever since
15. cooperate with

【分析】
11题：根据汉语“以防”，需填入表目的的固定短语，对应英语固定表达in case；
12题：时间状语为1969年（过去时间），“登上（月球）”的固定表达为land on，需用一般过去式；
13题：“踏上（异国土地）”的固定短语为set foot on，现在完成时中and连接并列成分，set的过去分词不变；
14题：“对…好奇”是固定短语be curious about，ever since表“自从”，引导从句用一般过去时；
15题：“与…合作”的固定短语为cooperate with，have to后接动词原形。
【解析】
11题：“以防”对应的英语固定短语为in case，符合语境，故填in case；
12题：由时间状语in 1969可知用一般过去时，“登上（星球）”用land on，其过去式为landed on，故填landed on；
13题：“踏上（土地）”的固定短语为set foot on，现在完成时中and连接并列的过去分词，set的过去分词仍为set，故填set foot on；
14题：“对…好奇”是固定短语be curious about，ever since引导时间状语从句，此处主句用一般过去时，故填was curious about；ever since；
15题：“与…合作”的固定短语为cooperate with，have to后接动词原形，故填cooperate with；
【答案】
11. in case 12. landed on 13. set foot on 14. was curious about；ever since 15. cooperate with
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，动词时态
【点评】
本题为根据汉语完成句子的基础题型，主要考查常用英语固定短语的识记和动词时态的正确运用，要求学生熟练掌握常见短语及不同时间状语对应的时态规则，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
Have you ever looked up at the stars and dreamed of travelling through space in a spaceship? But becoming an astronaut is far more than just having a dream.
Can anyone be an astronaut?
Of course not. You don't have to have a science degree, but most astronauts do. Most of them are pilots too. 1. You need to be easy-going, patient and helpful to spend so much time in a small
space with other people.
2.
People have to train for years to learn how to stay healthy and safe. They practise space walking and living in zero gravity(重力). 3. Everyday tasks like eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult in a spaceship. There is no running water, so they have to wash with wet tissues(湿巾). It's hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat. And to sleep, they must cover their eyes because the sun rises
every 90 minutes on the International Space Station.
What health problems do astronauts have?
Living in a zero gravity environment causes changes to our bodies. 4. ______ Astronauts often get backaches because they grow in space—up to 8 centimetres! It's also common to have headaches and to feel sick, especially at the beginning.
Are you still interested?
So now you know: 5.
A. What's the training like?
B. Life in a spaceship is hard, so you must have a healthy body and mind.
C. Bones and muscles become thin and weak, so you must do a lot of exercise in space.
D. They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve problems and to work in a team.
E. If you still want to go to space, study hard, learn to fly and take care of your body and mind.

1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. E

【分析】这是一道英语七选五短文填空题，解题思路为：先通读全文，明确各段落主旨；再逐一分析每个空白处的前后语境，结合选项内容的逻辑关系（如衔接、主题对应），匹配最恰当的选项。
【解析】1. 空白处前介绍成为宇航员的基本条件，后强调性格要求，B选项提到宇宙飞船生活艰难，需身心健康，衔接前后内容，故1选B；2. 该空为段落小标题，后文围绕宇航员的训练展开，A选项“训练是什么样的”契合段落主题，故2选A；3. 前文讲宇航员的训练内容，后文讲太空日常任务的困难，D选项说明训练的目的（解决问题、团队合作），衔接训练与太空生活，故3选D；4. 前文讲零重力对身体的影响，后文提及背痛，C选项说明骨骼肌肉的变化，衔接身体问题，故4选C；5. 前文问“你还感兴趣吗”，E选项给出对应建议，总结全文，故5选E。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.E
【知识点】英语阅读理解（七选五）、语篇逻辑理解
【点评】本题考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑的把握能力，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中，需结合语境和主题匹配选项。
【难度系数】0.5