五、阅读理解
①Dragons exist in both the Eastern and Western world. Some people say that there used to be real dragons, but most agree that they were imaginary creatures.
②Chinese dragons, which appeared eight thousand years ago, are usually considered to be kind. People say that they bring strength, peace, good luck, and health. In ancient China, the dragon was a symbol of the Chinese emperors. Some Chinese people believe that dragons live under water most of the time. Unlike European dragons, they do not have wings and fly using magic. The Chinese dragon, sometimes called the Eastern dragon, looks like a long snake with four or five claws. Its appearance has kept changing with time and it's hard to find a creature in real life that looks exactly the same as the dragon. In the Chinese zodiac, people born in the "Year of the Dragon" are said to be lucky, brave, healthy, energetic and excitable. The Dragon person can make great achievements in life if he or she knows how to make the best use of his or her huge energy, intelligence and talent.
③In Europe, dragons are usually seen as terrible and unkind winged creatures which are different from those in China. Western dragons tend to have many heads, fire-breathing, and are known to eat humans. Many European stories have brave knights fighting terrible dragons. Some European dragons are also described as strong and smart creatures. Any knight who killed a dragon was able to get not only its treasure but also its wisdom.
④Although there are differences between Chinese dragons and Western ones, the dragon is undoubtedly a beloved existence(存在) in many tales across the world.
()1. What can we know about the Chinese dragon according to the passage?
A. It has no wings.
B. It has many heads.
C. It lives above water.
D. It flies without magic.
()2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Most Europeans are afraid of the terrible dragons.
B. People born in the Dragon Year must be successful.
C. European knights can easily kill dragons for wealth.
D. Chinese ancient emperors are real dragons without magic.
()3. Which of the following is the correct structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③/④
B. ①/②/③④
C. ①/②③④
D. ①②③/④
()4. What's the best title of the passage?
A. The History of Dragons
B. The Culture of Dragons
C. The Symbols of Dragons
D. The Changes of Dragons

1. A 2. A 3. A 4. B

【分析】
本题为关于东西方龙文化的阅读理解，涵盖细节查找、推理判断、文章结构分析、主旨归纳四类题型。解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中关于中国龙特征的描述，逐一匹配选项；
2. 第2题是推理判断题，需基于原文信息合理推断，排除绝对化、与原文不符的选项；
3. 第3题是文章结构题，需分析各段落的核心作用，梳理段落间的逻辑关系；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需概括全文核心内容，排除仅涉及局部内容的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段“Unlike European dragons, they do not have wings and fly using magic.”，可知中国龙没有翅膀，对应选项A；B选项“有多个头”是西方龙特征，C选项“生活在水上”与原文“dragons live under water most of the time”不符，D选项“不用魔法飞”与原文矛盾，故答案为A。
2. 推理判断题：A选项，原文第三段提到欧洲龙是“terrible and unkind”，可推断欧洲人害怕这类龙，符合逻辑；B选项“must be successful”与原文“can make great achievements”（表可能性）不符，过于绝对；C选项“easily kill dragons”原文未提及；D选项“real dragons”与原文“symbol of the Chinese emperors”不符，故答案为A。
3. 文章结构题：第①段总起说明东西方龙都存在；第②段介绍中国龙文化；第③段介绍西方龙文化；第④段总结龙在世界故事中的地位。结构为①/②③/④，故答案为A。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕东西方龙的文化展开，A选项“历史”未提及，C选项“符号”仅为中国龙的部分特征，D选项“变化”仅为中国龙外观的细节，B选项“龙的文化”概括全文核心，故答案为B。
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.A 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、阅读理解推理判断、阅读理解主旨大意
【点评】
本题以东西方龙文化为语篇载体，考查英语阅读的核心能力，题型全面，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
1. knight
2. beloved

1. n. 骑士 2. adj. 钟爱的;深受爱戴的

【分析】本题要求判断单词的词性和中文意思，需结合日常积累的基础词汇知识。对于knight，常见词性为名词，对应词义为骑士；对于beloved，常见词性为形容词，对应词义为钟爱的、深受爱戴的，属于基础词汇拓展练习，回忆常用词义和词性即可解答。
【解析】1. knight：作为基础词汇，最常用的词性为名词，中文意思是“骑士”；2. beloved：常用词性为形容词，用于修饰名词，中文意思是“钟爱的；深受爱戴的”。
【答案】1. n. 骑士 2. adj. 钟爱的;深受爱戴的
【知识点】英语词汇词性、英语词汇词义
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇的词性与词义拓展题，考查学生对常见词汇的掌握情况，难度较低，适合日常词汇积累使用。
【难度系数】0.7