2026年同步导学与优化训练八年级英语下册人教版第6页答案
Ⅰ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. His dream job is to be a computer
programmer
(program) after graduation.
2. Getting to the top of the mountain is one of the disabled girl's great
achievements
(achieve).
3. In China, people believe that
coins
(coin) in dumplings can bring good luck.
4. Mr Zhang is an old man who enjoys collecting
stamps
(stamp) from all over the world.
5. My best friend sent me many
postcards
(postcard) from the UK.
6. My teacher gives me some
suggestions
(suggest) on how to improve my English.
7. His
failure
(fail) in the exam made him realize that he needed to study harder.
8. Bill bought this pair of sports shoes because they were
surprisingly
(surprising) cheap.

答案

1. programmer 2. achievements
3. coins 4. stamps 5. postcards
6. suggestions 7. failure 8. surprisingly

解析

【分析】
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题,需结合句子结构、词性要求、固定搭配及语法规则对所给单词变形。解题思路:1. 先判断空格处所需词性;2. 若为名词,需考虑单复数规则(如one of后接复数、many/some后接复数);3. 若需修饰形容词,转换为副词;4. 动词转换为对应名词等,最终得出正确形式。
【解析】
1. 空格处需表示“程序员”的名词,所给词program(程序)转换为名词programmer,故填programmer。
2. “one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”,所给词achieve(实现)转换为名词achievement,复数形式为achievements,故填achievements。
3. 空格处作主语,谓语动词为原形,需用可数名词复数,coin(硬币)复数为coins,故填coins。
4. “collect”后接可数名词复数表示收集一类事物,stamp(邮票)复数为stamps,故填stamps。
5. “many”后接可数名词复数,postcard(明信片)复数为postcards,故填postcards。
6. “some”后接可数名词复数,suggest(建议,动词)转换为名词suggestion,复数为suggestions,故填suggestions。
7. “his”后需接名词,fail(失败,动词)转换为名词failure,故填failure。
8. 空格后是形容词cheap,需用副词修饰,surprising(形容词)转换为副词surprisingly,故填surprisingly。
【答案】
1. programmer 2. achievements
3. coins 4. stamps 5. postcards
6. suggestions 7. failure 8. surprisingly
【知识点】
词性转换、名词单复数
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的词形变化,涵盖名词转换、单复数变化、副词修饰形容词等核心知识点,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,难度适中,主要考察学生对词汇变形规则的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 别紧张。先深呼吸让自己冷静下来。
Don't be nervous. Take a deep breath to
calm
down
first.
2. 汤姆很有幽默感。他总是逗我们笑。
Tom has a great
sense
of
humour. He always makes us laugh.
3. 很多孩子梦想成为科学家。
Many children
dream
of
becoming scientists.
4. 我打算开始培养打篮球这项新爱好。
I plan to
take
up
basketball as a new hobby.
5. 每天运动有助于减轻压力。
Exercise every day helps
reduce
stress
.
6. 到目前为止,我们已经学了200个英语单词。
So
far
, we have learnt 200 English words.

答案

1. calm down 2. sense of 3. dream of
4. take up 5. reduce stress 6. So far

解析

【分析】
本题为英语完成句子题,需结合句子语境和初中英语常用固定短语匹配答案。先分析每个句子的含义,再对应所需的固定表达:1. 需“冷静下来”的短语;2. 需“幽默感”的固定搭配;3. 需“梦想做某事”的结构;4. 需“培养(爱好)”的短语;5. 需“减轻压力”的表达;6. 需“到目前为止”的短语,最终确定各空答案。
【解析】
1. 句意为“别紧张,先深呼吸让自己冷静下来”,“冷静下来”的固定短语是calm down,不定式符号to后接动词原形,故填calm down;
2. “幽默感”的固定表达为sense of humour,故填sense of;
3. “梦想做某事”是固定结构dream of doing sth,主语many children为复数,一般现在时谓语用原形,故填dream of;
4. “开始培养(新爱好)”的固定短语是take up,plan to后接动词原形,故填take up;
5. 句意为“每天运动有助于减轻压力”,“减轻压力”的固定表达是reduce stress,help后接动词原形,故填reduce stress;
6. 句意为“到目前为止,我们已经学了200个英语单词”,“到目前为止”的固定短语是So far,用于现在完成时,符合语境,故填So far。
【答案】
1. calm down 2. sense of 3. dream of 4. take up 5. reduce stress 6. So far
【知识点】
固定短语搭配;动词短语;介词短语
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础固定短语的运用,均为课本常见短语,侧重考查学生对常用短语的积累与掌握,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅲ. (教材 p.6 & p.7 1b 改编)语法填空
阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Hobbies are great for relaxation and creativity. Reading or listening to music can calm you 1.
down
after a busy day. Physical activities like 2.
playing
(play) tennis or doing yoga keep you fit. Some people enjoy creative hobbies. For example, Luca Bruno, an 3.
Italian
(Italy) teenager, finds 4.
it
fun to make mobile phone apps. He started 5.
programming
(program) at the age of ten and made an app 6.
to help
(help) people find study partners for learning Italian. He feels a sense of 7.
achievement
(achieve) when he sees others using his app.
Maya Badal from India collects 8.
postcards
(postcard) instead of making things. She has over 100 postcards from 32 countries. Her dad gave her a postcard of the Mogao Caves 9.
when
she was five, and it sparked her interest. She likes learning about different places through the postcards and dreams 10.
of
travelling to them.

答案

1. down 2. playing 3. Italian 4. it
5. programming 6. to help 7. achievement
8. postcards 9. when 10. of

解析

【分析】
本题为语法填空题,需结合固定搭配、非谓语动词、词性转换、代词用法等基础语法知识解题。解题思路:1. 第1空考查固定搭配;2. 第2空需注意介词后接动名词;3. 第3空需用形容词修饰名词;4. 第4空考查代词作形式宾语的用法;5. 第5空考查固定搭配start doing sth;6. 第6空需用不定式表目的;7. 第7空需用名词构成固定短语;8. 第8空需用可数名词复数;9. 第9空需用连词引导时间状语从句;10. 第10空考查固定搭配。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配calm down(使平静),故填down;
2. like为介词,后接动名词作宾语,play的动名词为playing,故填playing;
3. 修饰名词teenager需用形容词,Italy的形容词形式为Italian,故填Italian;
4. it作形式宾语,真正宾语为后面的不定式短语to make mobile phone apps,故填it;
5. 固定搭配start doing sth(开始做某事),program的动名词为programming,故填programming;
6. 不定式作目的状语,表“为了帮助”,故填to help;
7. a sense of后接名词,achieve的名词形式为achievement,故填achievement;
8. collect后接可数名词复数,postcard的复数为postcards,故填postcards;
9. 引导时间状语从句,表“当……时”,故填when;
10. 固定搭配dream of(梦想),故填of。
【答案】
1. down 2. playing 3. Italian 4. it 5. programming 6. to help 7. achievement 8. postcards 9. when 10. of
【知识点】
固定搭配、非谓语动词、词性转换
【点评】
本题为基础语法填空题,考查初中阶段核心的基础语法知识点,侧重对固定搭配、非谓语形式等的应用,适合学生巩固语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.7