一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. The teacher （赞扬）me because I made great progress in my English study.
2. This building has special （日本的）artistic styles.
3. This famous English poem was （翻译）into Chinese many years ago.
4. She （借用）quotes from Lu Xun to get her ideas across in her speech last Friday.
5. This meaningful experience has （激发起）in her the need to spread Chinese traditional culture.

1.praised 2.Japanese 3.translated 4.borrowed
5.awakened

【分析】
本题需结合句子语境、时态及词性要求，根据汉语意思填写正确的单词形式：先判断每个句子的时态（如一般过去时、被动语态、现在完成时），再确定单词的词性（动词、形容词），最后写出对应正确形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：老师赞扬我，因为我英语学习取得了很大进步。由made可知句子为一般过去时，“赞扬”对应的动词praise的过去式为praised。
2. 句意：这座建筑有特殊的日本艺术风格。修饰名词styles需用形容词，“日本的”对应形容词Japanese。
3. 句意：这首著名的英文诗很多年前被翻译成中文。此处为被动语态（was+过去分词），“翻译”对应的动词translate的过去分词为translated。
4. 句意：上周五她在演讲中借用鲁迅的引语来表达自己的观点。由last Friday可知句子为一般过去时，“借用”对应的动词borrow的过去式为borrowed。
5. 句意：这段有意义的经历激发了她传播中国传统文化的需求。此处为现在完成时（has+过去分词），“激发起”对应的动词awake的过去分词为awakened。
【答案】
1.praised 2.Japanese 3.translated 4.borrowed 5.awakened
【知识点】
一般过去时、形容词作定语、被动语态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的正确形式运用，需结合句子时态、语态及词性要求判断，属于英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. We need a good to check the of this passage. (translate)
7. I have made up my mind (learn) more about traditional culture and spread it to more people.
8. The artist is , and his works are popular worldwide. (famous)
9. My mother spends time (read) books when she is free.
10. girl in our class solved this difficult maths problem. (clever)

6.translator;translation 7.to learn
8.famous;famously 9.reading
10.The cleverest;cleverly

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性变化及语境要求解题：
1. 第6题：第一空需接在"a good"后，用表示人的名词；第二空需接在"the"后，用表示事物的名词，需对动词translate进行词性转换。
2. 第7题：考查固定搭配"make up one's mind to do sth"，需用动词不定式作宾语。
3. 第8题：第一空在系动词后作表语，用形容词；第二空修饰形容词，需用副词，需对形容词famous进行词性转换。
4. 第9题：考查固定搭配"spend time (in) doing sth"，需用动名词作宾语。
5. 第10题：由范围"in our class"可知用形容词最高级，最高级前加定冠词the；第二空修饰动词，需用副词，需对形容词clever进行词性转换。
【解析】
6. 第一空："a good"后接名词，结合语境表示“翻译者”，将动词translate变为名词translator；第二空："the"后接名词，结合语境表示“翻译内容”，用名词translation。
7. 固定搭配"make up one's mind to do sth"要求此处用动词不定式，故填to learn。
8. 第一空：系动词is后需形容词作表语，填famous；第二空：修饰形容词popular需用副词，将famous变为副词famously。
9. 固定搭配"spend time (in) doing sth"要求此处用动名词，故填reading。
10. 由范围"in our class"可知用形容词最高级，加定冠词the，填The cleverest；第二空：修饰动词solved需用副词，将clever变为副词cleverly。
【答案】
6.translator;translation 7.to learn 8.famous;famously 9.reading 10.The cleverest;cleverly
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、形容词与副词的用法
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇变形题，侧重考查核心词性变化、固定搭配及形容词副词的运用，题型常规，是巩固英语词汇灵活运用的典型题目，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、阅读理解。
In 1640, an old man returned home, weak but peaceful after his final journey. Villagers asked, “You travelled all your life. Do you regret it?” His eyes still shone brightly, “I saw China’s greatest wonders and walked where heroes like Zhang Qian once stood. How could I regret it?” This man was Xu Xiake, a traveller who left his footprints across China.
Born into a rich family in Jiangyin, Xu had a strong love for geography and nature at an early age. At 18, his father passed away, forcing him to take charge of the family farm. Luckily, his mother fully understood his passion and agreed to let him travel for three months each year during the farming off-season. For about 30 years, he travelled across most parts of the Ming Empire, mostly on foot.
He climbed Mount Huangshan, including the Lianhua Peak and Tiandu Peak, proving that Lianhua Peak was higher. He recorded every detail of landforms in his diary which developed into Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes, a work of over 500,000 words.
Though much of the diary was lost or damaged after his death, the rest still provides valuable scientific and geographical knowledge about China nearly 400 years ago. It encourages people to explore and respect nature.
() 11. How did Xu Xiake feel after his final journey?
A. Tired and sad.
B. Peaceful and proud.
C. Down and regretful.
D. Calm and bored.
() 12. How did Xu Xiake prove Lianhua Peak was higher?
A. By asking many local villagers for answers.
B. By reading ancient books about Mount Huangshan.
C. By comparing at the bottom of both peaks.
D. By climbing both tops and testing carefully.
() 13. What can we infer about Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes?
A. All of his written records are kept well today.
B. It is short and simple without practical value.
C. It still has great research value even now.
D. It mainly talks about people’s daily lives.
() 14. What does Xu Xiake’s story tell us?
A. Travelling is more important than reading.
B. Travelling is the only way to gain knowledge.
C. A strong love can help realise one’s dream.
D. It is always necessary to get close to nature.

11—14.BDCC

【分析】
做此类英语阅读理解题时，需先通读全文把握文章主旨（本文为徐霞客的人物传记），再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文定位关键信息，对比选项逐一排除错误答案，选出与原文表述一致或符合逻辑的选项。
【解析】
11题：根据原文第一段“In 1640, an old man returned home, weak but peaceful after his final journey.”及徐霞客回答时的自豪语气，可知他的感受是平静且自豪的，对应选项B。
12题：根据原文第三段“He climbed Mount Huangshan, including the Lianhua Peak and Tiandu Peak, proving that Lianhua Peak was higher.”可知徐霞客通过攀登两座峰顶并仔细验证来证明莲花峰更高，对应选项D。
13题：根据原文第四段“...the rest still provides valuable scientific and geographical knowledge about China nearly 400 years ago.”可知《徐霞客游记》剩余部分仍有很高的研究价值，对应选项C。
14题：全文讲述徐霞客因对地理和自然的热爱，坚持旅行30余年完成著作的故事，体现了强烈的热爱能帮助实现梦想，对应选项C。
【答案】
BDCC
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文为人物传记类英语阅读理解，主要考查学生对原文细节的定位能力和简单推理能力，整体难度适中，需准确抓取原文关键信息。
【难度系数】
0.7