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四、阅读理解。
新素材 科普知识 Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain? And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees.
Rainforests have a smart way of staying healthy. The tall trees make a canopy(树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests.
The trees in the rainforests grow in an interesting way. Even though they are close to each other, their branches and leaves never touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree. It also makes it more difficult for insects, which eat leaves, to move from one tree to another. To live in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the space between trees.
Rainforests get their name for a reason—they get a lot of rain! They can make 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal, and in some areas, there may be as much as 430 inches of rain every year. In just two hours, rivers can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity(湿度) of large rainforests helps to form rainclouds that may travel to other countries which are in need of rain. Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy.
1. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?
A. They cover a large area.
B. They have a lot of wildlife.
C. They are managed by humans.
D. They provide food for people.
2. What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Tall trees.
B. Smaller plants.
C. Forest animals.
D. Strong winds.
3. Why do the trees' branches and leaves never touch those of another tree?
A. To get more sunlight.
B. To protect themselves.
C. To have more growing space.
D. To make insects move easily.
4. Which of the following best describes rainforests according to the last paragraph?
A. Famous.
B. Dangerous.
C. Dirty.
D. Important.
5. 新考法 写作意图 What is the purpose of the text?
A. To tell the weather in rainforests.
B. To warn the danger in rainforests.
C. To give an introduction of rainforests.
D. To encourage the visit to rainforests.
新素材 科普知识 Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain? And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees.
Rainforests have a smart way of staying healthy. The tall trees make a canopy(树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests.
The trees in the rainforests grow in an interesting way. Even though they are close to each other, their branches and leaves never touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree. It also makes it more difficult for insects, which eat leaves, to move from one tree to another. To live in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the space between trees.
Rainforests get their name for a reason—they get a lot of rain! They can make 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal, and in some areas, there may be as much as 430 inches of rain every year. In just two hours, rivers can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity(湿度) of large rainforests helps to form rainclouds that may travel to other countries which are in need of rain. Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy.
1. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?
A. They cover a large area.
B. They have a lot of wildlife.
C. They are managed by humans.
D. They provide food for people.
2. What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Tall trees.
B. Smaller plants.
C. Forest animals.
D. Strong winds.
3. Why do the trees' branches and leaves never touch those of another tree?
A. To get more sunlight.
B. To protect themselves.
C. To have more growing space.
D. To make insects move easily.
4. Which of the following best describes rainforests according to the last paragraph?
A. Famous.
B. Dangerous.
C. Dirty.
D. Important.
5. 新考法 写作意图 What is the purpose of the text?
A. To tell the weather in rainforests.
B. To warn the danger in rainforests.
C. To give an introduction of rainforests.
D. To encourage the visit to rainforests.
答案
1. B 2. A
3. B 【解析】根据第三段中"Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree. "可知,树木间的枝叶互不接触是为了保护自己,防止从其他树木那里感染疾病。
4. D 【解析】根据最后一段中"Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy. "可知,热带雨林是自然的一部分,有助于保护环境。由此可知,热带雨林对生态系统非常重要。
5. C 【解析】通读全文可知,本文目的是介绍热带雨林中物种的多样性及其在生态系统中起到的重要作用,从而让读者了解热带雨林。
3. B 【解析】根据第三段中"Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree. "可知,树木间的枝叶互不接触是为了保护自己,防止从其他树木那里感染疾病。
4. D 【解析】根据最后一段中"Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy. "可知,热带雨林是自然的一部分,有助于保护环境。由此可知,热带雨林对生态系统非常重要。
5. C 【解析】通读全文可知,本文目的是介绍热带雨林中物种的多样性及其在生态系统中起到的重要作用,从而让读者了解热带雨林。
解析
【分析】
做英语阅读理解题时，需采用“题干定位法”：先阅读题干明确问题指向，再带着问题回到原文对应段落查找相关信息，对比选项排除干扰项确定答案；指代类题目需联系上下文找对应名词，主旨类题目需通读全文梳理核心内容判断写作目的。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain? And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees.”可知，雨林中有大量动植物等野生生物，故选B。
2. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“The tall trees make a canopy(树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests.”可知，They指代前文提到的“tall trees”，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三段“Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree.”可知，树木枝叶互不接触是为了保护自己，故选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy.”可知，热带雨林对生态系统非常重要，故选D。
5. 主旨大意题：通读全文可知，文章介绍了热带雨林的物种多样性、健康维持方式、树木生长特点、降雨情况等，目的是向读者介绍热带雨林，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本文是科普类阅读理解，围绕热带雨林展开，考查学生细节定位、词义指代、主旨归纳能力，题型常规，难度适中，适合巩固阅读理解基础解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6
做英语阅读理解题时，需采用“题干定位法”：先阅读题干明确问题指向，再带着问题回到原文对应段落查找相关信息，对比选项排除干扰项确定答案；指代类题目需联系上下文找对应名词，主旨类题目需通读全文梳理核心内容判断写作目的。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain? And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees.”可知，雨林中有大量动植物等野生生物，故选B。
2. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“The tall trees make a canopy(树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests.”可知，They指代前文提到的“tall trees”，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三段“Scientists think this is the trees' way to protect themselves so that they won't get diseases from another tree.”可知，树木枝叶互不接触是为了保护自己，故选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“Rainforests are part of nature and they help support the environment and keep our planet healthy.”可知，热带雨林对生态系统非常重要，故选D。
5. 主旨大意题：通读全文可知，文章介绍了热带雨林的物种多样性、健康维持方式、树木生长特点、降雨情况等，目的是向读者介绍热带雨林，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本文是科普类阅读理解，围绕热带雨林展开，考查学生细节定位、词义指代、主旨归纳能力，题型常规，难度适中，适合巩固阅读理解基础解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6
