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阅读理解。
Travelling to another country is exciting and fun. But if you don't learn about local customs, you may get into trouble. Here are some cultural taboos(禁忌) in several countries.
In Mexico, some simple things like flowers are good gifts for local people. But you shouldn't take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they are symbols of death and can be connected with witchcraft(巫术).
Americans have a custom of tipping(给小费). You should tip nearly anyone providing a service, such as waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen, etc.
Pay attention when you talk with Americans. Questions like "How old are you?" may be common between friends. But as tourists in the US, it is not polite to ask people's age.
From the supermarket to the underground station, queuing(排队)is very common in Britain. Usually, it takes a British person six months of his or her life to wait in queues. If you jump the queue there, you may make them angry.
You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan. When visiting someone's home, it is rude to enter with shoes on. Shoes should be taken off at the door and replaced with indoor slippers. This is also the same when you try clothes on in a clothes shop. You should take off your shoes before going into the fitting room. There are indoor shoes prepared for customers.
1. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to
2.
3. It usually takes a British person
4. You are expected to take off your shoes when you are indoors in
5. What is the passage mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
Travelling to another country is exciting and fun. But if you don't learn about local customs, you may get into trouble. Here are some cultural taboos(禁忌) in several countries.
In Mexico, some simple things like flowers are good gifts for local people. But you shouldn't take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they are symbols of death and can be connected with witchcraft(巫术).
Americans have a custom of tipping(给小费). You should tip nearly anyone providing a service, such as waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen, etc.
Pay attention when you talk with Americans. Questions like "How old are you?" may be common between friends. But as tourists in the US, it is not polite to ask people's age.
From the supermarket to the underground station, queuing(排队)is very common in Britain. Usually, it takes a British person six months of his or her life to wait in queues. If you jump the queue there, you may make them angry.
You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan. When visiting someone's home, it is rude to enter with shoes on. Shoes should be taken off at the door and replaced with indoor slippers. This is also the same when you try clothes on in a clothes shop. You should take off your shoes before going into the fitting room. There are indoor shoes prepared for customers.
1. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to
red flowers
.2.
Nearly anyone providing a service/Waiters/Taxi drivers/Hotel doormen
should be tipped in the US.3. It usually takes a British person
six/6 months
of his or her life to wait in queues.4. You are expected to take off your shoes when you are indoors in
Japan
.5. What is the passage mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
Some cultural taboos in several countries.
答案
1. red flowers 2. Nearly anyone providing a service/
Waiters/Taxi drivers/Hotel doormen 3. six/6 months
4. Japan 5. Some cultural taboos in several countries.
Waiters/Taxi drivers/Hotel doormen 3. six/6 months
4. Japan 5. Some cultural taboos in several countries.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍不同国家文化禁忌的说明文类阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：1. 对于指代类题目，直接定位划线词所在的段落，往前寻找距离最近的符合语境的复数名词即可；2. 对于细节补全类题目，提取题干中的关键词，回到原文对应段落精准定位，直接提取匹配的原文信息作答即可；3. 主旨大意题优先看文章首尾段的主题句，提炼核心内容同时满足题干的字数限制要求。
【解析】
1. 定位到文章第二段划线词所在句："But you shouldn't take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they are symbols of death and can be connected with witchcraft."，前文提到不应该带红花，这里的they指代前文提到的红花，故得出对应答案。
2. 定位到文章第三段关于美国小费的内容："Americans have a custom of tipping. You should tip nearly anyone providing a service, such as waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen, etc."，可知美国几乎所有提供服务的人都需要被给小费，也可以列举文中给出的服务人员例子，得到对应答案。
3. 定位到文章第五段关于英国排队的内容："Usually, it takes a British person six months of his or her life to wait in queues."，直接提取信息即可得到答案。
4. 定位到文章最后一段关于室内脱鞋的内容："You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan."，可知在日本室内需要脱鞋，得到对应答案。
5. 全文开篇就点明主题是介绍不同国家的文化禁忌，对应首段最后一句主题句，且字数符合不超过8词的要求，得到主旨答案。
【答案】
1. red flowers
2. Nearly anyone providing a service/Waiters/Taxi drivers/Hotel doormen
3. six/6 months
4. Japan
5. Some cultural taboos in several countries.
【知识点】
细节信息定位，代词指代辨析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于基础说明文阅读题型，绝大多数题目都可以直接通过回文定位找到对应答案，难度较低。解题时要注意代词指代题要结合上下文语境判断，不要随意找无关名词，主旨题要严格遵守题干给出的字数限制，不要额外添加冗余内容。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍不同国家文化禁忌的说明文类阅读理解，解题思路非常清晰：1. 对于指代类题目，直接定位划线词所在的段落，往前寻找距离最近的符合语境的复数名词即可；2. 对于细节补全类题目，提取题干中的关键词，回到原文对应段落精准定位，直接提取匹配的原文信息作答即可；3. 主旨大意题优先看文章首尾段的主题句，提炼核心内容同时满足题干的字数限制要求。
【解析】
1. 定位到文章第二段划线词所在句："But you shouldn't take along red flowers, because in Mexican culture, they are symbols of death and can be connected with witchcraft."，前文提到不应该带红花，这里的they指代前文提到的红花，故得出对应答案。
2. 定位到文章第三段关于美国小费的内容："Americans have a custom of tipping. You should tip nearly anyone providing a service, such as waiters, taxi drivers, hotel doormen, etc."，可知美国几乎所有提供服务的人都需要被给小费，也可以列举文中给出的服务人员例子，得到对应答案。
3. 定位到文章第五段关于英国排队的内容："Usually, it takes a British person six months of his or her life to wait in queues."，直接提取信息即可得到答案。
4. 定位到文章最后一段关于室内脱鞋的内容："You should never wear shoes indoors in Japan."，可知在日本室内需要脱鞋，得到对应答案。
5. 全文开篇就点明主题是介绍不同国家的文化禁忌，对应首段最后一句主题句，且字数符合不超过8词的要求，得到主旨答案。
【答案】
1. red flowers
2. Nearly anyone providing a service/Waiters/Taxi drivers/Hotel doormen
3. six/6 months
4. Japan
5. Some cultural taboos in several countries.
【知识点】
细节信息定位，代词指代辨析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于基础说明文阅读题型，绝大多数题目都可以直接通过回文定位找到对应答案，难度较低。解题时要注意代词指代题要结合上下文语境判断，不要随意找无关名词，主旨题要严格遵守题干给出的字数限制，不要额外添加冗余内容。
【难度系数】
0.8
