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五、阅读理解。〔人与自然——自然生态〕
Mountain Taishan is one of China's five sacred mountains. People have great respect for the mountains, and there are many poems and stories about them. Every year, thousands of visitors travel to Shandong Province to go on a hike.
The hike takes about one day, and the view along the way is beautiful. At the top are places to sleep and some temples. An old tradition is to wake up early to watch the sunrise. The wind can be strong and cold at the top of the mountain, so people often wear heavy clothing. Watching the sunrise in such a beautiful place is a special experience.
(
A. are all from Shandong
B. stay at the temple
C. have no places to sleep
D. like to watch the sunrise
(
A. There are many dangerous, sharp rocks.
B. Wild animals run around the top of the mountain.
C. The sunshine is very strong.
D. The weather is very cold.
(
A. There are no poems or stories about them.
B. People visit them in great respect.
C. They are all in Shandong Province.
D. Most of them are taller than Taishan.
(
A. It takes about two days to get to the top of Mountain Taishan.
B. There isn't much to see on the way up the mountain.
C. Only a few people may go up Mountain Taishan each year.
D. Mountain Taishan is in Shandong Province.
Mountain Taishan is one of China's five sacred mountains. People have great respect for the mountains, and there are many poems and stories about them. Every year, thousands of visitors travel to Shandong Province to go on a hike.
The hike takes about one day, and the view along the way is beautiful. At the top are places to sleep and some temples. An old tradition is to wake up early to watch the sunrise. The wind can be strong and cold at the top of the mountain, so people often wear heavy clothing. Watching the sunrise in such a beautiful place is a special experience.
(
D
) 1. Visitors to Mountain Taishan .A. are all from Shandong
B. stay at the temple
C. have no places to sleep
D. like to watch the sunrise
(
D
) 2. Why do people wear heavy clothing at the top of the mountain?A. There are many dangerous, sharp rocks.
B. Wild animals run around the top of the mountain.
C. The sunshine is very strong.
D. The weather is very cold.
(
B
) 3. What can we infer about China's other sacred mountains?A. There are no poems or stories about them.
B. People visit them in great respect.
C. They are all in Shandong Province.
D. Most of them are taller than Taishan.
(
D
) 4. Which of the following is true?A. It takes about two days to get to the top of Mountain Taishan.
B. There isn't much to see on the way up the mountain.
C. Only a few people may go up Mountain Taishan each year.
D. Mountain Taishan is in Shandong Province.
答案
1~4. DDBD
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍泰山生态与文化的阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读全文梳理泰山相关的核心信息，之后每一道题都回到原文定位对应的语句，将每个选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文矛盾、无中生有的错误选项，就能选出正确答案。遇到推理判断题时，要依托原文给出的已知信息做合理推导，不能凭空臆造内容。
【解析】
1. 逐一比对选项：
A选项：原文提到成千上万的游客前往山东游览泰山，说明游客并非都来自山东，表述错误；
B选项：原文仅说明山顶有住宿区域和寺庙，没有提到游客会住在寺庙里，表述错误；
C选项：原文明确提到山顶有可供住宿的地方，该选项和原文内容矛盾，错误；
D选项：原文提到早起看日出是古老的传统，在泰山看日出是非常特别的体验，可以推知游客们喜欢看日出，表述正确。因此第1题选D。
2. 原文第二段直接给出对应依据：“The wind can be strong and cold at the top of the mountain, so people often wear heavy clothing.”，说明人们穿厚衣服是因为山顶天气寒冷，其余选项的内容原文完全没有提及，因此第2题选D。
3. 原文第一段提到“泰山是中国五大圣山之一，人们对这些山怀有崇高敬意”，这里的“这些山”指代全部五大圣山，可以合理推断人们游览其他圣山时也怀着崇敬的心情：
A选项和原文“there are many poems and stories about them”矛盾，错误；
C选项仅说明泰山位于山东，没有信息显示其余圣山都在山东，错误；
D选项原文完全没有提及其他圣山的高度，属于无中生有，错误。因此第3题选B。
4. 逐一验证选项：
A选项和原文“The hike takes about one day”矛盾，错误；
B选项和原文“the view along the way is beautiful”矛盾，错误；
C选项和原文“thousands of visitors travel to Shandong Province”矛盾，错误；
D选项：游客前往山东徒步攀登泰山，说明泰山位于山东省，表述正确。因此第4题选D。
【答案】
1~4. DDBD
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，阅读理解逻辑推理
【点评】
本题选材贴合自然生态主题，难度偏低，绝大多数答案都可以直接在原文中定位找到，主要考察学生快速抓取文本信息、比对选项和原文差异的能力，同时也能帮助学生了解泰山相关的文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍泰山生态与文化的阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先通读全文梳理泰山相关的核心信息，之后每一道题都回到原文定位对应的语句，将每个选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文矛盾、无中生有的错误选项，就能选出正确答案。遇到推理判断题时，要依托原文给出的已知信息做合理推导，不能凭空臆造内容。
【解析】
1. 逐一比对选项：
A选项：原文提到成千上万的游客前往山东游览泰山，说明游客并非都来自山东，表述错误；
B选项：原文仅说明山顶有住宿区域和寺庙，没有提到游客会住在寺庙里，表述错误；
C选项：原文明确提到山顶有可供住宿的地方，该选项和原文内容矛盾，错误；
D选项：原文提到早起看日出是古老的传统，在泰山看日出是非常特别的体验，可以推知游客们喜欢看日出，表述正确。因此第1题选D。
2. 原文第二段直接给出对应依据：“The wind can be strong and cold at the top of the mountain, so people often wear heavy clothing.”，说明人们穿厚衣服是因为山顶天气寒冷，其余选项的内容原文完全没有提及，因此第2题选D。
3. 原文第一段提到“泰山是中国五大圣山之一，人们对这些山怀有崇高敬意”，这里的“这些山”指代全部五大圣山，可以合理推断人们游览其他圣山时也怀着崇敬的心情：
A选项和原文“there are many poems and stories about them”矛盾，错误；
C选项仅说明泰山位于山东，没有信息显示其余圣山都在山东，错误；
D选项原文完全没有提及其他圣山的高度，属于无中生有，错误。因此第3题选B。
4. 逐一验证选项：
A选项和原文“The hike takes about one day”矛盾，错误；
B选项和原文“the view along the way is beautiful”矛盾，错误；
C选项和原文“thousands of visitors travel to Shandong Province”矛盾，错误；
D选项：游客前往山东徒步攀登泰山，说明泰山位于山东省，表述正确。因此第4题选D。
【答案】
1~4. DDBD
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，阅读理解逻辑推理
【点评】
本题选材贴合自然生态主题，难度偏低，绝大多数答案都可以直接在原文中定位找到，主要考察学生快速抓取文本信息、比对选项和原文差异的能力，同时也能帮助学生了解泰山相关的文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8
