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二、短篇阅读
A
Have you ever noticed that some numbers hide in the beautiful melody of music? They are the Fibonacci sequence(斐波那契数列): $1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, \dots$ Each number is the sum of the two before it. For example, $1+1=2$, $1+2=3$, $2+3=5$, $3+5=8$ and so on. What's more, as the sequence continues, the ratio(比率) of two neighbouring numbers gets closer and closer to about $1.618$ (just like $8÷5=1.6$), which is known as the Golden Ratio.
According to historical records, Leonardo Fibonacci first introduced this special sequence in his book *Liber Abaci* in 1202. In fact, the Fibonacci sequence can be widely seen in our daily life, especially in nature and the arts.
Many flowers have petals(花瓣) with Fibonacci numbers. A lily usually has 3 petals, while a rose has 5 and a delphinium has 8. All these numbers belong to the Fibonacci sequence. Bees also follow this rule when building their houses. The number of bee cells(蜂房) in each row is often $1, 2, 3, 5, 8$ and so on.
Painters often use special structures in their works. With the help of the Fibonacci sequence, artists can create nearly perfect designs. For example, the famous painting *Mona Lisa* follows the Golden Ratio. For musicians, the sequence helps them create amazing musical effects. It is believed that the Fibonacci sequence can control the number of beats(节拍) in different parts of a song. Next time, try to count the beats in your favourite song. Are they $5, 8$ or $13$? It is maths that makes music more pleasant to our ears.
(
(
A. Leonardo Fibonacci and his book.
B. The rule of the Fibonacci sequence.
C. The history of the Fibonacci sequence.
D. The Fibonacci sequence and its uses.
A
Have you ever noticed that some numbers hide in the beautiful melody of music? They are the Fibonacci sequence(斐波那契数列): $1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, \dots$ Each number is the sum of the two before it. For example, $1+1=2$, $1+2=3$, $2+3=5$, $3+5=8$ and so on. What's more, as the sequence continues, the ratio(比率) of two neighbouring numbers gets closer and closer to about $1.618$ (just like $8÷5=1.6$), which is known as the Golden Ratio.
According to historical records, Leonardo Fibonacci first introduced this special sequence in his book *Liber Abaci* in 1202. In fact, the Fibonacci sequence can be widely seen in our daily life, especially in nature and the arts.
Many flowers have petals(花瓣) with Fibonacci numbers. A lily usually has 3 petals, while a rose has 5 and a delphinium has 8. All these numbers belong to the Fibonacci sequence. Bees also follow this rule when building their houses. The number of bee cells(蜂房) in each row is often $1, 2, 3, 5, 8$ and so on.
Painters often use special structures in their works. With the help of the Fibonacci sequence, artists can create nearly perfect designs. For example, the famous painting *Mona Lisa* follows the Golden Ratio. For musicians, the sequence helps them create amazing musical effects. It is believed that the Fibonacci sequence can control the number of beats(节拍) in different parts of a song. Next time, try to count the beats in your favourite song. Are they $5, 8$ or $13$? It is maths that makes music more pleasant to our ears.
(
D
)1. Which one is the Fibonacci sequence according to the text?(
D
)2. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Leonardo Fibonacci and his book.
B. The rule of the Fibonacci sequence.
C. The history of the Fibonacci sequence.
D. The Fibonacci sequence and its uses.
答案
1. D 2. D
解析
【分析】
第1题需根据文中斐波那契数列的定义（每个数是前两个数之和），逐一分析选项的数列是否符合；第2题需梳理文章结构，明确核心内容是介绍斐波那契数列及其应用，从而选出主旨。
【解析】
1. 根据文中“Each number is the sum of the two before it”，分析选项：A选项数字不符合规律；B是杨辉三角；C是111类数相乘的规律；D选项数列1,2,3（1+2）,5（2+3）,8（3+5）,13（5+8）,21（8+13）,34（13+21），完全符合斐波那契数列定义，故选D。
2. 文章先介绍斐波那契数列的定义，再讲其在自然、艺术、音乐等领域的应用，整体围绕“斐波那契数列及其用途”展开：A仅提及作者和书，B仅讲规则，C仅讲历史，均片面，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读的细节判断和主旨归纳，需准确把握文本信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
第1题需根据文中斐波那契数列的定义（每个数是前两个数之和），逐一分析选项的数列是否符合；第2题需梳理文章结构，明确核心内容是介绍斐波那契数列及其应用，从而选出主旨。
【解析】
1. 根据文中“Each number is the sum of the two before it”，分析选项：A选项数字不符合规律；B是杨辉三角；C是111类数相乘的规律；D选项数列1,2,3（1+2）,5（2+3）,8（3+5）,13（5+8）,21（8+13）,34（13+21），完全符合斐波那契数列定义，故选D。
2. 文章先介绍斐波那契数列的定义，再讲其在自然、艺术、音乐等领域的应用，整体围绕“斐波那契数列及其用途”展开：A仅提及作者和书，B仅讲规则，C仅讲历史，均片面，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读的细节判断和主旨归纳，需准确把握文本信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
