四、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Some of the world’s most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day. Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to live. “Once we spread out into space and build independent colonies (独立的殖民地), our future should be safe,” he said. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot — for example, about the ability of humans to live in a very different environment.
★ Terraforming (地球化) means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth’s. One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about -60°C. One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases. This could take many centuries. However, it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants, resulting in more air that people can breathe.
Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before “returning to Earth” recently. It was a 1,200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano (火山) and used the sun for energy. Christiane Heinicke, one of the people who lived there, said that one of the biggest problems was feeling bored. Another important finding was that the people living together should all be able to get along and work together.
One particular organization based in Europe is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030. However, many experts think the project’s cost of ＄6 billion is too low for it to be successful. The American space agency NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about ＄100 billion, although this estimate is based on bringing them back to Earth, too. Anyway, it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe.
() 1. Paragraph 1 mainly focuses on .
A. how we can move to another planet
B. why we work on moving to Mars
C. when we will move to Mars
D. where the Mars is
() 2. Which of the following can be put in ★ ?
A. However, scientists need to terraform Mars for people to live.
B. And people are trying to send the people to Mars.
C. But scientists can’t do anything about this.
D. However, it is not easy to move to Mars.
() 3. The underlined word “them” refers to .
A. humans
B. scientists
C. planets
D. cost
() 4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The temperature on Mars is 60 degrees above zero.
B. It is sure to send the first humans to Mars after 2030.
C. ＄6 billion is enough to send people to Mars.
D. Moving to Mars would be good for mankind.

四、1-4: BAAD

翻译:
### 四、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
世界上一些最重要的科学家认为，人类在火星上生活的想法总有一天会成为现实。斯蒂芬·霍金认为人类必须进入太空生活。“一旦我们向太空拓展并建立独立的殖民地，我们的未来应该是安全的，”他说。火箭科学家罗伯特·祖布林对此表示赞同，他认为把人类送上火星将让我们学到很多东西——例如，关于人类在非常不同的环境中生存的能力。
★ 地球化是指改变行星上的环境，使其类似于地球的环境。地球化火星的主要目标之一是使它变暖，因为那里的平均温度约为-60°C。使火星变暖的一个想法是在那里建造产生温室气体的工厂。这可能需要几个世纪。然而，它应该会带来降雨和植物的生长，从而产生更多可供人们呼吸的空气。
科学家们的另一个重大担忧是，人类是否能移居火星，同时在身心上保持健康。作为一项测试，六个人在夏威夷的一个类似火星的环境中生活了一年，最近才“返回地球”。那是一个1200平方英尺的房间，位于一座火山的一侧，利用太阳能供电。在那里生活的克里斯蒂安妮·海尼克说，最大的问题之一是感到无聊。另一个重要的发现是，一起生活的人都应该能够和睦相处、共同工作。
一个总部设在欧洲的特别组织计划在2030年之前将第一批人类送上火星。然而，许多专家认为，该项目60亿美元的成本太低，无法取得成功。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）认为，将人类送上火星将花费约1000亿美元，不过这个估计也包括了把他们带回地球的费用。无论如何，人类在火星上生活似乎很可能比大多数人认为的要快得多。
（B）1. 第一段主要关注的是______。
A. 我们如何能搬到另一个星球
B. 我们致力于移居火星的原因
C. 我们将在何时移居火星
D. 火星在哪里
（A）2. 下列哪一项可以放在★处？
A. 然而，科学家需要对火星进行地球化改造，以便人类能在上面生活。
B. 而且人们正试图把人类送上火星。
C. 但科学家对此无能为力。
D. 然而，移居火星并不容易。
（A）3. 划线单词“them”指的是______。
A. 人类
B. 科学家
C. 行星
D. 成本
（D）4. 我们从这篇文章中能了解到什么？
A. 火星上的温度是零上60度。
B. 2030年之后肯定会把第一批人类送上火星。
C. 60亿美元足够把人类送上火星。
D. 移居火星对人类会有好处。