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(B)新素养文化意识
Iceland is a Northern European country with amazing natural beauty and the ocean around. There are a lot of volcanoes(火山). It has a short summer which lasts from June to August. The long winter starts from September and ends next May.
Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.
In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. The food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. It had to buy most of its food from other countries. Later, when farmers learned to use artificial(人造的)lights and underground heat to help crops grow all year round in the greenhouse, things changed a lot.
Living in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(5分)
( )1. What does the underlined word "It" refer to(指代)in paragraph 1?
A. The volcano. B. Natural beauty. C. Iceland.
( )2. When do visitors usually go to Iceland to enjoy the whale-watching?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In winter.
( )3. The main idea of paragraph 3 is ___.
A. what is the first choice to relax after the fun
B. how people in Iceland finish their daily work
C. how people in Iceland spend the long dark night
( )4. Iceland has a short growing season because it has ___.
A. the ocean around B. a lot of volcanoes C. a long cold winter
( )5. The best title for the passage can be“___”.
A. Iceland, a poor country B. Iceland, an amazing country
C. Colourful activities in Iceland
Iceland is a Northern European country with amazing natural beauty and the ocean around. There are a lot of volcanoes(火山). It has a short summer which lasts from June to August. The long winter starts from September and ends next May.
Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.
In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. The food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. It had to buy most of its food from other countries. Later, when farmers learned to use artificial(人造的)lights and underground heat to help crops grow all year round in the greenhouse, things changed a lot.
Living in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(5分)
( )1. What does the underlined word "It" refer to(指代)in paragraph 1?
A. The volcano. B. Natural beauty. C. Iceland.
( )2. When do visitors usually go to Iceland to enjoy the whale-watching?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In winter.
( )3. The main idea of paragraph 3 is ___.
A. what is the first choice to relax after the fun
B. how people in Iceland finish their daily work
C. how people in Iceland spend the long dark night
( )4. Iceland has a short growing season because it has ___.
A. the ocean around B. a lot of volcanoes C. a long cold winter
( )5. The best title for the passage can be“___”.
A. Iceland, a poor country B. Iceland, an amazing country
C. Colourful activities in Iceland
答案
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是指代题，解题时需联系划线词所在的上下文，指代内容通常出现在前文，第一段开头明确介绍主语是Iceland，后续的It必然指代这个主语，据此判断答案。
2. 第2题是细节题，要定位到文中提及“whale-watching”的段落，第二段表明夏季是冰岛旅游的黄金季节，游客会在此期间观赏鲸鱼，由此确定答案。
3. 第3题是段落主旨题，需先找到段落主题句，第三段首句点明冰岛人会通过不同活动度过漫长黑夜，后续内容都是具体活动介绍，主题句即为段落主旨。
4. 第4题是细节题，文中第四段直接给出因果关系：因为漫长寒冷的冬季，冰岛生长季节短，直接对应选项即可。
5. 第5题是标题题，需概括全文内容，文章从冰岛的自然环境、旅游、冬季活动、农业、居民生活等多方面介绍，要排除片面或错误的选项，选择能涵盖全文的标题。
【解析】
1. 第一段开篇介绍“Iceland is a Northern European country with amazing natural beauty and the ocean around.”，随后提到“It has a short summer which lasts from June to August.”，这里的It指代前文的主语Iceland，故选C。
2. 根据第二段“Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.”可知，游客在夏季前往冰岛观赏鲸鱼，故选B。
3. 第三段首句“In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night.”是段落主题句，后续内容围绕冰岛人度过漫长黑夜的具体活动展开，因此段落主旨是冰岛人如何度过漫长黑夜，故选C。
4. 由第四段“Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season.”可知，冰岛生长季节短的原因是漫长寒冷的冬季，故选C。
5. 文章全方位介绍了冰岛的自然风貌、旅游特色、冬季生活、农业发展及居民幸福生活等内容。A选项“贫穷的国家”与文意不符，C选项“冰岛的多彩活动”仅为文章部分内容，B选项“冰岛，一个神奇的国家”能概括全文，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B
【知识点】
阅读理解指代题、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文围绕冰岛展开，设置了多种常见阅读理解题型，考查学生对文章信息的定位提取、逻辑理解及整体概括能力，题目贴合文章内容，能有效检验学生的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是指代题，解题时需联系划线词所在的上下文，指代内容通常出现在前文，第一段开头明确介绍主语是Iceland，后续的It必然指代这个主语，据此判断答案。
2. 第2题是细节题，要定位到文中提及“whale-watching”的段落，第二段表明夏季是冰岛旅游的黄金季节，游客会在此期间观赏鲸鱼，由此确定答案。
3. 第3题是段落主旨题，需先找到段落主题句，第三段首句点明冰岛人会通过不同活动度过漫长黑夜，后续内容都是具体活动介绍，主题句即为段落主旨。
4. 第4题是细节题，文中第四段直接给出因果关系：因为漫长寒冷的冬季，冰岛生长季节短，直接对应选项即可。
5. 第5题是标题题，需概括全文内容，文章从冰岛的自然环境、旅游、冬季活动、农业、居民生活等多方面介绍，要排除片面或错误的选项，选择能涵盖全文的标题。
【解析】
1. 第一段开篇介绍“Iceland is a Northern European country with amazing natural beauty and the ocean around.”，随后提到“It has a short summer which lasts from June to August.”，这里的It指代前文的主语Iceland，故选C。
2. 根据第二段“Summer in Iceland is a golden season for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-watching.”可知，游客在夏季前往冰岛观赏鲸鱼，故选B。
3. 第三段首句“In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night.”是段落主题句，后续内容围绕冰岛人度过漫长黑夜的具体活动展开，因此段落主旨是冰岛人如何度过漫长黑夜，故选C。
4. 由第四段“Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season.”可知，冰岛生长季节短的原因是漫长寒冷的冬季，故选C。
5. 文章全方位介绍了冰岛的自然风貌、旅游特色、冬季生活、农业发展及居民幸福生活等内容。A选项“贫穷的国家”与文意不符，C选项“冰岛的多彩活动”仅为文章部分内容，B选项“冰岛，一个神奇的国家”能概括全文，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B
【知识点】
阅读理解指代题、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文围绕冰岛展开，设置了多种常见阅读理解题型，考查学生对文章信息的定位提取、逻辑理解及整体概括能力，题目贴合文章内容，能有效检验学生的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
