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一、根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)
1. I heard about the
2. There was a terrible
3. As teenagers, we should help out with
4. Because of the
5.
6. Thanks to our neighbours, they
7. Even during difficult exams, she keeps a cool
8. In science class, we learned how a real
9. During the
10. How do natural
1. I heard about the
flood
(水灾)in your town. Is everything OK?2. There was a terrible
earthquake
(地震)in Wenchuan, Sichuan on 12th May 2008.3. As teenagers, we should help out with
chores
(家务)after school.4. Because of the
drought
(旱灾), there was a very big fire.5.
Typhoons
(台风)often happen in summer and autumn.6. Thanks to our neighbours, they
warned
(提醒注意)us to be careful about the crazy dog yesterday.7. Even during difficult exams, she keeps a cool
temper
(脾气)by taking deep breaths.8. In science class, we learned how a real
wildfire
(野火)can break forests very fast.9. During the
snowstorm
(雪暴), my family stayed at home and drank hot chocolate together.10. How do natural
disasters
(灾害)affect our lives?答案
一、1. flood 2. earthquake 3. chores 4. drought 5. Typhoons 6. warned 7. temper 8. wildfire 9. snowstorm 10. disasters
解析
【解析】
本题要求根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，需结合句子语境判断单词的单复数、时态等形式：
1. “水灾”对应的英文单词是flood，此处用单数形式；
2. “地震”对应的英文单词是earthquake，用单数形式；
3. “家务”常用英文表达chores；
4. “旱灾”对应的英文单词是drought；
5. “台风”对应的英文单词是typhoon，根据谓语动词happen可知应用复数形式Typhoons，句首单词首字母大写；
6. “提醒注意”对应的英文单词是warn，根据时间状语yesterday可知应用过去式warned；
7. “脾气”对应的英文单词是temper，不定冠词a后用单数形式；
8. “野火”对应的英文单词是wildfire，不定冠词a后用单数形式；
9. “雪暴”对应的英文单词是snowstorm，此处特指那场雪暴，用单数形式；
10. “灾害”对应的英文单词是disaster，根据谓语动词affect可知应用复数形式disasters。
【答案】
1. flood 2. earthquake 3. chores 4. drought 5. Typhoons 6. warned 7. temper 8. wildfire 9. snowstorm 10. disasters
【知识点】
灾害类名词拼写；动词过去式变形；可数名词复数运用
【点评】
本题考查常见中英文词汇互译及单词形式的正确运用，涵盖自然灾害、日常生活等相关词汇，需结合语境判断单词的单复数、时态，注重基础词汇的积累与灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题要求根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，需结合句子语境判断单词的单复数、时态等形式：
1. “水灾”对应的英文单词是flood，此处用单数形式；
2. “地震”对应的英文单词是earthquake，用单数形式；
3. “家务”常用英文表达chores；
4. “旱灾”对应的英文单词是drought；
5. “台风”对应的英文单词是typhoon，根据谓语动词happen可知应用复数形式Typhoons，句首单词首字母大写；
6. “提醒注意”对应的英文单词是warn，根据时间状语yesterday可知应用过去式warned；
7. “脾气”对应的英文单词是temper，不定冠词a后用单数形式；
8. “野火”对应的英文单词是wildfire，不定冠词a后用单数形式；
9. “雪暴”对应的英文单词是snowstorm，此处特指那场雪暴，用单数形式；
10. “灾害”对应的英文单词是disaster，根据谓语动词affect可知应用复数形式disasters。
【答案】
1. flood 2. earthquake 3. chores 4. drought 5. Typhoons 6. warned 7. temper 8. wildfire 9. snowstorm 10. disasters
【知识点】
灾害类名词拼写；动词过去式变形；可数名词复数运用
【点评】
本题考查常见中英文词汇互译及单词形式的正确运用，涵盖自然灾害、日常生活等相关词汇，需结合语境判断单词的单复数、时态，注重基础词汇的积累与灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. When I got home yesterday afternoon, it
2. I
3. When I
4. The children
5. —Why didn't you answer my phone yesterday?
—Sorry, I
1. When I got home yesterday afternoon, it
was raining
(rain)hard.2. I
watched
(watch)a very good program on TV last night.3. When I
arrived
(arrive)at the party last night, everyone was having
(have)a good time.4. The children
were playing
(play)chess at five o'clock yesterday afternoon.5. —Why didn't you answer my phone yesterday?
—Sorry, I
was taking
(take)a bath.答案
二、1. was raining 2. watched 3. arrived, was having 4. were playing 5. was taking
解析
【解析】
1. 从句用一般过去时（got home），主句表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语it为第三人称单数，故填was raining。
2. last night是一般过去时的标志，watch的过去式为watched，故填watched。
3. When引导的从句中arrive是短暂性动作，用一般过去时arrived；主句表示从句动作发生时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语everyone表单数，故填arrived, was having。
4. at five o'clock yesterday afternoon是过去具体时刻，用过去进行时，主语children是复数，故填were playing。
5. 答语表示过去打电话时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语I对应的be动词为was，故填was taking。
【答案】
1. was raining 2. watched 3. arrived, was having 4. were playing 5. was taking
【知识点】
过去进行时用法、一般过去时用法
【点评】
本题聚焦一般过去时与过去进行时的区分和运用，需结合时间状语、语境判断时态，注意过去进行时中be动词的单复数变化，是时态类基础考查题。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 从句用一般过去时（got home），主句表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语it为第三人称单数，故填was raining。
2. last night是一般过去时的标志，watch的过去式为watched，故填watched。
3. When引导的从句中arrive是短暂性动作，用一般过去时arrived；主句表示从句动作发生时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语everyone表单数，故填arrived, was having。
4. at five o'clock yesterday afternoon是过去具体时刻，用过去进行时，主语children是复数，故填were playing。
5. 答语表示过去打电话时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语I对应的be动词为was，故填was taking。
【答案】
1. was raining 2. watched 3. arrived, was having 4. were playing 5. was taking
【知识点】
过去进行时用法、一般过去时用法
【点评】
本题聚焦一般过去时与过去进行时的区分和运用，需结合时间状语、语境判断时态，注意过去进行时中be动词的单复数变化，是时态类基础考查题。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、用适当的单词填空(每空一词)
1. I heard about the flood in your town. What were you doing
2. I was doing chores while Mother was cooking. The earthquake took us
3. At 7:00 last night, my mother was doing some chores
4. At the time
5. The firefighters arrived
1. I heard about the flood in your town. What were you doing
at
the time?2. I was doing chores while Mother was cooking. The earthquake took us
by
surprise.3. At 7:00 last night, my mother was doing some chores
while
my father was washing his car.4. At the time
of
the earthquake, we were having an English class.5. The firefighters arrived
in
time to rescue the trapped families.答案
三、1. at 2. by 3. while 4. of 5. in
解析
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配at the time，意为“在那时”，符合语境，故填at。
2. 考查固定短语take sb. by surprise，意为“使某人吃惊，出乎某人意料”，故填by。
3. 此处while引导时间状语从句，强调两个过去进行时的动作同时发生，故填while。
4. 考查固定搭配at the time of...，意为“在……的时候”，后接名词，故填of。
5. 考查固定短语in time，意为“及时”，符合消防员及时赶到救援的语境，故填in。
【答案】
1. at 2. by 3. while 4. of 5. in
【知识点】
介词固定搭配；while引导时间状语从句；时间相关短语
【点评】
本题主要考查时间相关的介词固定短语及连词的用法，需结合语境和固定搭配作答，侧重对基础短语和语法点的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 考查固定搭配at the time，意为“在那时”，符合语境，故填at。
2. 考查固定短语take sb. by surprise，意为“使某人吃惊，出乎某人意料”，故填by。
3. 此处while引导时间状语从句，强调两个过去进行时的动作同时发生，故填while。
4. 考查固定搭配at the time of...，意为“在……的时候”，后接名词，故填of。
5. 考查固定短语in time，意为“及时”，符合消防员及时赶到救援的语境，故填in。
【答案】
1. at 2. by 3. while 4. of 5. in
【知识点】
介词固定搭配；while引导时间状语从句；时间相关短语
【点评】
本题主要考查时间相关的介词固定短语及连词的用法，需结合语境和固定搭配作答，侧重对基础短语和语法点的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式
Today is the fifth day of the new term. It 1.
2.
Today is the fifth day of the new term. It 1.
was raining
(rain)when I was on my way home after school.2.
Luckily
(luck), I took my umbrella with me. When I passed a corner near my house, I saw 3. an
old man. He was carrying an umbrella and a basket of 4. apples
(apple). Suddenly I heard someone crying for help. I turned and 5. saw
(see)the apples falling to the ground, and the old man fell down. I helped 6. him
(he)stand up right away, picked 7. up
the apples and put them back into the basket. After that, I sent the old man to his house. When we arrived at his home, my 8. feet
(foot)were both wet in the rain. He said, "Many thanks 9. to
you! You are such a 10. helpful
(help)boy!" I was very happy because I helped someone in need.答案
四、1. was raining 2. Luckily 3. an 4. apples 5. saw 6. him 7. up 8. feet 9. to 10. helpful
解析
【解析】
1. 此处考查过去进行时。when引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句描述过去正在进行的动作，主语It是第三人称单数，故填was raining。
2. 此处考查词性转换。修饰整个句子需用副词，luck的副词形式是Luckily，句首单词首字母大写，故填Luckily。
3. 此处考查冠词。old是以元音音素开头的单词，表泛指“一位老人”，用不定冠词an，故填an。
4. 此处考查名词复数。a basket of后接可数名词复数，apple的复数形式是apples，故填apples。
5. 此处考查动词过去式。and连接并列谓语，前面turned为过去式，see的过去式是saw，故填saw。
6. 此处考查人称代词宾格。help是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语，he的宾格是him，故填him。
7. 此处考查固定短语。pick up是固定短语，意为“捡起”，故填up。
8. 此处考查名词复数。由后面的were可知主语为复数，foot的复数形式是feet，故填feet。
9. 此处考查固定搭配。thanks to sb.是固定搭配，意为“感谢某人”，故填to。
10. 此处考查词性转换。修饰名词boy需用形容词，help的形容词形式是helpful，故填helpful。
【答案】
1. was raining 2. Luckily 3. an 4. apples 5. saw 6. him 7. up 8. feet 9. to 10. helpful
【知识点】
过去进行时；词性转换；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是一篇贴近生活的短文填空，综合考查了动词时态、冠词、名词复数、词性转换及固定搭配等英语基础知识，既考查学生对语法知识的运用能力，又传递了乐于助人的正能量。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 此处考查过去进行时。when引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句描述过去正在进行的动作，主语It是第三人称单数，故填was raining。
2. 此处考查词性转换。修饰整个句子需用副词，luck的副词形式是Luckily，句首单词首字母大写，故填Luckily。
3. 此处考查冠词。old是以元音音素开头的单词，表泛指“一位老人”，用不定冠词an，故填an。
4. 此处考查名词复数。a basket of后接可数名词复数，apple的复数形式是apples，故填apples。
5. 此处考查动词过去式。and连接并列谓语，前面turned为过去式，see的过去式是saw，故填saw。
6. 此处考查人称代词宾格。help是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语，he的宾格是him，故填him。
7. 此处考查固定短语。pick up是固定短语，意为“捡起”，故填up。
8. 此处考查名词复数。由后面的were可知主语为复数，foot的复数形式是feet，故填feet。
9. 此处考查固定搭配。thanks to sb.是固定搭配，意为“感谢某人”，故填to。
10. 此处考查词性转换。修饰名词boy需用形容词，help的形容词形式是helpful，故填helpful。
【答案】
1. was raining 2. Luckily 3. an 4. apples 5. saw 6. him 7. up 8. feet 9. to 10. helpful
【知识点】
过去进行时；词性转换；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是一篇贴近生活的短文填空，综合考查了动词时态、冠词、名词复数、词性转换及固定搭配等英语基础知识，既考查学生对语法知识的运用能力，又传递了乐于助人的正能量。
【难度系数】
0.7
