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A tornado is a powerful and dangerous storm. It looks like a funnel-shaped (漏斗状的) cloud that spins (旋转) very fast from a thunderstorm to the ground. Its wind can be over 400 km per hour, strong enough to break buildings, pull up trees, and even pick up cars in minutes.
Tornadoes form during strong thunderstorms. They need warm and wet air near the ground meeting cool and dry air above. The warm air rises and can start to spin if winds above blow in different directions, forming the funnel cloud.
Tornadoes can happen in many places but are most common in the central US, called “Tornado Alley”, because of its flat land and meeting air masses (气团). China, Argentina, and Bangladesh also have tornadoes sometimes.
Knowing how to stay safe is important. Go to a basement or an underground shelter. If you don't have one, go to a small, windowless room on the lowest floor of a strong building, like a bathroom. Stay away from windows. Leave cars or mobile homes and find a strong building.
(
A. Cold and wet air near the ground and warm and dry air above.
B. Warm and wet air near the ground and cool and dry air above.
C. Only strong winds, no special air conditions.
D. Only rain, no special temperatures.
(
A. Telling a personal story.
B. Giving safety advice.
C. Describing beautiful scenery.
D. Asking questions.
(
A. How scientists study tornadoes.
B. The damage caused by different storms.
C. Basic facts and safety tips about tornadoes.
D. A story about surviving a tornado.
(
A. A fairy tale book.
B. A historical novel.
C. A book of poems.
D. A science magazine.
A tornado is a powerful and dangerous storm. It looks like a funnel-shaped (漏斗状的) cloud that spins (旋转) very fast from a thunderstorm to the ground. Its wind can be over 400 km per hour, strong enough to break buildings, pull up trees, and even pick up cars in minutes.
Tornadoes form during strong thunderstorms. They need warm and wet air near the ground meeting cool and dry air above. The warm air rises and can start to spin if winds above blow in different directions, forming the funnel cloud.
Tornadoes can happen in many places but are most common in the central US, called “Tornado Alley”, because of its flat land and meeting air masses (气团). China, Argentina, and Bangladesh also have tornadoes sometimes.
Knowing how to stay safe is important. Go to a basement or an underground shelter. If you don't have one, go to a small, windowless room on the lowest floor of a strong building, like a bathroom. Stay away from windows. Leave cars or mobile homes and find a strong building.
(
B
)13. According to the passage, what conditions are needed for a tornado to form?A. Cold and wet air near the ground and warm and dry air above.
B. Warm and wet air near the ground and cool and dry air above.
C. Only strong winds, no special air conditions.
D. Only rain, no special temperatures.
(
B
)14. How does the writer develop the fourth paragraph?A. Telling a personal story.
B. Giving safety advice.
C. Describing beautiful scenery.
D. Asking questions.
(
C
)15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How scientists study tornadoes.
B. The damage caused by different storms.
C. Basic facts and safety tips about tornadoes.
D. A story about surviving a tornado.
(
D
)16. Where is this passage most likely from?A. A fairy tale book.
B. A historical novel.
C. A book of poems.
D. A science magazine.
答案
13. B 14. B 15. C 16. D
解析
【解析】
13. 根据文章第二段“They need warm and wet air near the ground meeting cool and dry air above.”可知，龙卷风形成需要近地面暖湿空气与高空干冷空气交汇，故选B。
14. 第四段以“Knowing how to stay safe is important.”开篇，随后具体给出躲避龙卷风的安全建议，作者通过给出安全建议展开该段内容，故选B。
15. 文章依次介绍了龙卷风的定义与危害、形成条件、多发地区，最后给出安全避险提示，主旨为龙卷风的基本事实和安全贴士，故选C。
16. 本文是关于龙卷风的科普类文章，包含科学知识与安全指南，最有可能出自科学杂志，故选D。
【答案】
13. B；14. B；15. C；16. D
【知识点】
1. 细节查找；2. 主旨归纳；3. 推理判断
【点评】
本文是一篇科普说明文，围绕龙卷风展开介绍，涵盖其形成、分布及避险知识。题目从不同角度考查阅读理解能力，帮助学生熟悉科普类文本的阅读方法。
【难度系数】
0.7
13. 根据文章第二段“They need warm and wet air near the ground meeting cool and dry air above.”可知，龙卷风形成需要近地面暖湿空气与高空干冷空气交汇，故选B。
14. 第四段以“Knowing how to stay safe is important.”开篇，随后具体给出躲避龙卷风的安全建议，作者通过给出安全建议展开该段内容，故选B。
15. 文章依次介绍了龙卷风的定义与危害、形成条件、多发地区，最后给出安全避险提示，主旨为龙卷风的基本事实和安全贴士，故选C。
16. 本文是关于龙卷风的科普类文章，包含科学知识与安全指南，最有可能出自科学杂志，故选D。
【答案】
13. B；14. B；15. C；16. D
【知识点】
1. 细节查找；2. 主旨归纳；3. 推理判断
【点评】
本文是一篇科普说明文，围绕龙卷风展开介绍，涵盖其形成、分布及避险知识。题目从不同角度考查阅读理解能力，帮助学生熟悉科普类文本的阅读方法。
【难度系数】
0.7
