7. 将形如$a+b\sqrt{2}$($a$,$b$均为有理数)的数定义为“好数”,判断下列说法是否正确:
(1)任意两个“好数”之积仍为“好数”.
(2)任意两个“好数”之商(除数不为 0)仍为“好数”.
(1)任意两个“好数”之积仍为“好数”.
(2)任意两个“好数”之商(除数不为 0)仍为“好数”.
答案
解:(1) 正确.设这两个“好数”为$a + b\sqrt {2}$,
$c + d\sqrt {2}(a$,b,c,d为有理数),
则$(a + b\sqrt {2})(c + d\sqrt {2}) $
$= ac + ad\sqrt {2} + bc\sqrt {2} + bd·2$
$=(ac + 2bd)+(ad + bc)\sqrt {2}$,
其中ac + 2bd为有理数,ad + bc 为有理数,所以这两个“好数”
之积为“好数”.
(2) 正确.设这两个好数为$a + b\sqrt {2}$,$c + d\sqrt {2}(a$,b,c,d为有理数,cd≠0),
则$\frac {a + b\sqrt {2}}{c + d\sqrt {2}}$
$=\frac {(a + b\sqrt {2})(c + d\sqrt {2})}{(c + d\sqrt {2})(c - d\sqrt {2})}$
$=\frac {(ac + 2bd)+(ad + bc)\sqrt {2}}{c^2-2d^2}$
$=\frac {ac + 2bd}{c^2-2d^2}+\frac {ad + bc}{c^2-2d^2}\sqrt {2}$,
其中$\frac {ac + 2bd}{c^2-2d^2}$,$\frac {ad + bc}{c^2-2d^2}$均为有理数,
所以这两个“好数”之商为“好数”.
$c + d\sqrt {2}(a$,b,c,d为有理数),
则$(a + b\sqrt {2})(c + d\sqrt {2}) $
$= ac + ad\sqrt {2} + bc\sqrt {2} + bd·2$
$=(ac + 2bd)+(ad + bc)\sqrt {2}$,
其中ac + 2bd为有理数,ad + bc 为有理数,所以这两个“好数”
之积为“好数”.
(2) 正确.设这两个好数为$a + b\sqrt {2}$,$c + d\sqrt {2}(a$,b,c,d为有理数,cd≠0),
则$\frac {a + b\sqrt {2}}{c + d\sqrt {2}}$
$=\frac {(a + b\sqrt {2})(c + d\sqrt {2})}{(c + d\sqrt {2})(c - d\sqrt {2})}$
$=\frac {(ac + 2bd)+(ad + bc)\sqrt {2}}{c^2-2d^2}$
$=\frac {ac + 2bd}{c^2-2d^2}+\frac {ad + bc}{c^2-2d^2}\sqrt {2}$,
其中$\frac {ac + 2bd}{c^2-2d^2}$,$\frac {ad + bc}{c^2-2d^2}$均为有理数,
所以这两个“好数”之商为“好数”.
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