一、词汇运用
1. This machine is named after its (发明者).
2. It's said that three - quarters of (俄罗斯人) live in cities.
3. Which of the (创意) is the most valuable to the advertisement for drinks?
4. Alexander Graham Bell became famous overnight by (发明) the telephone?
5. Most poor and helpless (非洲人) live on less than two dollars a day.
6. Yuan Longping is one of the greatest (科学家) in China and he is considered as “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
7. What are the four great (发明) of China?
8. Nelson Mandela was a (斗士) for the rights of black Africans all his life.
9. One of the first (欧洲人) to discover American was Christopher Columbus.

1. inventor
2. Russians
3. ideas
4. inventing
5. Africans
6. scientists
7. inventions
8. fighter
9. Europeans

()1.Before the printing press was , books had to be copied by hand, which took a very long time.

A.invented
B.discovered
C.found
D.explored

A

本题考查动词词义辨析。题干意思是“在印刷术被 _____ 之前，书籍必须手抄，这需要很长时间。”
A. invented“发明”指创造出原本不存在的东西；B. discovered“发现”指发现已存在但不为人知的事物； C. found “找到”强调找到的结果，通常指找到丢失或不见的东西 ；D. explored“探索；探测”侧重对未知事物的探索和考察。印刷术是人类创造出来的，之前不存在，所以应该用“invent”，且此处是被动语态，要用过去分词“invented”。

()2.Scientists have a new planet that might support life. It was always there, but we didn't know about it.

A.Invented
B.created
C.searched
D.discovered

D

根据句意“科学家们______一颗可能有生命存在的新行星。它一直存在，但我们之前不知道。”，“invented”（发明）和“created”（创造）均指创造原本不存在的事物，不符合行星一直存在的语境；“searched”（搜索）为不及物动词，需搭配介词使用，此处语法不符；“discovered”（发现）指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物，符合题意。

()3.—Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
—Sure! It by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.

A.is invented
B.invented
C.was invented
D.will be invented

C

根据题中的时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语“It”指代上文中的“the kite”，与动词invent之间构成被动关系，所以这里应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were + 动词的过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词是invented。所以“was invented”符合题意。

()4.—Zheng He was a Ming dynasty that we Chinese people are proud of.
—I agree with you. He even succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa.

A.tourist
B.philosopher
C.inventor
D.explorer

D

题意“郑和是我们中国人都引以为傲的明代…”，根据句子结构可知此处应填一个表示职业或身份的名词。tourist游客，philosopher哲学家，inventor发明家，explorer探险家。根据题干中的“He even succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa.”可推断此处指的是郑和是探险家。

()5.—The air pollution in this area is getting more serious. Something must be done to prevent it.
—! We've never had so many factories before.

A.I won't agree with it
B.You said it
C.In some ways
D.No way

B

题干中第一句话的意思是“这个地区的空气污染变得越来越严重，必须采取措施阻止它”。根据“We've never had so many factories before.”可推测第二个人同意第一个人的观点。A选项表示“我不同意”，B选项表示“你说对了”，C选项表示“在某种程度上”，D选项表示“没门”，只有B选项符合语境，表示同意对方观点。

三、阅读表达
Have you ever seen or used a saw, or “ju” in Chinese? Do you know who invented it?
The inventor was Lu Ban. He was born in the state of Lu in ancient China more than 2,500 years ago. That is where Qufu lies in the east of Jining.
Lu Ban was the greatest carpenter (木匠) in his time. Once the king ordered him and his team to build a palace in a very short time. They would be punished if they missed the deadline. They had only axes, or fuzi in Chinese, to cut the trees and prepare the wood for the palace, so work was very slow.
One day Lu Ban rushed up the hill to see how things were going. Suddenly the sharp teeth of a leaf cut his hand. Then a bright idea came into his head. Soon he made a tool with teeth along the side of a long iron bar (条状物). With this tool, work became much faster, and they completed the work before the deadline.
That is how the saw was invented.
Lu Ban invented many other useful tools for carpenters and interesting toys for children. The Wooden Bird, for example, could stay in the air for three days. That's why he is considered as the God of Carpentry.

1. Who invented the saw?

2. Where is Qufu?

3. What did the king order Lu Ban and his men to do?

4. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?

5. How long could the Wooden Bird stay in the air?

1. Lu Ban.
2. In the east of Jining.
3. To build a palace in a very short time.
4. How the saw was invented.
5. For three days.