三、阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
A
Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.
Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programmes come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use satellites to help them find their exact location.
We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35,880 kilometres above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometres an hour—exactly the same speed that the Earth rotates at. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the Earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position. This usually happens about every five or six days.
Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10–12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the Earth to be repaired. Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very dangerous because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.
( )31. Which of the following is true about satellites according to the passage?
①They send information for weather forecast.
②They take photographs of the Earth.
③They send TV programmes.
④They provide food for airplane pilots.
⑤They stay in the same place.
⑥They usually work for about 10–12 years.
A. ①②④ B. ①③⑤ C. ②③⑥ D. ②④⑥
( )32. What speed does the Earth rotate at?
A. 35,880 kilometres per hour. B. 264,000 kilometres each day.
C. 11,000 kilometres per hour. D. 430,560 kilometres each day.
( )33. What can you infer according to this passage?
A. Satellites can help airplane pilots find their exact location.
B. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the earth.
C. Rockets on satellites are used to put the satellites in the right position.
D. Old or broken satellites in space may waste energy and cause danger.
B
Lizzie’s diary from Antarctica (南极洲)
Day 3: Tuesday December 2
We planned to go to Rothera that morning. We’d be staying there for the next two weeks. Because Antarctica is the windiest place on the Earth, sometimes you can’t fly at all.
We had a nervous wait over breakfast to find out if we’d be leaving that day. People have to stay in Stanley for weeks while the pilots wait for good weather.
It turned clear at 9:30 and we took off at 10:30 on a little red plane called Dash - 7. But even when we were in the air, there was still a chance we wouldn’t be able to fly the whole day.
Day 4: Wednesday December 3
After waking up in the Antarctic for the first time today, I can understand why everybody who comes here falls in love with the place. It is really beautiful.
We’re staying at Rothera Survey base with mountains of ice all around. It’s about minus 2℃ today, which for me is very cold, but the regulars (常客) here are often seen walking around in T - shirts!
Day 5: Thursday December 4
I woke up to another beautiful sunny day here in the Antarctic. I’m told it’s a bit colder today, about minus 5℃, but it’s not very windy so it feels warmer. Those of us who are new to the base have to do a special training course before we’re allowed to go off base to other stations or to go snowboarding over the nearby hill.
Day 7: Saturday December 6
Not a cloud in the sky and it’s warm enough to sit outside (in a jacket).
The most amazing thing about this place is how the scenery (风景) changes every day.
At first, I thought I was going mad. I’d step outside in the morning and think, “I’m sure that big mountain of ice wasn’t there yesterday.” It’s because the sea ice is always moving—slowly thankfully!
( )34. When did Lizzie get to Antarctica?
A. On December 1. B. On December 2.
C. On December 3. D. On November 30.
( )35. How long will Lizzie stay in Rothera?
A. Seven days. B. Five days.
C. A week. D. Two weeks.
( )36. What may keep people from leaving Stanley for Rothera?
A. Strong winds. B. Bad weather.
C. Mountains of ice. D. Low temperatures.
( )37. What impressed Lizzie most about Rothera?
A. People walked around in T - shirts though the temperature was minus 2℃.
B. Rothera Survey base is so beautiful with mountains of ice all around.
C. Those who are new to the base have to do a special training course.
D. The scenery in Antarctica changes every day and the sea ice is moving.
C
You may have been told before not to be afraid of anything. Fear is often associated with weakness. Fear is something to be avoided.
But that’s not true, according to a magazine. Fear can be good for us.
Fear tells us about danger. Without fear, we wouldn’t know when to run away from a tiger or step back from a cliff.
In a study published in a journal, researchers from Michigan State University said that a healthy fear of crime keeps teenagers away from potentially (潜在地) dangerous people, places, and activities.
Fear makes us jump, scream and sweat. But interestingly, sometimes we make ourselves feel fear on purpose. Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller coaster ride.
Margee Kerr, a sociologist, explained why to the magazine.
Fear fills our brain with healthy chemical substances (化学物质), especially endorphins (内啡肽) and dopamine (多巴胺), and these things create feelings of happiness and excite us, according to Kerr.
In addition, when you’re scared, your body produces a chemical which helps people bond with each other.
“Watch people walking out of a haunted house, and you’ll see lots of smiles and high fives,” Kerr said. That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trips and physical activities to build up team spirit.
People experience and deal with fear in different ways. If you happen to be a “coward” who gets scared easily, don’t worry. There is some evidence that being scared can help a person manage stressful situations.
Kerr said that things like giving a report in front of your class or performing in a school play help build a sort of endurance (忍耐力) to fear that makes us more confident.
“You become more comfortable with the physical experience of fear, and so you’re better able to work through it during tense situations,” said Kerr.
So, learn to love your fear. It only grows when you forget how helpful your fear is trying to be.
( )38. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Fear is often associated with weakness and it is something to be avoided.
B. A healthy fear of crime may keep teenagers away from potential danger.
C. Scared people produce a chemical in their bodies which may bring danger.
D. People will become weaker and weaker with the physical experience of fear.
( )39. The underlined word “coward” in Paragraph 10 probably means “____________”.
A. a person who is weaker
B. a person who becomes frightened easily
C. a person who is in danger
D. a person who gets angry and worried easily
( )40. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. It teaches people how to keep away from things that could be dangerous.
B. It introduces some ways to avoid being involved in scary situations.
C. It tells us the advantages of being scared by giving some examples.
D. It helps people to know more about fear, endurance and confidence.
A
Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.
Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programmes come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use satellites to help them find their exact location.
We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35,880 kilometres above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometres an hour—exactly the same speed that the Earth rotates at. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the Earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position. This usually happens about every five or six days.
Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10–12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the Earth to be repaired. Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very dangerous because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.
( )31. Which of the following is true about satellites according to the passage?
①They send information for weather forecast.
②They take photographs of the Earth.
③They send TV programmes.
④They provide food for airplane pilots.
⑤They stay in the same place.
⑥They usually work for about 10–12 years.
A. ①②④ B. ①③⑤ C. ②③⑥ D. ②④⑥
( )32. What speed does the Earth rotate at?
A. 35,880 kilometres per hour. B. 264,000 kilometres each day.
C. 11,000 kilometres per hour. D. 430,560 kilometres each day.
( )33. What can you infer according to this passage?
A. Satellites can help airplane pilots find their exact location.
B. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the earth.
C. Rockets on satellites are used to put the satellites in the right position.
D. Old or broken satellites in space may waste energy and cause danger.
B
Lizzie’s diary from Antarctica (南极洲)
Day 3: Tuesday December 2
We planned to go to Rothera that morning. We’d be staying there for the next two weeks. Because Antarctica is the windiest place on the Earth, sometimes you can’t fly at all.
We had a nervous wait over breakfast to find out if we’d be leaving that day. People have to stay in Stanley for weeks while the pilots wait for good weather.
It turned clear at 9:30 and we took off at 10:30 on a little red plane called Dash - 7. But even when we were in the air, there was still a chance we wouldn’t be able to fly the whole day.
Day 4: Wednesday December 3
After waking up in the Antarctic for the first time today, I can understand why everybody who comes here falls in love with the place. It is really beautiful.
We’re staying at Rothera Survey base with mountains of ice all around. It’s about minus 2℃ today, which for me is very cold, but the regulars (常客) here are often seen walking around in T - shirts!
Day 5: Thursday December 4
I woke up to another beautiful sunny day here in the Antarctic. I’m told it’s a bit colder today, about minus 5℃, but it’s not very windy so it feels warmer. Those of us who are new to the base have to do a special training course before we’re allowed to go off base to other stations or to go snowboarding over the nearby hill.
Day 7: Saturday December 6
Not a cloud in the sky and it’s warm enough to sit outside (in a jacket).
The most amazing thing about this place is how the scenery (风景) changes every day.
At first, I thought I was going mad. I’d step outside in the morning and think, “I’m sure that big mountain of ice wasn’t there yesterday.” It’s because the sea ice is always moving—slowly thankfully!
( )34. When did Lizzie get to Antarctica?
A. On December 1. B. On December 2.
C. On December 3. D. On November 30.
( )35. How long will Lizzie stay in Rothera?
A. Seven days. B. Five days.
C. A week. D. Two weeks.
( )36. What may keep people from leaving Stanley for Rothera?
A. Strong winds. B. Bad weather.
C. Mountains of ice. D. Low temperatures.
( )37. What impressed Lizzie most about Rothera?
A. People walked around in T - shirts though the temperature was minus 2℃.
B. Rothera Survey base is so beautiful with mountains of ice all around.
C. Those who are new to the base have to do a special training course.
D. The scenery in Antarctica changes every day and the sea ice is moving.
C
You may have been told before not to be afraid of anything. Fear is often associated with weakness. Fear is something to be avoided.
But that’s not true, according to a magazine. Fear can be good for us.
Fear tells us about danger. Without fear, we wouldn’t know when to run away from a tiger or step back from a cliff.
In a study published in a journal, researchers from Michigan State University said that a healthy fear of crime keeps teenagers away from potentially (潜在地) dangerous people, places, and activities.
Fear makes us jump, scream and sweat. But interestingly, sometimes we make ourselves feel fear on purpose. Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller coaster ride.
Margee Kerr, a sociologist, explained why to the magazine.
Fear fills our brain with healthy chemical substances (化学物质), especially endorphins (内啡肽) and dopamine (多巴胺), and these things create feelings of happiness and excite us, according to Kerr.
In addition, when you’re scared, your body produces a chemical which helps people bond with each other.
“Watch people walking out of a haunted house, and you’ll see lots of smiles and high fives,” Kerr said. That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trips and physical activities to build up team spirit.
People experience and deal with fear in different ways. If you happen to be a “coward” who gets scared easily, don’t worry. There is some evidence that being scared can help a person manage stressful situations.
Kerr said that things like giving a report in front of your class or performing in a school play help build a sort of endurance (忍耐力) to fear that makes us more confident.
“You become more comfortable with the physical experience of fear, and so you’re better able to work through it during tense situations,” said Kerr.
So, learn to love your fear. It only grows when you forget how helpful your fear is trying to be.
( )38. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Fear is often associated with weakness and it is something to be avoided.
B. A healthy fear of crime may keep teenagers away from potential danger.
C. Scared people produce a chemical in their bodies which may bring danger.
D. People will become weaker and weaker with the physical experience of fear.
( )39. The underlined word “coward” in Paragraph 10 probably means “____________”.
A. a person who is weaker
B. a person who becomes frightened easily
C. a person who is in danger
D. a person who gets angry and worried easily
( )40. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. It teaches people how to keep away from things that could be dangerous.
B. It introduces some ways to avoid being involved in scary situations.
C. It tells us the advantages of being scared by giving some examples.
D. It helps people to know more about fear, endurance and confidence.
答案
三、31—33 CCD 34—37 BDBD 38—40 BBC
