三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
The Nobel Prize is considered by many people as one of the highest international honours a person can receive. As you know, the prizes were started by a Swede called Alfred Nobel. He was born in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Alfred Nobel was a great scientist. He made two important inventions, so he became very rich. He never married or had children in his life. When he died at the age of 63, he left a fund of 9,000,000. The money was to be used in giving prizes to those who made great achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine and literature, and for world peace.
The first Nobel Prizes were given on 10 December 1901, five years after Nobel’s death. Since then many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prizes for their achievements. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, the winner of the Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he or she has been given the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money.
Often a prize is given to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared. It may be given to two or more persons who have worked together. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given at all if there is no great achievement.
( ) 31. Alfred Nobel was __________.
A. a poor but generous man B. good at medicine
C. a scientist and inventor D. a rich but mean man
( ) 32. The underlined word “diploma” in Paragraph 2 means “__________” in Chinese.
A. 发票 B. 信件 C. 证书 D. 卡片
( ) 33. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Most people consider the Nobel Prize as a great honour.
B. Alfred Nobel was a man of great wealth because of his two inventions.
C. Alfred Nobel presented the prizes to the winners on 10 December 1901.
D. The Nobel Prize is sometimes shared by two or more people.
B
I will never forget the tenth summer of childhood with my grandfather in western Norway on the mountain farm where my mother was born. As a boy, I always thought people simply bought whatever they needed. Whether Grandfather knew this, I didn’t know. One day he said, “Come. I have something for you.”
I followed him to a workroom. “You should have a toy boat. You can sail it at Storvassdal,” he said. “Great,” I thought, looking around for the boat, but there was none.
Grandfather pointed to a block of wood. “The boat is in there,” he said. Then he handed me some tools and showed me how to use them properly. “It’ll be a fine boat and you’ll make it with your own hands,” he said. “No one can give you what you do for yourself.” The words rang in my head as I worked. The boat was finished. It wasn’t much good to look at, but I was proud. Then I sailed it at Storvassdal.
We had to return to America. “You cannot bring that boat home with you,” my mother said. We had too much baggage. Feeling sad, I hid my boat under a big rock at Storvassdal.
I said goodbye to Grandfather, not knowing I would never see him again.
In 1964, I went to Storvassdal with my parents, my wife and my children. To my surprise, for 34 years my treasure stayed here, waiting for my return. I felt we three were together again although my grandfather had died 22 years before.
I carved (雕刻) “1930” and “1964” on its side and put it back.
I returned to the lake in 1968, 1971, 1977 and 1988. Each time I had the boat and carved the year, my grandfather seemed near.
My last trip to Storvassdal was in 1991. I brought my granddaughters: Catherine, 13; Claire, 12. I hoped they would understand the importance of the little boat and its simple message. At Storvassdal, Claire said softly, “Grandpa, someday I’ll come back,” she added. “And I’ll bring my children.”
( ) 34. What lesson did the writer’s grandfather probably teach him?
A. Boys should have a toy boat at childhood.
B. People can simply buy whatever they need.
C. Boys should learn to make a boat out of wood.
D. No one can give you what you do for yourself.
( ) 35. The underlined words “we three” in Paragraph 6 refer to __________.
A. Mother, the boat and me B. Catherine, Claire and me
C. Grandfather, the boat and me D. Grandfather, Mother and me
( ) 36. According to the passage, we can infer that __________.
A. the writer’s grandfather died in 1930
B. Claire understood the meaning of the boat
C. the boat took me back to Norway four times
D. the writer’s mother was born in western Norway
( ) 37. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The little boat and my life
B. The little boat and my parents
C. The little boat that sailed at Storvassdal
D. The little boat that sailed through time
C
There are moments in our lives when we’re just left in awe (敬畏). For me, these moments include when I found out that Jupiter is 121.9 times bigger than the Earth, and that Qomolangma, the Earth’s highest mountain—if thrown into the ocean upside down—wouldn’t be large enough to fill the Mariana Trench (马里亚纳海沟), the deepest place on the Earth.
But none of these moments compares to this one: when scientists revealed (公布) the first-ever picture of a black hole on April 10, 2019.
What you see in the picture might be only an orange ring—a blurry (模糊的) bit of orange ring even—but it is in fact a black hole and is 55 million light-years from the Earth. And it’s bigger than anything we know of. The Sun doesn’t even begin to compare with it. Its mass (质量) is 6.5 billion times that of our star.
It got me wondering: How many more black holes are there? What lies another 100 million, or 1,000 million, light-years away? And what does the size of the universe mean to us—tiny beings on a tiny planet?
But don’t get me wrong. The news isn’t supposed to be discouraging at all. After all, it is in contrast to the size of the universe that human beings can see how much they’ve achieved.
Just think about it: we’re flesh-and-blood creatures, and yet we managed to extend (延伸) our sight by building telescopes that “see” millions of light-years away. These telescopes are located in eight places around the world, and scientists from 20 countries worked together for two years to process all the data before finally bringing the image to us.
It’s true that we tend to feel awe in the face of forces that are much bigger than us. But perhaps we should hold ourselves in awe as well, for all that we tiny human beings have learned about the universe.
( ) 38. What awed the writer most was the moment when __________.
A. he knew that Jupiter is 121.9 times bigger than the Earth
B. he knew Qomolangma is the highest mountain on the Earth
C. he found out the Mariana Trench is the deepest place on the Earth
D. the first-ever picture of a black hole was revealed in 2019
( ) 39. What do we know about the black hole according to the passage?
A. It is the biggest black hole in the universe.
B. Its mass is 6.5 billion times that of the Sun.
C. It’s an orange ring which looks a bit blurry.
D. It’s 55 million light-years away from the Sun.
( ) 40. According to the passage, the writer __________.
A. is curious about the black hole in the universe
B. wants to live on a bigger planet in the universe
C. thinks humans aren’t able to explore outer space
D. is sure there are more black holes in the universe
( ) 41. What does the writer mean by saying “The news isn’t supposed to be discouraging at all.”?
A. The writer is proud of human beings though we’re tiny.
B. Human beings are too tiny to gain large achievements.
C. Man can learn more about the universe through telescopes.
D. Human beings have learned a lot about the black hole.
D
We never forget when Perronet came to us. It was on a spring afternoon. We never knew who tried to drown Perronet, but David pulled him out of the water and saved his life. People sometimes asked us what kind of dog he was, but we never knew, except that he was the nicest possible kind. Mother said we could not afford him because of the tax (税) and his keep. The tax was five shillings (先令), but it was nearly a year before the time when it must be paid. At last, we decided that all three of us would give up sugar toward saving the cost of his keep. It was the hardest for David because he was fond of sweet things, but then, he was fond of Perronet. So we all gave up sugar, and Perronet was allowed to remain.
We were very happy that summer. The boys were especially happy. The only thing that vexed me was Perronet’s tax money, for months and months went on and we didn’t save it. One day, I found David alone with Perronet in his arms. He was crying, and feeding Perronet with cake. I can’t bear to see boys cry. I begged David to stop, and told him I should certainly think of something.
One day, we were all in school. The schoolmaster told us that there was to be a flower show for the school children this year, and that an old gentleman would give prizes to the best arranged wild flowers. There was to be a first prize of five shillings, and a second prize of a half crown, for the best collection of wild flowers, with their names upon them. I squeezed (挤) David’s arm, and whispered, “Five shillings!”
I thought I could never get my lessons that day, for all day I was thinking about Perronet’s tax money. At night, I said to them, “Look here! I’ll make a collection of flowers. You two can make a collection of mosses (苔藓). There are ten kinds of mosses by the river, and we have names of our own for them.” The boys agreed. Richard made me a box. We put wet sand at the bottom, then feather moss, and into that I stuck the flowers. I got all the flowers and all the grasses ready and printed the names on pieces of cardboard, to stick in with them. I did not like it when it was done, but Richard praised it and that cheered me. I thought their mosses were beautiful.
The day of the flower show was very hot. When we reached the tent, it was filled with grown-up people. It was very hard work getting about and trying to see the stands with flowers. We kept seeing tickets with “First Prize” and “Second Prize”. It made me feel sick with heat and anxiety to think of them. We had walked slowly all round the tent. We had seen all the cucumbers, onions, lettuce, grapes, long potatoes, round potatoes, and everything else. At last we saw my collection! It had a big label on it, marked “First Prize”, and next to it came the boys’ moss, marked “Second Prize”. We cried, “Perronet is paid for!”
( ) 42. The meaning of the underlined word “vexed” in Paragraph 2 is close to “__________”.
A. surprised B. worried C. pleased D. attracted
( ) 43. Which of the following is the correct order according to the story?
a. The three children decided to give up sugar.
b. The boys won the second prize in the flower show.
c. The writer made a collection of wild flowers.
d. The headmaster told the children about the show.
e. Mother allowed the children to keep Perronet.
A. a-d-c-b-e B. a-e-d-c-b C. e-a-d-c-b D. e-a-d-b-c
( ) 44. The last paragraph tells us that __________.
A. the writer was sure she would win the prize in the show
B. other children’s collections were made of vegetables
C. many school children won prizes in the flower show
D. the children walked slowly to enjoy the collections
( ) 45. From the passage, we know that __________.
A. the children had to save some money if they wanted to keep Perronet
B. the old gentleman wanted to help the children save money for Perronet
C. the children saved money by giving up sugar to pay the tax money
D. David was once seen crying because he couldn’t eat cake any longer
A
The Nobel Prize is considered by many people as one of the highest international honours a person can receive. As you know, the prizes were started by a Swede called Alfred Nobel. He was born in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Alfred Nobel was a great scientist. He made two important inventions, so he became very rich. He never married or had children in his life. When he died at the age of 63, he left a fund of 9,000,000. The money was to be used in giving prizes to those who made great achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine and literature, and for world peace.
The first Nobel Prizes were given on 10 December 1901, five years after Nobel’s death. Since then many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prizes for their achievements. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, the winner of the Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he or she has been given the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money.
Often a prize is given to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared. It may be given to two or more persons who have worked together. It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given at all if there is no great achievement.
( ) 31. Alfred Nobel was __________.
A. a poor but generous man B. good at medicine
C. a scientist and inventor D. a rich but mean man
( ) 32. The underlined word “diploma” in Paragraph 2 means “__________” in Chinese.
A. 发票 B. 信件 C. 证书 D. 卡片
( ) 33. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Most people consider the Nobel Prize as a great honour.
B. Alfred Nobel was a man of great wealth because of his two inventions.
C. Alfred Nobel presented the prizes to the winners on 10 December 1901.
D. The Nobel Prize is sometimes shared by two or more people.
B
I will never forget the tenth summer of childhood with my grandfather in western Norway on the mountain farm where my mother was born. As a boy, I always thought people simply bought whatever they needed. Whether Grandfather knew this, I didn’t know. One day he said, “Come. I have something for you.”
I followed him to a workroom. “You should have a toy boat. You can sail it at Storvassdal,” he said. “Great,” I thought, looking around for the boat, but there was none.
Grandfather pointed to a block of wood. “The boat is in there,” he said. Then he handed me some tools and showed me how to use them properly. “It’ll be a fine boat and you’ll make it with your own hands,” he said. “No one can give you what you do for yourself.” The words rang in my head as I worked. The boat was finished. It wasn’t much good to look at, but I was proud. Then I sailed it at Storvassdal.
We had to return to America. “You cannot bring that boat home with you,” my mother said. We had too much baggage. Feeling sad, I hid my boat under a big rock at Storvassdal.
I said goodbye to Grandfather, not knowing I would never see him again.
In 1964, I went to Storvassdal with my parents, my wife and my children. To my surprise, for 34 years my treasure stayed here, waiting for my return. I felt we three were together again although my grandfather had died 22 years before.
I carved (雕刻) “1930” and “1964” on its side and put it back.
I returned to the lake in 1968, 1971, 1977 and 1988. Each time I had the boat and carved the year, my grandfather seemed near.
My last trip to Storvassdal was in 1991. I brought my granddaughters: Catherine, 13; Claire, 12. I hoped they would understand the importance of the little boat and its simple message. At Storvassdal, Claire said softly, “Grandpa, someday I’ll come back,” she added. “And I’ll bring my children.”
( ) 34. What lesson did the writer’s grandfather probably teach him?
A. Boys should have a toy boat at childhood.
B. People can simply buy whatever they need.
C. Boys should learn to make a boat out of wood.
D. No one can give you what you do for yourself.
( ) 35. The underlined words “we three” in Paragraph 6 refer to __________.
A. Mother, the boat and me B. Catherine, Claire and me
C. Grandfather, the boat and me D. Grandfather, Mother and me
( ) 36. According to the passage, we can infer that __________.
A. the writer’s grandfather died in 1930
B. Claire understood the meaning of the boat
C. the boat took me back to Norway four times
D. the writer’s mother was born in western Norway
( ) 37. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The little boat and my life
B. The little boat and my parents
C. The little boat that sailed at Storvassdal
D. The little boat that sailed through time
C
There are moments in our lives when we’re just left in awe (敬畏). For me, these moments include when I found out that Jupiter is 121.9 times bigger than the Earth, and that Qomolangma, the Earth’s highest mountain—if thrown into the ocean upside down—wouldn’t be large enough to fill the Mariana Trench (马里亚纳海沟), the deepest place on the Earth.
But none of these moments compares to this one: when scientists revealed (公布) the first-ever picture of a black hole on April 10, 2019.
What you see in the picture might be only an orange ring—a blurry (模糊的) bit of orange ring even—but it is in fact a black hole and is 55 million light-years from the Earth. And it’s bigger than anything we know of. The Sun doesn’t even begin to compare with it. Its mass (质量) is 6.5 billion times that of our star.
It got me wondering: How many more black holes are there? What lies another 100 million, or 1,000 million, light-years away? And what does the size of the universe mean to us—tiny beings on a tiny planet?
But don’t get me wrong. The news isn’t supposed to be discouraging at all. After all, it is in contrast to the size of the universe that human beings can see how much they’ve achieved.
Just think about it: we’re flesh-and-blood creatures, and yet we managed to extend (延伸) our sight by building telescopes that “see” millions of light-years away. These telescopes are located in eight places around the world, and scientists from 20 countries worked together for two years to process all the data before finally bringing the image to us.
It’s true that we tend to feel awe in the face of forces that are much bigger than us. But perhaps we should hold ourselves in awe as well, for all that we tiny human beings have learned about the universe.
( ) 38. What awed the writer most was the moment when __________.
A. he knew that Jupiter is 121.9 times bigger than the Earth
B. he knew Qomolangma is the highest mountain on the Earth
C. he found out the Mariana Trench is the deepest place on the Earth
D. the first-ever picture of a black hole was revealed in 2019
( ) 39. What do we know about the black hole according to the passage?
A. It is the biggest black hole in the universe.
B. Its mass is 6.5 billion times that of the Sun.
C. It’s an orange ring which looks a bit blurry.
D. It’s 55 million light-years away from the Sun.
( ) 40. According to the passage, the writer __________.
A. is curious about the black hole in the universe
B. wants to live on a bigger planet in the universe
C. thinks humans aren’t able to explore outer space
D. is sure there are more black holes in the universe
( ) 41. What does the writer mean by saying “The news isn’t supposed to be discouraging at all.”?
A. The writer is proud of human beings though we’re tiny.
B. Human beings are too tiny to gain large achievements.
C. Man can learn more about the universe through telescopes.
D. Human beings have learned a lot about the black hole.
D
We never forget when Perronet came to us. It was on a spring afternoon. We never knew who tried to drown Perronet, but David pulled him out of the water and saved his life. People sometimes asked us what kind of dog he was, but we never knew, except that he was the nicest possible kind. Mother said we could not afford him because of the tax (税) and his keep. The tax was five shillings (先令), but it was nearly a year before the time when it must be paid. At last, we decided that all three of us would give up sugar toward saving the cost of his keep. It was the hardest for David because he was fond of sweet things, but then, he was fond of Perronet. So we all gave up sugar, and Perronet was allowed to remain.
We were very happy that summer. The boys were especially happy. The only thing that vexed me was Perronet’s tax money, for months and months went on and we didn’t save it. One day, I found David alone with Perronet in his arms. He was crying, and feeding Perronet with cake. I can’t bear to see boys cry. I begged David to stop, and told him I should certainly think of something.
One day, we were all in school. The schoolmaster told us that there was to be a flower show for the school children this year, and that an old gentleman would give prizes to the best arranged wild flowers. There was to be a first prize of five shillings, and a second prize of a half crown, for the best collection of wild flowers, with their names upon them. I squeezed (挤) David’s arm, and whispered, “Five shillings!”
I thought I could never get my lessons that day, for all day I was thinking about Perronet’s tax money. At night, I said to them, “Look here! I’ll make a collection of flowers. You two can make a collection of mosses (苔藓). There are ten kinds of mosses by the river, and we have names of our own for them.” The boys agreed. Richard made me a box. We put wet sand at the bottom, then feather moss, and into that I stuck the flowers. I got all the flowers and all the grasses ready and printed the names on pieces of cardboard, to stick in with them. I did not like it when it was done, but Richard praised it and that cheered me. I thought their mosses were beautiful.
The day of the flower show was very hot. When we reached the tent, it was filled with grown-up people. It was very hard work getting about and trying to see the stands with flowers. We kept seeing tickets with “First Prize” and “Second Prize”. It made me feel sick with heat and anxiety to think of them. We had walked slowly all round the tent. We had seen all the cucumbers, onions, lettuce, grapes, long potatoes, round potatoes, and everything else. At last we saw my collection! It had a big label on it, marked “First Prize”, and next to it came the boys’ moss, marked “Second Prize”. We cried, “Perronet is paid for!”
( ) 42. The meaning of the underlined word “vexed” in Paragraph 2 is close to “__________”.
A. surprised B. worried C. pleased D. attracted
( ) 43. Which of the following is the correct order according to the story?
a. The three children decided to give up sugar.
b. The boys won the second prize in the flower show.
c. The writer made a collection of wild flowers.
d. The headmaster told the children about the show.
e. Mother allowed the children to keep Perronet.
A. a-d-c-b-e B. a-e-d-c-b C. e-a-d-c-b D. e-a-d-b-c
( ) 44. The last paragraph tells us that __________.
A. the writer was sure she would win the prize in the show
B. other children’s collections were made of vegetables
C. many school children won prizes in the flower show
D. the children walked slowly to enjoy the collections
( ) 45. From the passage, we know that __________.
A. the children had to save some money if they wanted to keep Perronet
B. the old gentleman wanted to help the children save money for Perronet
C. the children saved money by giving up sugar to pay the tax money
D. David was once seen crying because he couldn’t eat cake any longer
答案
31—33 CCC 34—37 DCBD 38—41 DBAA 42—45 BBCA
