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六、阅读理解
William Shakespeare is one of the most famous writers in the world. He wrote many plays. He was born in Stratford, England, in 1564. He came from a rich family. But when he was fifteen, his family became poor because his father lost all his money. William was not able to study at school, so he left and got a job.
At that time, theatres began to open in London. William decided to move to London and soon found work as an actor. Actors often helped to write the plays as well as act them. That was how William discovered that he was good at writing.
At that time, many explorers travelled around the world and brought back stories of adventures and new discoveries(发现). These gave William lots of ideas for his plays. Queen Elizabeth liked William’s plays so much that she asked him to write one specially for her.
At that time, the stage was in the middle and the audience stood all around it. If people didn’t like the play, they threw things like tomatoes to the actors! Luckily, people loved William’s plays. His plays were very exciting. They made people think about the right and wrong ways to do and called on people to show true love.
()1. Why did William Shakespeare leave school at the age of fifteen?
A. Because he wanted to get a job.
B. Because he wanted to become an actor.
C. Because his family refused to pay for his study.
D. Because his family was too poor to let him go to school.
()2. How did William discover that he was good at writing?
A. By acting as an actor in school.
B. By writing and acting plays.
C. By studying in theatres.
D. By reading books.
()3. What does the underlined word “These” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Stories of adventures and new discoveries.
B. The great power of English travellers.
C. Those plays for Queen Elizabeth.
D. William’s famous plays.
()4. What can we know from the passage?
A. William was quite popular at that time.
B. William’s plays were meaningless at first.
C. William wrote plays with his friends’ help.
D. William’s plays were written for Queen Elizabeth.
William Shakespeare is one of the most famous writers in the world. He wrote many plays. He was born in Stratford, England, in 1564. He came from a rich family. But when he was fifteen, his family became poor because his father lost all his money. William was not able to study at school, so he left and got a job.
At that time, theatres began to open in London. William decided to move to London and soon found work as an actor. Actors often helped to write the plays as well as act them. That was how William discovered that he was good at writing.
At that time, many explorers travelled around the world and brought back stories of adventures and new discoveries(发现). These gave William lots of ideas for his plays. Queen Elizabeth liked William’s plays so much that she asked him to write one specially for her.
At that time, the stage was in the middle and the audience stood all around it. If people didn’t like the play, they threw things like tomatoes to the actors! Luckily, people loved William’s plays. His plays were very exciting. They made people think about the right and wrong ways to do and called on people to show true love.
()1. Why did William Shakespeare leave school at the age of fifteen?
A. Because he wanted to get a job.
B. Because he wanted to become an actor.
C. Because his family refused to pay for his study.
D. Because his family was too poor to let him go to school.
()2. How did William discover that he was good at writing?
A. By acting as an actor in school.
B. By writing and acting plays.
C. By studying in theatres.
D. By reading books.
()3. What does the underlined word “These” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Stories of adventures and new discoveries.
B. The great power of English travellers.
C. Those plays for Queen Elizabeth.
D. William’s famous plays.
()4. What can we know from the passage?
A. William was quite popular at that time.
B. William’s plays were meaningless at first.
C. William wrote plays with his friends’ help.
D. William’s plays were written for Queen Elizabeth.
答案
1—4 DBAA
解析
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“But when he was fifteen, his family became poor because his father lost all his money. William was not able to study at school, so he left and got a job.”可知，莎士比亚15岁离开学校是因为家庭变穷，无法继续供他上学。A选项是离校后的行为而非原因；B选项成为演员是后续经历；C选项“家庭拒绝支付学费”与原文不符，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据第二段“William decided to move to London and soon found work as an actor. Actors often helped to write the plays as well as act them. That was how William discovered that he was good at writing.”可知，莎士比亚通过担任演员并参与剧本创作的过程发现自己擅长写作，故选B。其余选项均不符合原文描述。
3. 第3题：根据第三段“many explorers travelled around the world and brought back stories of adventures and new discoveries. These gave William lots of ideas for his plays.”可知，“These”指代前文提到的“stories of adventures and new discoveries”，故选A。其他选项均不是“These”的指代内容。
4. 第4题：根据最后一段“Luckily, people loved William’s plays.”以及第三段“Queen Elizabeth liked William’s plays so much that she asked him to write one specially for her.”可推断出莎士比亚在当时很受欢迎。B选项“剧本无意义”与原文“made people think about the right and wrong ways to do and called on people to show true love”不符；C选项“和朋友合作写剧本”原文未提及；D选项“只为伊丽莎白女王写剧本”错误，仅女王曾让他专门写一部，并非所有剧本，故选A。
【答案】
1—4 DBAA
【知识点】
细节理解题，代词指代题，推理判断题
【点评】
本文介绍了莎士比亚的生平经历与创作契机，题目侧重考查学生对文本细节的定位、理解能力及代词指代的判断能力，需学生精准研读原文信息作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题：根据第一段“But when he was fifteen, his family became poor because his father lost all his money. William was not able to study at school, so he left and got a job.”可知，莎士比亚15岁离开学校是因为家庭变穷，无法继续供他上学。A选项是离校后的行为而非原因；B选项成为演员是后续经历；C选项“家庭拒绝支付学费”与原文不符，故选D。
2. 第2题：根据第二段“William decided to move to London and soon found work as an actor. Actors often helped to write the plays as well as act them. That was how William discovered that he was good at writing.”可知，莎士比亚通过担任演员并参与剧本创作的过程发现自己擅长写作，故选B。其余选项均不符合原文描述。
3. 第3题：根据第三段“many explorers travelled around the world and brought back stories of adventures and new discoveries. These gave William lots of ideas for his plays.”可知，“These”指代前文提到的“stories of adventures and new discoveries”，故选A。其他选项均不是“These”的指代内容。
4. 第4题：根据最后一段“Luckily, people loved William’s plays.”以及第三段“Queen Elizabeth liked William’s plays so much that she asked him to write one specially for her.”可推断出莎士比亚在当时很受欢迎。B选项“剧本无意义”与原文“made people think about the right and wrong ways to do and called on people to show true love”不符；C选项“和朋友合作写剧本”原文未提及；D选项“只为伊丽莎白女王写剧本”错误，仅女王曾让他专门写一部，并非所有剧本，故选A。
【答案】
1—4 DBAA
【知识点】
细节理解题，代词指代题，推理判断题
【点评】
本文介绍了莎士比亚的生平经历与创作契机，题目侧重考查学生对文本细节的定位、理解能力及代词指代的判断能力，需学生精准研读原文信息作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
audience
audience
n. 观众
答案
n. 观众
解析
【解析】
该单词为名词，常用于指代观看演出、赛事等的人群，中文意思为“观众”。
【答案】
n. 观众
【知识点】
常见名词识记
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的词性与词义，属于英语词汇积累的基础内容，日常多背诵记忆可轻松掌握。
【难度系数】
0.9
该单词为名词，常用于指代观看演出、赛事等的人群，中文意思为“观众”。
【答案】
n. 观众
【知识点】
常见名词识记
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的词性与词义，属于英语词汇积累的基础内容，日常多背诵记忆可轻松掌握。
【难度系数】
0.9
