2026年自主高效练八年级英语下册外研版评议教辅第51页答案
B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
On the steep hills of China, farmers have created a beautiful landscape of steps. These steps are called terraces(梯田). For generations, local 26.
villagers
(村民) have worked on these slopes. They did not fight against the harsh 27.
environment
(生态环境). Instead, they learnt from it. By carefully observing nature, they 28.
found
(找到) a smart way to use every valuable 29.
resource
(资源), like water and soil.
This way of farming is 30.
especially
(尤其) important in the remote countryside. It allows people to 31.
fully
(完全地) grow their food, such as rice and vegetables, on difficult land. The terraces help 32.
store
(贮藏) water from rain and prevent the soil from being washed away. This brilliant 33.
idea
(想法) shows a perfect balance. People changed the land to make it more suitable for life, but they also protected it. They built these green steps without harming the natural world. This harmony between humans and nature is a wonderful 34.
example
(例子) for all of us.

答案

26. villagers 27. environment 28. found 29. resource 30. especially 31. fully 32. store 33. idea 34. example

解析

【分析】
这道题是根据短文语境及汉语提示填写单词的正确形式,需结合句子语法结构(词性、时态、单复数、固定搭配等)确定单词形式。解题思路:先分析每个空在句中的成分,明确所需词性,再结合汉语提示,判断是否需要变形(如名词单复数、动词时态、副词形式等),最终写出正确单词。
【解析】
26. 句意为“当地村民在坡地上劳作”,“村民”对应名词villager,此处指多个村民,用复数形式villagers;
27. 句意为“他们没有对抗恶劣生态环境”,“生态环境”对应名词environment,形容词harsh修饰名词,用原形;
28. 由前文did可知句子为一般过去时,“找到”对应动词find,过去式为found;
29. every后接单数名词,“资源”对应名词resource,用原形;
30. 修饰形容词important需用副词,“尤其”的副词形式为especially;
31. 修饰动词grow需用副词,“完全地”的副词形式为fully;
32. help do sth是固定搭配,“贮藏”对应动词store,用原形;
33. this后接单数名词,“想法”对应名词idea,用原形;
34. a后接单数名词,“例子”对应名词example,用原形。
【答案】
26. villagers 27. environment 28. found 29. resource 30. especially 31. fully 32. store 33. idea 34. example
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、词性转换、名词单复数、动词时态
【点评】
本题为基础的根据汉语提示写单词题型,主要考查核心词汇拼写及基础语法规则,是英语学习的基础题型,适合巩固词汇与语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
七、语法填空
Get out of the car and walk. It's slower but it's the 35.
greenest
(green) way to travel. It's also the most rewarding way to see 36.
a
different city, but remember to wear comfortable shoes.
Cycling is also another good 37.
choice
(choose). Many hotels now offer free bikes to guests. It is convenient 38.
for
people to travel around the city. Some also provide electric bikes that make it easier 39.
to go
(go) up hills. Some cities also have motorbikes. You can pick up one 40.
easily
(easy).
41.
If
it is possible, you can take buses, trains or ships 42.
to travel
(travel) from city to city. They are usually much better for the environment than cars and planes.
When you 43.
are required
(require) to travel only by car in some places, you'd better rent an electric car. Many car rental companies now offer 44.
them
(they). So always ask!

答案

35. greenest 36. a 37. choice 38. for 39. to go 40. easily 41. If 42. to travel 43. are required 44. them

解析

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题,需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空:1. 第35空:空前有定冠词the,表“最环保的方式”,需用形容词最高级;2. 第36空:泛指“一个不同的城市”,可数名词单数前用不定冠词,different以辅音音素开头,用a;3. 第37空:another后需接名词,choose的名词形式为choice;4. 第38空:考查固定句型it's convenient for sb to do sth,需填介词for;5. 第39空:考查固定结构make it + adj. + to do sth,真正宾语为不定式;6. 第40空:修饰动词短语pick up,需用副词;7. 第41空:引导条件状语从句,表“如果”;8. 第42空:表目的,用不定式作目的状语;9. 第43空:主语you与require是被动关系,需用一般现在时被动语态;10. 第44空:作动词offer的宾语,用人称代词宾格。
【解析】
35. 由定冠词the及语境可知,此处需用形容词green的最高级形式,故填greenest;
36. 此处泛指“一个不同的城市”,different以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a;
37. another后接名词,choose的名词形式为choice,故填choice;
38. 固定句型it's convenient for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说做某事方便”,故填for;
39. 固定结构make it easier to do sth中,it为形式宾语,真正宾语是不定式,故填to go;
40. 此处修饰动词短语pick up,需用easy的副词形式easily,故填easily;
41. 此处引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,句首单词首字母大写,故填If;
42. 此处用不定式作目的状语,表示乘坐交通工具的目的,故填to travel;
43. 主语you与动词require是被动关系,时态为一般现在时,被动语态结构为are + 过去分词,故填are required;
44. 此处作动词offer的宾语,需用人称代词they的宾格形式them,故填them。
【答案】
35. greenest 36. a 37. choice 38. for 39. to go 40. easily 41. If 42. to travel 43. are required 44. them
【知识点】
形容词最高级、词性转换、固定句型
【点评】
本题考查英语语法填空的核心基础考点,涵盖形容词最高级、冠词、词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态等知识,需结合语境分析词性与句式,整体难度适中,多数学生可通过掌握基础语法规则正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
词汇拓展 Can you guess the part of speech and the meaning of the underlined words in the passage(s) above?
45. gradually:
adv. 逐渐地

46. vitamin:
n. 维生素

答案

45. adv. 逐渐地 46. n. 维生素

解析

【分析】
本题考查基础英语词汇的词性与词义,需结合平时积累的词汇知识和构词规律判断:首先回忆常见词汇的词性特点,gradually是副词后缀-ly构成的副词,vitamin是表示物质的名词,通过基础词汇积累即可得出答案。
【解析】
45. gradually:该词由形容词gradual加副词后缀-ly构成,在句中作状语修饰动词,词性为副词(adv.),词义为“逐渐地”;
46. vitamin:该词是表示营养类物质的名词,词性为名词(n.),词义为“维生素”。
【答案】
45. adv. 逐渐地 46. n. 维生素
【知识点】
英语词汇词性、英语词汇拓展
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的词性与词义,属于词汇积累的核心基础内容,难度较低,是学生应熟练掌握的知识点。
【难度系数】
0.8