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The European Space Agency ESA, founded in 1975, is an organization working on space travel. It has 10 founding members: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, with 18 member states. ESA has a staff of more than 2,000 and its head office is in Paris.
The budget of ESA was €2.977 billion in 2005, €2.904 billion in 2006 and grew to €3.018 billion in 2008 and €3.600 billion in 2009. Every 3 to 4 years, ESA member states agree on a budget plan for several years at an ESA member states meeting. This plan provides the major guidelines指导方针 for ESA for several years. For example, the major meeting held at the end of 2008 set the budget for the years to 2012.
The 2011 budget chart of ESA is shown on the pie chart below. The section called "Other" includes Technology Development, Space Situational Awareness and Spending related to European Cooperating States.
Many of ESA's member states also have their own space programmes. For example, every year the money France gives to its space agency CNES is twice the amount that it gives to ESA. Several space-related projects are joint projects between national space agencies and ESA. So ESA is not the only space organization in Europe.
258 words
1. Which section will use the most money in the 2011 ESA budget?
A. Science. B. Navigation.
C. Earth Observation. D. Launchers.
2. Which of the following is included in the "Other" section?
A. Space Situational Awareness. B. Robotic Exploration.
C. Telecommunications. D. Human Spaceflight.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. America is one of the founding members of ESA.
B. In 2008, the budget of ESA was €3.600 billion.
C. ESA is the only European space organization.
D. A budget plan is usually made at an ESA member states meeting every 3 to 4 years.
4. What do the underlined words "joint projects" mean according to the passage?
A. Projects worked on by more than one agency.
B. Projects worked on by more than one person.
C. Projects worked on by more than one country.
D. Projects worked on by more than one government.
5. Where can we probably read the passage?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine.
C. In a storybook. D. In a scientist's diary.
The European Space Agency ESA, founded in 1975, is an organization working on space travel. It has 10 founding members: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, with 18 member states. ESA has a staff of more than 2,000 and its head office is in Paris.
The budget of ESA was €2.977 billion in 2005, €2.904 billion in 2006 and grew to €3.018 billion in 2008 and €3.600 billion in 2009. Every 3 to 4 years, ESA member states agree on a budget plan for several years at an ESA member states meeting. This plan provides the major guidelines指导方针 for ESA for several years. For example, the major meeting held at the end of 2008 set the budget for the years to 2012.
The 2011 budget chart of ESA is shown on the pie chart below. The section called "Other" includes Technology Development, Space Situational Awareness and Spending related to European Cooperating States.
Many of ESA's member states also have their own space programmes. For example, every year the money France gives to its space agency CNES is twice the amount that it gives to ESA. Several space-related projects are joint projects between national space agencies and ESA. So ESA is not the only space organization in Europe.
258 words
1. Which section will use the most money in the 2011 ESA budget?
A. Science. B. Navigation.
C. Earth Observation. D. Launchers.
2. Which of the following is included in the "Other" section?
A. Space Situational Awareness. B. Robotic Exploration.
C. Telecommunications. D. Human Spaceflight.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. America is one of the founding members of ESA.
B. In 2008, the budget of ESA was €3.600 billion.
C. ESA is the only European space organization.
D. A budget plan is usually made at an ESA member states meeting every 3 to 4 years.
4. What do the underlined words "joint projects" mean according to the passage?
A. Projects worked on by more than one agency.
B. Projects worked on by more than one person.
C. Projects worked on by more than one country.
D. Projects worked on by more than one government.
5. Where can we probably read the passage?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine.
C. In a storybook. D. In a scientist's diary.
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B
解析
【分析】本题是关于欧洲空间局（ESA）的阅读理解题，结合文本内容与饼图信息设置题目，需通过定位原文细节、分析图表数据、猜测词义来解答各小题，解题时要准确提取关键信息，区分干扰项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：观察饼图可知，Earth Observation的预算为€843.9m，占比21.1%，是所有项目中预算最高的，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：原文明确说明“Other”部分包含“Space Situational Awareness”，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：A项原文 founding members中无美国；B项2008年ESA预算为€3.018billion，€3.600billion是2009年的预算；C项原文指出“ESA is not the only space organization in Europe”；D项与原文“Every 3 to 4 years, ESA member states agree on a budget plan... at an ESA member states meeting”完全一致，故选D。
4. 词义猜测题：“joint projects”后说明是“between national space agencies and ESA”，即多个空间机构合作的项目，对应选项A。
5. 推理判断题：文章介绍ESA的组织架构、预算等科普内容，最可能出现在杂志中，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，词义猜测
【点评】本题结合文本与图表考查学生信息定位和分析能力，题目难度适中，需仔细核对原文细节避开干扰项。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：观察饼图可知，Earth Observation的预算为€843.9m，占比21.1%，是所有项目中预算最高的，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：原文明确说明“Other”部分包含“Space Situational Awareness”，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：A项原文 founding members中无美国；B项2008年ESA预算为€3.018billion，€3.600billion是2009年的预算；C项原文指出“ESA is not the only space organization in Europe”；D项与原文“Every 3 to 4 years, ESA member states agree on a budget plan... at an ESA member states meeting”完全一致，故选D。
4. 词义猜测题：“joint projects”后说明是“between national space agencies and ESA”，即多个空间机构合作的项目，对应选项A。
5. 推理判断题：文章介绍ESA的组织架构、预算等科普内容，最可能出现在杂志中，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，词义猜测
【点评】本题结合文本与图表考查学生信息定位和分析能力，题目难度适中，需仔细核对原文细节避开干扰项。
【难度系数】0.6
