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第二节 短文填空(共11小题,每小题1分,满分11分)
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
dying terrible changeable read high
possible flood lucky it as although
My love of nature started ten years ago. I was 85 when a typhoon came. It was the first time that I came across a disaster. 86 ,no one was hurt.
Nature shows 87 in many ways. One of its most terrible forms is a kind of storm known 88 a typhoon, cyclone or hurricane. It has different names in different areas!
89 the storm doesn't seem so huge far away, it can stretch(延伸) over 900 kilometres. The storm can reach a 90 of up to 15 kilometres. When the storm reaches the land,it's 91 for it to bring heavy rains. And the heavy rains often cause 92 and wash away buildings. A new study shows that,compared with the speed 70 years ago,the speed of many storms now is 93 down. As a result,they bring more and more rain to the land.
If we don't do something for nature,we will have to face a more 94 situation. Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along with the 95 nature.
85.
89.
93.
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
dying terrible changeable read high
possible flood lucky it as although
My love of nature started ten years ago. I was 85 when a typhoon came. It was the first time that I came across a disaster. 86 ,no one was hurt.
Nature shows 87 in many ways. One of its most terrible forms is a kind of storm known 88 a typhoon, cyclone or hurricane. It has different names in different areas!
89 the storm doesn't seem so huge far away, it can stretch(延伸) over 900 kilometres. The storm can reach a 90 of up to 15 kilometres. When the storm reaches the land,it's 91 for it to bring heavy rains. And the heavy rains often cause 92 and wash away buildings. A new study shows that,compared with the speed 70 years ago,the speed of many storms now is 93 down. As a result,they bring more and more rain to the land.
If we don't do something for nature,we will have to face a more 94 situation. Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along with the 95 nature.
85.
reading
86. Luckily
87. itself
88. as
89.
Although
90. height
91. possible
92. floods
93.
dying
94. terrible
95. changeable
答案
85. reading
86. Luckily
87. itself
88. as
89. Although
90. height
91. possible
92. floods
93. dying
94. terrible
95. changeable
86. Luckily
87. itself
88. as
89. Although
90. height
91. possible
92. floods
93. dying
94. terrible
95. changeable
解析
【分析】
首先明确方框内备选单词：dying、terrible、changeable、read、high、possible、flood、lucky、it、as、although，需结合语境、固定搭配、词性变化逐一填空。
85题：结合语境“台风来的时候我正在做某事”，需用过去进行时，对应备选词read的现在分词形式；
86题：台风来临却无人受伤，表“幸运的是”，需用副词作句首状语；
87题：主语是Nature，需用反身代词指代自身；
88题：固定搭配“be known as”表示“被称为”，需填介词；
89题：前后句是让步关系，需用让步连词引导从句；
90题：固定搭配“reach a height of”表示“达到……的高度”，需将形容词high转换为名词；
91题：固定句型“it's possible for sth to do sth”表示“某物做某事是可能的”，需填形容词；
92题：大雨引发洪水，flood是可数名词，此处泛指用复数；
93题：固定短语“die down”表示“逐渐减弱”，此处用现在分词构成现在进行时；
94题：修饰名词situation，需用形容词；
95题：修饰名词nature，需用形容词。
【解析】
1. 85题：过去进行时结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，结合语境“当台风来临时我正在阅读”，故填read的现在分词reading；
2. 86题：句首作状语，表“幸运地”，用lucky的副词形式Luckily；
3. 87题：指代主语Nature本身，用it的反身代词itself；
4. 88题：固定搭配“be known as”（被称为），填as；
5. 89题：前后句为让步关系，用Although引导让步状语从句；
6. 90题：固定搭配“reach a height of”（达到……的高度），将形容词high转换为名词height；
7. 91题：固定句型“it's possible for sth to do sth”，填形容词possible；
8. 92题：大雨引发洪水，flood为可数名词，此处泛指用复数floods；
9. 93题：固定短语“die down”（逐渐减弱），此处用现在分词dying与is构成现在进行时；
10. 94题：修饰名词situation，填形容词terrible；
11. 95题：修饰名词nature，填形容词changeable。
【答案】
85. reading 86. Luckily 87. itself 88. as 89. Although 90. height 91. possible 92. floods 93. dying 94. terrible 95. changeable
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题为短文填空，需结合语境、固定搭配及词性转换解题，考查学生对词汇的灵活运用能力，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
首先明确方框内备选单词：dying、terrible、changeable、read、high、possible、flood、lucky、it、as、although，需结合语境、固定搭配、词性变化逐一填空。
85题：结合语境“台风来的时候我正在做某事”，需用过去进行时，对应备选词read的现在分词形式；
86题：台风来临却无人受伤，表“幸运的是”，需用副词作句首状语；
87题：主语是Nature，需用反身代词指代自身；
88题：固定搭配“be known as”表示“被称为”，需填介词；
89题：前后句是让步关系，需用让步连词引导从句；
90题：固定搭配“reach a height of”表示“达到……的高度”，需将形容词high转换为名词；
91题：固定句型“it's possible for sth to do sth”表示“某物做某事是可能的”，需填形容词；
92题：大雨引发洪水，flood是可数名词，此处泛指用复数；
93题：固定短语“die down”表示“逐渐减弱”，此处用现在分词构成现在进行时；
94题：修饰名词situation，需用形容词；
95题：修饰名词nature，需用形容词。
【解析】
1. 85题：过去进行时结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，结合语境“当台风来临时我正在阅读”，故填read的现在分词reading；
2. 86题：句首作状语，表“幸运地”，用lucky的副词形式Luckily；
3. 87题：指代主语Nature本身，用it的反身代词itself；
4. 88题：固定搭配“be known as”（被称为），填as；
5. 89题：前后句为让步关系，用Although引导让步状语从句；
6. 90题：固定搭配“reach a height of”（达到……的高度），将形容词high转换为名词height；
7. 91题：固定句型“it's possible for sth to do sth”，填形容词possible；
8. 92题：大雨引发洪水，flood为可数名词，此处泛指用复数floods；
9. 93题：固定短语“die down”（逐渐减弱），此处用现在分词dying与is构成现在进行时；
10. 94题：修饰名词situation，填形容词terrible；
11. 95题：修饰名词nature，填形容词changeable。
【答案】
85. reading 86. Luckily 87. itself 88. as 89. Although 90. height 91. possible 92. floods 93. dying 94. terrible 95. changeable
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题为短文填空，需结合语境、固定搭配及词性转换解题，考查学生对词汇的灵活运用能力，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅶ.书面表达(满分20分)
假如你是王洁,你的外国朋友Jenny要来中国。她发电子邮件想向你了解中国的就餐文化,请你回复她。
要求:1.用电子邮件格式,80—120词;
2.文中勿使用真实学校名称和姓名。
假如你是王洁,你的外国朋友Jenny要来中国。她发电子邮件想向你了解中国的就餐文化,请你回复她。
要求:1.用电子邮件格式,80—120词;
2.文中勿使用真实学校名称和姓名。
答案
One possible version:
Dear Jenny,
I'm so glad you're coming to China! Before you come,you should know about table manners in our country. Here is some advice.
If you're invited to a dinner,there will be a lot of different dishes,not just three courses. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks unless you have tried before. It's a good idea to get some practice as soon as you decide to come.
When the food is served,you should wait until you're invited to eat. The plates will be placed in the middle of the table for everyone to share. Take a little of everything and then have some more of the things you like. During the meal,you should say how much you like it so that the host knows your appreciation.
I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions.
Yours,
Wang Jie
Dear Jenny,
I'm so glad you're coming to China! Before you come,you should know about table manners in our country. Here is some advice.
If you're invited to a dinner,there will be a lot of different dishes,not just three courses. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks unless you have tried before. It's a good idea to get some practice as soon as you decide to come.
When the food is served,you should wait until you're invited to eat. The plates will be placed in the middle of the table for everyone to share. Take a little of everything and then have some more of the things you like. During the meal,you should say how much you like it so that the host knows your appreciation.
I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions.
Yours,
Wang Jie
解析
【分析】本题为英语书面表达题，要求以王洁的身份给外国朋友Jenny回复邮件，介绍中国就餐文化。解题思路：①牢记电子邮件格式（称呼、正文、结尾署名）；②围绕中国就餐文化的核心要点（如餐具使用、用餐礼仪）展开，内容贴合要求；③控制字数在80-120词，语言自然流畅，符合朋友间交流的语气，且不得使用真实学校和姓名。
【解析】写作时先按邮件格式开篇，称呼“Dear Jenny”，点明来信目的是介绍中国就餐文化；接着分述关键内容：一是中国宴席菜肴丰富，建议提前练习使用筷子；二是用餐时需等主人邀请再进食，菜肴共享，要表达对食物的喜爱；最后结尾表达愿意提供更多帮助，署名“Wang Jie”。需注意用词准确，语句通顺，符合字数要求。
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jenny,
I'm so glad you're coming to China! Before you come,you should know about table manners in our country. Here is some advice.
If you're invited to a dinner,there will be a lot of different dishes,not just three courses. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks unless you have tried before. It's a good idea to get some practice as soon as you decide to come.
When the food is served,you should wait until you're invited to eat. The plates will be placed in the middle of the table for everyone to share. Take a little of everything and then have some more of the things you like. During the meal,you should say how much you like it so that the host knows your appreciation.
I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions.
Yours,
Wang Jie
【知识点】英语应用文写作、中国餐桌文化、英语书面表达
【点评】本题结合文化传播与英语写作，考查学生的应用文写作能力，要求学生在掌握邮件格式的基础上，准确介绍中国就餐礼仪，兼具语言性与文化性，符合英语学科核心素养的培养要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】写作时先按邮件格式开篇，称呼“Dear Jenny”，点明来信目的是介绍中国就餐文化；接着分述关键内容：一是中国宴席菜肴丰富，建议提前练习使用筷子；二是用餐时需等主人邀请再进食，菜肴共享，要表达对食物的喜爱；最后结尾表达愿意提供更多帮助，署名“Wang Jie”。需注意用词准确，语句通顺，符合字数要求。
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jenny,
I'm so glad you're coming to China! Before you come,you should know about table manners in our country. Here is some advice.
If you're invited to a dinner,there will be a lot of different dishes,not just three courses. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks unless you have tried before. It's a good idea to get some practice as soon as you decide to come.
When the food is served,you should wait until you're invited to eat. The plates will be placed in the middle of the table for everyone to share. Take a little of everything and then have some more of the things you like. During the meal,you should say how much you like it so that the host knows your appreciation.
I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions.
Yours,
Wang Jie
【知识点】英语应用文写作、中国餐桌文化、英语书面表达
【点评】本题结合文化传播与英语写作，考查学生的应用文写作能力，要求学生在掌握邮件格式的基础上，准确介绍中国就餐礼仪，兼具语言性与文化性，符合英语学科核心素养的培养要求。
【难度系数】0.6
