一、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1. Many students don't (理解) that rules help them to become better.
2. Can you give me some (建议) on how to learn English well?
3. That little boy often (打架) with his mother about his homework.
4. Gina is a (乐于助人的) girl, and she is ready to help others.
5. That old man often (放松) himself by doing Chinese kung fu.

一、1. understand 2. advice 3. fights 4. helpful 5. relaxes

【分析】
本题为根据句意及汉语提示填单词的题型，解题思路为：①先明确每个句子的语境，确定所需单词的汉语含义；②结合句子的语法规则（如助动词后接动词原形、主谓一致、形容词修饰名词等），判断单词的正确形式；③最后核对单词拼写，确保符合要求。
【解析】
1. 句意为“很多学生不理解规则帮助他们变得更好”，“理解”对应单词understand，助动词don't后接动词原形，故填understand。
2. 句意为“你能给我一些关于学好英语的建议吗”，“建议”对应单词advice，为不可数名词，some后接原形，故填advice。
3. 句意为“那个小男孩经常因为作业和妈妈打架”，“打架”对应单词fight，主语为第三人称单数that little boy，且由often可知用一般现在时，动词需变第三人称单数形式，故填fights。
4. 句意为“吉娜是个乐于助人的女孩，她乐于助人”，“乐于助人的”对应单词helpful，为形容词，修饰名词girl，故填helpful。
5. 句意为“那个老人经常通过练中国功夫放松自己”，“放松”对应单词relax，主语为第三人称单数that old man，且由often可知用一般现在时，动词需变第三人称单数形式，故填relaxes。
【答案】
1. understand 2. advice 3. fights 4. helpful 5. relaxes
【知识点】
英语单词拼写；动词时态；形容词与名词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写及在句子中的形式变化，属于英语学习的基础题型，主要巩固核心词汇的运用，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.5

二、在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. That little boy practises (read) English every day.
2. Fu Xing likes to read books and he (know) a lot about Chinese history.
3. As a student, he (focus) on his learning and studies hard.
4. Tom often gets his desk (tidy) which makes his mother angry.
5. You can play computer games after school, only after you finish your homework.
6. Look! There is uniform on the playground. Whose is it?
7. Can you help me my English? I don't know how to read English well.
8. It's polite to say "please" when you ask help.
9. Mary can get along well others in her class and everyone likes her.
10. That boy is kind his classmates and they often play together.

二、1. reading 2. knows 3. focuses 4. untidy 5. but 6. a 7. with 8. for 9. with 10. to

【分析】
本题为英语基础填空题，需结合固定搭配、时态、冠词用法等知识点解题：1. 考查固定搭配practise doing sth；2、3题考查一般现在时第三人称单数谓语变化；4题考查“get+宾语+形容词”结构及形容词反义词；5题考查转折连词；6题考查不定冠词用法；7、8、9、10题考查固定短语搭配，需逐一对应知识点分析。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配practise doing sth，故read变为动名词reading；
2. 主语he为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式，故know变为knows；
3. 主语he为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式，focus的三单形式为focuses；
4. “get+宾语+形容词”作宾补，结合“让妈妈生气”的语境，需用tidy的反义词untidy；
5. 前后句为转折关系，用连词but；
6. uniform以辅音音素开头，单数可数名词前用不定冠词a；
7. 固定搭配help sb with sth，故填with；
8. 固定短语ask for help，故填for；
9. 固定搭配get along well with sb，故填with；
10. 固定搭配be kind to sb，故填to。
【答案】
1. reading 2. knows 3. focuses 4. untidy 5. but 6. a 7. with 8. for 9. with 10. to
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、一般现在时、冠词用法
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，核心考查常用固定搭配、基础时态及冠词用法，知识点均为日常学习的重点内容，难度较低，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

三、句子翻译
1. 你能给我一些建议吗？

2. 在家我不得不遵守太多的规则。

3. 周末我必须练习拉小提琴。

4. 在班级里，我们必须同他人好好相处。

5. 当你缺课时，你必须告诉老师。

三、1. Can you give me some advice?
2. I have to follow too many rules at home.
3. I have to practise playing the violin on/at weekends.
4. We must get along/on well with others in the class.
5. You have to tell your teacher when you are absent from classes.

【分析】本题为英语句子翻译题，解题思路为：1. 先判断句子类型（疑问句/陈述句/时间状语从句）；2. 找准对应中文含义的英语固定搭配（如give sb. sth.、follow rules、practise doing sth.等）；3. 注意细节：疑问句表请求时用some而非any，情态动词（can、have to、must）的正确使用，时间/地点状语的位置，以及固定短语的正确形式（如play the violin、get along well with等）。
【解析】1. 中文是请求对方给予建议，用情态动词can引导疑问句，“建议”是不可数名词advice，故译为Can you give me some advice?；2. “不得不”用have to，“遵守规则”是follow rules，“太多”修饰可数名词复数用too many，地点状语“在家”放句末，故译为I have to follow too many rules at home.；3. “练习做某事”是practise doing sth.，“拉小提琴”是play the violin，时间状语“周末”用on/at weekends，故译为I have to practise playing the violin on/at weekends.；4. “同他人好好相处”是get along/on well with others，地点状语“在班级里”放句末，故译为We must get along/on well with others in the class.；5. 用when引导时间状语从句，“缺课”是be absent from classes，故译为You have to tell your teacher when you are absent from classes.
【答案】三、1. Can you give me some advice?
2. I have to follow too many rules at home.
3. I have to practise playing the violin on/at weekends.
4. We must get along/on well with others in the class.
5. You have to tell your teacher when you are absent from classes.
【知识点】英语句子翻译、情态动词用法、固定短语搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础翻译，涉及日常交际用语、情态动词及常用固定搭配，是英语学习的基础题型，需准确掌握核心短语和句式结构，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8

一、阅读短文，选择正确答案
"It's sunny today," says Mrs Dodd, "Let's go to the beach!" Soon, Nathan with his mum gets to the beach.
"What is the first rule to remember at the beach?" Mrs Dodd asks.
"Always go to the beach with an adult (成年人)," answers Nathan. "You are right!" says Mrs Dodd.
"What can you see about the two girls?" Mum asks, looking at the girls standing by the sea.
"Each girl is wearing a life vest (马甲) and swimming with a friend," says Nathan. "They are safe in the water. If one is in trouble (困难), the other can call for help."
Mrs Dodd opens the umbrella and spreads sunblock (涂防晒霜) on Nathan's body. Nathan starts to play on the beach happily.
Nathan sees a man sitting in a tall chair. He knows that the man will help these swimmers when they are in trouble. Seeing the man makes Nathan feel safe.
Today Nathan has a good time at the beach.
1. What's the first rule at the beach according to the text? ()
A. To take all the things.
B. To go on a sunny day.
C. To go with an adult.
D. To wear a life vest.
2. What's the job of the man sitting in a tall chair? ()
A. A nurse.
B. A worker.
C. A swimming helper.
D. A doctor.
3. What's the right order according to the text? ()
a. Mrs Dodd opens the umbrella.
b. Mrs Dodd asks Nathan about some rules.
c. Nathan and his mother get to the beach.
d. Nathan sees a man sitting in a tall chair.
A. a—d—b—c
B. c—b—a—d
C. b—d—a—c
D. d—a—b—c
4. Which one is TRUE according to the text? ()
A. Nathan and her dad go to the beach.
B. Nathan goes to the beach himself.
C. Mrs Dodd spreads sunblock on Nathan's body.
D. Mrs Dodd doesn't take an umbrella.

一、1—4 CCBC

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的细节查找类题目，解题思路是先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，选出正确答案。
【解析】1. 第1题：根据原文中“Mrs Dodd asks, 'What is the first rule to remember at the beach?' Nathan answers, 'Always go to the beach with an adult'”，可知海滩的第一条规则是和成年人一起去，对应选项C。
2. 第2题：根据原文“Nathan sees a man sitting in a tall chair. He knows that the man will help these swimmers when they are in trouble”，可知该男子的工作是帮助游泳者，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：梳理原文事件顺序：①Nathan和妈妈到达海滩（c）；②妈妈询问海滩规则（b）；③妈妈打开伞并给Nathan涂防晒霜（a）；④Nathan看到高椅子上的男子（d），顺序为c—b—a—d，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：根据原文“Mrs Dodd opens the umbrella and spreads sunblock on Nathan's body”，可知C选项正确；A选项中是妈妈而非爸爸，B选项中Nathan和妈妈一起去，D选项中妈妈带了伞，均错误，对应选项C。
【答案】1—4 CCBC
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解
【点评】本题主要考查学生对英语短文细节信息的定位与匹配能力，题目难度适中，只要认真阅读原文即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.7