C 实验班原创 基因与朋友之间的关系
阅读短文回答问题。(每题答案不超过 10 个单词)
Do you have good friends? Do you sometimes feel so close to them that they are like family to you?
It turns out that this isn't just an expression. A study by Yale University has found that you and your friends have more genes(基因) in common than strangers do. Researchers looked at the genes of 1,932 people and compared them in pairs of unrelated friends and strangers. They found that friends have 1% of genes that match.
"1% of genes may not sound like much to the layperson(外行), but to geneticists(遗传学家) it is a larger number," Professor Nicholas Christakis of Yale University told Discovery News. In fact, this is the same amount of genes you share with your fourth cousins, those who have the same great-great-great grandparents as you.
So do you happen to become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution(进化) that brings you together. "People who share certain genes also share skills and have common likes and dislikes," researchers said. In the old days, it was important that people who were alike stayed together. For example, people who were easily influenced by the cold were more likely to help each other build a fire, giving them a better chance to stay alive.
Researchers also found that among all the genes studied, those producing a change in the sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to the same environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes (咖啡馆) more often and as a result are more likely to meet and become friends with each other.
With their findings, the team has developed an interesting test called the "friendship score". It can help tell how big the chances are that two people will be friends by studying their genes.
So, here is a question for you: Would you like to take this test and know in advance(提前) who your friends are going to be, or would you still prefer to learn about it by yourself and let time be the judge?
1. How much genes do friends match?

2. What brings people with similar genes together?

3. Which genes are most similar among friends?

4. What's the "friendship score" used for?

1. Friends have 1% of matching genes.
2. Evolution brings them together.
3. Genes for the sense of smell.
4. It can tell two people's friendship chances.

【分析】
这是一篇科普类细节阅读题，作答思路很清晰：首先圈出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回原文精准定位对应语句，再从定位句里提取核心信息，最后按照题目要求把答案精简到10个单词以内，确保内容准确符合原文表述即可，不需要额外自行发挥。
【解析】
1. 定位题干关键词"How much genes do friends match"，找到原文第二段末尾的对应句"They found that friends have 1% of genes that match"，提取核心信息得到答案。
2. 定位题干关键词"brings people with similar genes together"，找到原文第四段对应句"In fact, it is evolution(进化) that brings you together"，提取核心主体得到答案。
3. 定位题干关键词"Which genes are most similar among friends"，找到原文第五段开头的对应句"those producing a change in the sense of smell were the most similar in friends"，精简得到答案。
4. 定位题干关键词"friendship score"，找到原文倒数第二段对应句"It can help tell how big the chances are that two people will be friends by studying their genes"，精简核心用途得到答案。
【答案】
1. Friends have 1% of matching genes.
2. Evolution brings them together.
3. Genes for the sense of smell.
4. It can tell two people's friendship chances.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，信息提炼整合
【点评】
本题属于低难度的科普类阅读题，所有考点都对应原文明确给出的细节内容，只需要学生掌握题干关键词回文定位的技巧，同时注意题干要求的答案字数限制，对原文信息做简单精简即可得分，不容易出现理解偏差类错误。
【难度系数】
0.8