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D. 短文理解(本题共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
听短文,选择正确的答案。短文读两遍。
(
A. A great chemist.
B. A famous scientist.
C. An inspiring soldier.
(
A. In 1896.
B. In 1901.
C. In 1989.
(
A. The Qiantang River Bridge.
B. The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.
C. The first railway bridge in the world.
(
A. By building schools.
B. By giving speeches on the radio.
C. By writing books and teaching.
(
A. Because he made a lot of money.
B. Because he travelled around the world.
C. Because his spirit of hard work continues to inspire people.
听短文,选择正确的答案。短文读两遍。
(
B
)16. Who is the speaker talking about?A. A great chemist.
B. A famous scientist.
C. An inspiring soldier.
(
A
)17. When was Mao Yisheng born?A. In 1896.
B. In 1901.
C. In 1989.
(
A
)18. What famous bridge did Mao Yisheng independently design?A. The Qiantang River Bridge.
B. The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.
C. The first railway bridge in the world.
(
C
)19. How did Mao Yisheng share knowledge with young people?A. By building schools.
B. By giving speeches on the radio.
C. By writing books and teaching.
(
C
)20. Why is Mao Yisheng still remembered today?A. Because he made a lot of money.
B. Because he travelled around the world.
C. Because his spirit of hard work continues to inspire people.
答案
16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. C
Ⅱ.完形填空(本题共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa,Italy,in 1564. His father taught music his mother cared for the kids at home. The family was not,but Galileo's parents paid for him to go to school.
At first,Galileo planned to become a doctor,but he his mind. He liked a different kind of science—physics. Galileo was very about the sky and the stars. He was one of the first people to use a telescope(望远镜) to study space. his telescope,he made many amazing discoveries. For example,he that the moon has mountains and craters(坑) on its surface,just like Earth. He also found that four big go around Jupiter. Now,these moons are called the Galilean moons.
One of Galileo's most important was that Earth moves around the sun. This was very new at that time. Although few people believed him,he didn't. In fact,some people felt very upset because they thought Earth was the point of the universe. But Galileo kept studying to that he was right.
Besides,Galileo also studied how things move. He did experiments with balls rolling down slopes(斜坡) and found that fall with the same acceleration,no matter how heavy they are. It was an important discovery in physics!
Even though he faced many,Galileo never stopped exploring and asking questions. What's more,his work helped us understand the universe better and many scientists who came after him.
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Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa,Italy,in 1564. His father taught music his mother cared for the kids at home. The family was not,but Galileo's parents paid for him to go to school.
At first,Galileo planned to become a doctor,but he his mind. He liked a different kind of science—physics. Galileo was very about the sky and the stars. He was one of the first people to use a telescope(望远镜) to study space. his telescope,he made many amazing discoveries. For example,he that the moon has mountains and craters(坑) on its surface,just like Earth. He also found that four big go around Jupiter. Now,these moons are called the Galilean moons.
One of Galileo's most important was that Earth moves around the sun. This was very new at that time. Although few people believed him,he didn't. In fact,some people felt very upset because they thought Earth was the point of the universe. But Galileo kept studying to that he was right.
Besides,Galileo also studied how things move. He did experiments with balls rolling down slopes(斜坡) and found that fall with the same acceleration,no matter how heavy they are. It was an important discovery in physics!
Even though he faced many,Galileo never stopped exploring and asking questions. What's more,his work helped us understand the universe better and many scientists who came after him.
(
B
)21. A. if B. while C. or(
C
)22. A. worthy B. large C. rich(
A
)23. A. changed B. separated C. kept(
B
)24. A. nervous B. curious C. careful(
C
)25. A. Above B. As C. With(
A
)26. A. discovered B. published C. reviewed(
C
)27. A. rocks B. rings C. moons(
A
)28. A. ideas B. messages C. memories(
B
)29. A. take up B. give up C. sign up(
B
)30. A. strange B. central C. whole(
C
)31. A. believe B. warn C. prove(
C
)32. A. power B. files C. objects(
A
)33. A. quite B. nearly C. even(
A
)34. A. challenges B. characters C. benefits(
C
)35. A. followed B. protected C. influenced答案
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“通读全文→把握主旨→逐题分析→验证答案”的思路：首先通读全文，明确文章围绕伽利略的生平与科学贡献展开；接着针对每个空，结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系（如并列、转折）筛选选项；最后代入答案通读，检查逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
21. 考查连词辨析。while可表“而，与此同时”，连接父母的两个并列动作（父亲教音乐、母亲照顾孩子），符合语境；if表“如果”，or表“或者”，均不合适，故选B。
22. 考查形容词辨析。rich意为“富裕的”，结合后文“父母仍供他上学”，可知家庭不富裕，符合逻辑；worthy（值得的）、large（大的）不符合语境，故选C。
23. 考查固定搭配。change one's mind是固定短语，意为“改变主意”，此处指伽利略原本想当医生，后来改变想法，故选A。
24. 考查固定搭配。be curious about是固定短语，意为“对……好奇”，符合“伽利略对天空和星星感兴趣”的语境，故选B。
25. 考查介词辨析。with表“用（工具）”，此处指用望远镜完成发现，符合用法；above（在……上方）、as（作为）不合适，故选C。
26. 考查动词辨析。discover意为“发现”，指找到原本存在但未被知晓的事物，此处指发现月球上的山和坑，符合语境；publish（出版）、review（复习）不符合，故选A。
27. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“these moons are called the Galilean moons”可知，此处指木星的四颗卫星，故选C。
28. 考查名词辨析。idea意为“观点”，“地球绕太阳转”是伽利略的重要观点；message（信息）、memory（记忆）不符合，故选A。
29. 考查动词短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”，结合前文“很少有人相信他”，可知他没有放弃；take up（开始从事）、sign up（报名）不合适，故选B。
30. 考查形容词辨析。central意为“中心的”，此处指当时人们认为地球是宇宙的中心，符合常识；strange（奇怪的）、whole（整个的）不符合，故选B。
31. 考查动词辨析。prove意为“证明”，指伽利略继续研究来证明自己的观点正确，符合语境；believe（相信）、warn（警告）不合适，故选C。
32. 考查名词辨析。object意为“物体”，此处指不同重量的物体下落加速度相同，符合物理常识；power（力量）、file（文件）不符合，故选C。
33. 考查副词辨析。quite意为“相当”，修饰形容词important表程度，符合“这是相当重要的发现”的语境；nearly（几乎）、even（甚至）不合适，故选A。
34. 考查名词辨析。challenge意为“挑战”，结合前文伽利略研究遇到的阻力，可知他面对很多挑战；character（性格）、benefit（益处）不符合，故选A。
35. 考查动词辨析。influence意为“影响”，指伽利略的工作影响了后来的科学家，符合语境；follow（跟随）、protect（保护）不合适，故选C。
【答案】
21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.C 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕伽利略的科学生涯展开，是典型的记叙文完形填空，重点考查基础词汇、固定搭配及上下文逻辑理解，适合巩固初中阶段的英语基础能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空需遵循“通读全文→把握主旨→逐题分析→验证答案”的思路：首先通读全文，明确文章围绕伽利略的生平与科学贡献展开；接着针对每个空，结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系（如并列、转折）筛选选项；最后代入答案通读，检查逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
21. 考查连词辨析。while可表“而，与此同时”，连接父母的两个并列动作（父亲教音乐、母亲照顾孩子），符合语境；if表“如果”，or表“或者”，均不合适，故选B。
22. 考查形容词辨析。rich意为“富裕的”，结合后文“父母仍供他上学”，可知家庭不富裕，符合逻辑；worthy（值得的）、large（大的）不符合语境，故选C。
23. 考查固定搭配。change one's mind是固定短语，意为“改变主意”，此处指伽利略原本想当医生，后来改变想法，故选A。
24. 考查固定搭配。be curious about是固定短语，意为“对……好奇”，符合“伽利略对天空和星星感兴趣”的语境，故选B。
25. 考查介词辨析。with表“用（工具）”，此处指用望远镜完成发现，符合用法；above（在……上方）、as（作为）不合适，故选C。
26. 考查动词辨析。discover意为“发现”，指找到原本存在但未被知晓的事物，此处指发现月球上的山和坑，符合语境；publish（出版）、review（复习）不符合，故选A。
27. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“these moons are called the Galilean moons”可知，此处指木星的四颗卫星，故选C。
28. 考查名词辨析。idea意为“观点”，“地球绕太阳转”是伽利略的重要观点；message（信息）、memory（记忆）不符合，故选A。
29. 考查动词短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”，结合前文“很少有人相信他”，可知他没有放弃；take up（开始从事）、sign up（报名）不合适，故选B。
30. 考查形容词辨析。central意为“中心的”，此处指当时人们认为地球是宇宙的中心，符合常识；strange（奇怪的）、whole（整个的）不符合，故选B。
31. 考查动词辨析。prove意为“证明”，指伽利略继续研究来证明自己的观点正确，符合语境；believe（相信）、warn（警告）不合适，故选C。
32. 考查名词辨析。object意为“物体”，此处指不同重量的物体下落加速度相同，符合物理常识；power（力量）、file（文件）不符合，故选C。
33. 考查副词辨析。quite意为“相当”，修饰形容词important表程度，符合“这是相当重要的发现”的语境；nearly（几乎）、even（甚至）不合适，故选A。
34. 考查名词辨析。challenge意为“挑战”，结合前文伽利略研究遇到的阻力，可知他面对很多挑战；character（性格）、benefit（益处）不符合，故选A。
35. 考查动词辨析。influence意为“影响”，指伽利略的工作影响了后来的科学家，符合语境；follow（跟随）、protect（保护）不合适，故选C。
【答案】
21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.C 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕伽利略的科学生涯展开，是典型的记叙文完形填空，重点考查基础词汇、固定搭配及上下文逻辑理解，适合巩固初中阶段的英语基础能力，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
