1. 用代入消元法解方程组:
(1) $\begin{cases}2x+3y=12,\\4x-y=-4;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}x=y+1,\\4x-5y=5.\end{cases}$
(1) $\begin{cases}2x+3y=12,\\4x-y=-4;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}x=y+1,\\4x-5y=5.\end{cases}$
答案
1.解:(1)$\begin{cases} x=0,\\ y=4.\\ \end{cases}$ (2)$\begin{cases} x=0,\\ y=-1.\\ \end{cases}$
2. 用加减消元法解方程组:
(1) $\begin{cases}3x-y=13,\\5x+2y=7;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}x-3y=-2,\\2x+y=3.\end{cases}$
(1) $\begin{cases}3x-y=13,\\5x+2y=7;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}x-3y=-2,\\2x+y=3.\end{cases}$
答案
2.解:(1)$\begin{cases} x=3,\\ y=-4.\\ \end{cases}$ (2)$\begin{cases} x=1,\\ y=1.\\ \end{cases}$
3. 解下列方程组:
(1) $\begin{cases}\dfrac{2}{3}(2x+y)=4,\\\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{6}(2x+y)=8;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}3x+2y-2=0,\\\dfrac{3x+2y+1}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}.\end{cases}$
(1) $\begin{cases}\dfrac{2}{3}(2x+y)=4,\\\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{6}(2x+y)=8;\end{cases}$
(2) $\begin{cases}3x+2y-2=0,\\\dfrac{3x+2y+1}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}.\end{cases}$
答案
3.解:(1)$\begin{cases} \dfrac{2}{3}(2x+y)=4,&①\\ \dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{6}(2x+y)=8.&②\\ \end{cases}$
由①,得$2x+y=6$. ③
把③代入②,得$\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{6}×6=8$,解得$x=4$.
把$x=4$代入③,得$8+y=6$,解得$y=-2$.
所以这个方程组的解为$\begin{cases} x=4,\\ y=-2.\\ \end{cases}$
(2)$\begin{cases} 3x+2y-2=0,&①\\ \dfrac{3x+2y+1}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}.&②\\ \end{cases}$
由①,得$3x+2y=2$. ③
把③代入②,得$\dfrac{3}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}$,解得$x=\dfrac{1}{2}$.
把$x=\dfrac{1}{2}$代入③,得$\dfrac{3}{2}+2y=2$,
解得$y=\dfrac{1}{4}$.
所以这个方程组的解为$\begin{cases} x=\dfrac{1}{2},\\ y=\dfrac{1}{4}.\\ \end{cases}$
由①,得$2x+y=6$. ③
把③代入②,得$\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{6}×6=8$,解得$x=4$.
把$x=4$代入③,得$8+y=6$,解得$y=-2$.
所以这个方程组的解为$\begin{cases} x=4,\\ y=-2.\\ \end{cases}$
(2)$\begin{cases} 3x+2y-2=0,&①\\ \dfrac{3x+2y+1}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}.&②\\ \end{cases}$
由①,得$3x+2y=2$. ③
把③代入②,得$\dfrac{3}{5}-2x=-\dfrac{2}{5}$,解得$x=\dfrac{1}{2}$.
把$x=\dfrac{1}{2}$代入③,得$\dfrac{3}{2}+2y=2$,
解得$y=\dfrac{1}{4}$.
所以这个方程组的解为$\begin{cases} x=\dfrac{1}{2},\\ y=\dfrac{1}{4}.\\ \end{cases}$
4. 已知关于$m,n$的二元一次方程组$\begin{cases}a_{1}m+b_{1}n=c_{1},\\a_{2}m+b_{2}n=c_{2}\end{cases}$的解为$\begin{cases}m=2,\\n=1,\end{cases}$求关于$x,y$的方程组$\begin{cases}2a_{1}x+5b_{1}y=3c_{1},\\2a_{2}x+5b_{2}y=3c_{2}\end{cases}$的解.
答案
4.解:因为关于$m,n$的二元一次方程组$\begin{cases} a_{1}m+b_{1}n=c_{1},\\ a_{2}m+b_{2}n=c_{2}\\ \end{cases}$的解为$\begin{cases} m=2,\\ n=1,\\ \end{cases}$
关于$x,y$的方程组$\begin{cases} 2a_{1}x+5b_{1}y=3c_{1},\\ 2a_{2}x+5b_{2}y=3c_{2}\\ \end{cases}$
可变形为$\begin{cases} \dfrac{2}{3}a_{1}x+\dfrac{5}{3}b_{1}y=c_{1},\\ \dfrac{2}{3}a_{2}x+\dfrac{5}{3}b_{2}y=c_{2},\\ \end{cases}$
所以$\begin{cases} \dfrac{2}{3}x=2,\\ \dfrac{5}{3}y=1,\\ \end{cases}$解得$\begin{cases} x=3,\\ y=\dfrac{3}{5}.\\ \end{cases}$
关于$x,y$的方程组$\begin{cases} 2a_{1}x+5b_{1}y=3c_{1},\\ 2a_{2}x+5b_{2}y=3c_{2}\\ \end{cases}$
可变形为$\begin{cases} \dfrac{2}{3}a_{1}x+\dfrac{5}{3}b_{1}y=c_{1},\\ \dfrac{2}{3}a_{2}x+\dfrac{5}{3}b_{2}y=c_{2},\\ \end{cases}$
所以$\begin{cases} \dfrac{2}{3}x=2,\\ \dfrac{5}{3}y=1,\\ \end{cases}$解得$\begin{cases} x=3,\\ y=\dfrac{3}{5}.\\ \end{cases}$
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