二、生活小观察。
小东把一个水仙花球放在装满水的玻璃瓶口,定时观察、测量芽和根的长度,并将结果制成了下面的统计图。

1. 小东每(
2. 小东是第(
3. 第10至12天,根长了(
4. 根在什么时间生长得最快?芽在什么时间生长得最快?
5. 请你试着再提出一个数学问题并解答。
小东把一个水仙花球放在装满水的玻璃瓶口,定时观察、测量芽和根的长度,并将结果制成了下面的统计图。
1. 小东每(
2
)天观察、测量一次。2. 小东是第(
8
)天开始看到芽的,第(4
)天开始看到根的。3. 第10至12天,根长了(
12
)mm,芽长了(10
)mm。4. 根在什么时间生长得最快?芽在什么时间生长得最快?
5. 请你试着再提出一个数学问题并解答。
答案
1. 2 2. 8 4 3. 12 10
算一算
$15\dfrac{1}{4} - 5\dfrac{1}{2} =$
$\dfrac{2}{9} + \dfrac{5}{18} =$
$2\dfrac{7}{15} - 1\dfrac{8}{15} =$
$1\dfrac{1}{6} - \dfrac{1}{12} =$
$2\dfrac{2}{5} - \dfrac{1}{5} =$
$\dfrac{7}{15} + \dfrac{11}{15} =$
$\dfrac{6}{15} - \dfrac{1}{3} =$
$1\dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{2}{15} =$
$\dfrac{9}{10} + \dfrac{3}{8} =$
$\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{2}{21} =$
$15\dfrac{1}{4} - 5\dfrac{1}{2} =$
$\dfrac{2}{9} + \dfrac{5}{18} =$
$2\dfrac{7}{15} - 1\dfrac{8}{15} =$
$1\dfrac{1}{6} - \dfrac{1}{12} =$
$2\dfrac{2}{5} - \dfrac{1}{5} =$
$\dfrac{7}{15} + \dfrac{11}{15} =$
$\dfrac{6}{15} - \dfrac{1}{3} =$
$1\dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{2}{15} =$
$\dfrac{9}{10} + \dfrac{3}{8} =$
$\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{2}{21} =$
答案
$15\dfrac{1}{4} -5\dfrac{1}{2}$
解:$15\dfrac{1}{4}=15+\dfrac{1}{4}$,$5\dfrac{1}{2}=5+\dfrac{2}{4}$
$=(15-5)+(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{2}{4})$
$=10-\dfrac{1}{4}$
$=9\dfrac{3}{4}$
$\dfrac{2}{9} + \dfrac{5}{18}$
解:$\dfrac{2}{9}=\dfrac{4}{18}$
$\dfrac{4}{18}+\dfrac{5}{18}=\dfrac{9}{18}=\dfrac{1}{2}$
$2\dfrac{7}{15} - 1\dfrac{8}{15}$
解:$=(2-1)+(\dfrac{7}{15}-\dfrac{8}{15})$
$=1-\dfrac{1}{15}$
$=\dfrac{14}{15}$
$1\dfrac{1}{6} - \dfrac{1}{12}$
解:$1\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{14}{12}$
$\dfrac{14}{12}-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{13}{12}=1\dfrac{1}{12}$
$2\dfrac{2}{5} - \dfrac{1}{5}$
解:$=(2-0)+(\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5})$
$=2+\dfrac{1}{5}=2\dfrac{1}{5}$
$\dfrac{7}{15} + \dfrac{11}{15}$
解:$\dfrac{7+11}{15}=\dfrac{18}{15}=\dfrac{6}{5}=1\dfrac{1}{5}$
$\dfrac{6}{15} - \dfrac{1}{3}$
解:$\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{15}$
$\dfrac{6}{15}-\dfrac{5}{15}=\dfrac{1}{15}$
$1\dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{2}{15}$
解:$1\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{6}{15}$
$\dfrac{6}{15}+\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{8}{15}$
$\dfrac{9}{10} + \dfrac{3}{8}$
解:通分,分母40,$\dfrac{9}{10}=\dfrac{36}{40}$,$\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{15}{40}$
$\dfrac{36}{40}+\dfrac{15}{40}=\dfrac{51}{40}=1\dfrac{11}{40}$
$\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{2}{21}$
解:$\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{6}{21}$
$\dfrac{6}{21}+\dfrac{2}{21}=\dfrac{8}{21}$
解:$15\dfrac{1}{4}=15+\dfrac{1}{4}$,$5\dfrac{1}{2}=5+\dfrac{2}{4}$
$=(15-5)+(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{2}{4})$
$=10-\dfrac{1}{4}$
$=9\dfrac{3}{4}$
$\dfrac{2}{9} + \dfrac{5}{18}$
解:$\dfrac{2}{9}=\dfrac{4}{18}$
$\dfrac{4}{18}+\dfrac{5}{18}=\dfrac{9}{18}=\dfrac{1}{2}$
$2\dfrac{7}{15} - 1\dfrac{8}{15}$
解:$=(2-1)+(\dfrac{7}{15}-\dfrac{8}{15})$
$=1-\dfrac{1}{15}$
$=\dfrac{14}{15}$
$1\dfrac{1}{6} - \dfrac{1}{12}$
解:$1\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{14}{12}$
$\dfrac{14}{12}-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{13}{12}=1\dfrac{1}{12}$
$2\dfrac{2}{5} - \dfrac{1}{5}$
解:$=(2-0)+(\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5})$
$=2+\dfrac{1}{5}=2\dfrac{1}{5}$
$\dfrac{7}{15} + \dfrac{11}{15}$
解:$\dfrac{7+11}{15}=\dfrac{18}{15}=\dfrac{6}{5}=1\dfrac{1}{5}$
$\dfrac{6}{15} - \dfrac{1}{3}$
解:$\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{15}$
$\dfrac{6}{15}-\dfrac{5}{15}=\dfrac{1}{15}$
$1\dfrac{1}{5} + \dfrac{2}{15}$
解:$1\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{6}{15}$
$\dfrac{6}{15}+\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{8}{15}$
$\dfrac{9}{10} + \dfrac{3}{8}$
解:通分,分母40,$\dfrac{9}{10}=\dfrac{36}{40}$,$\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{15}{40}$
$\dfrac{36}{40}+\dfrac{15}{40}=\dfrac{51}{40}=1\dfrac{11}{40}$
$\dfrac{2}{7} + \dfrac{2}{21}$
解:$\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{6}{21}$
$\dfrac{6}{21}+\dfrac{2}{21}=\dfrac{8}{21}$
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