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Ⅲ.阅读理解。
Chinese Confucianism(儒家思想) has a long history of more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi, and xin. They are general virtues(美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love for others. Confucius is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” It is quite similar to the Golden Rule in the West(treat others as you wish to be treated).
Usually, li is the way we should connect(联系) with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, li is about the right way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先).
Maybe the most famous Confucian virtue is xiao. This is children’s duty to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious society(和谐社会). Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
(
A. 博学于文,约之以礼。
B. 学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲,勿施于人。
(
A. Caring about and loving others.
B. Taking care of one’s children.
C. Following the rules of drinking tea.
月日 星期 天气
(
A. Li is the most famous Confucian virtue.
B. Without xiao, the whole world would fall into a mess.
C. Confucianism has a history of less than(少于) two thousand years.
(
A. Its general virtues.
B. Its long history.
C. Its new problems.
Chinese Confucianism(儒家思想) has a long history of more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi, and xin. They are general virtues(美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love for others. Confucius is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” It is quite similar to the Golden Rule in the West(treat others as you wish to be treated).
Usually, li is the way we should connect(联系) with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, li is about the right way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先).
Maybe the most famous Confucian virtue is xiao. This is children’s duty to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious society(和谐社会). Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
(
C
)16.What is the best Chinese meaning for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. 博学于文,约之以礼。
B. 学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲,勿施于人。
(
C
)17.Which of the following is an example of li?A. Caring about and loving others.
B. Taking care of one’s children.
C. Following the rules of drinking tea.
月日 星期 天气
(
B
)18.What can we learn from the text?A. Li is the most famous Confucian virtue.
B. Without xiao, the whole world would fall into a mess.
C. Confucianism has a history of less than(少于) two thousand years.
(
A
)19.What does the text mainly tell us about Confucianism?A. Its general virtues.
B. Its long history.
C. Its new problems.
答案
16-19 C C B A
解析
【分析】
先通读文章理解儒家思想的相关内容，再针对每道题的问题定位到对应段落，对比选项找出匹配的答案：16题对应第三段划线句的含义；17题对应第四段关于“礼”的描述；18题对应第五段关于“孝”的内容；19题总结文章核心内容。
【解析】
16题：第三段划线句“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.”意为“自己不想要的，不要施加给别人”，对应选项C“己所不欲，勿施于人”，A、B选项与该句含义不符，故选C。
17题：第四段提到“In Confucian writings, li is about the right way to drink tea...”，说明遵循喝茶的规则是“礼”的例子，A是“仁”的含义，B与“礼”无关，故选C。
18题：第五段最后一句“Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.”中it指代“孝”，可知B正确；A选项最著名的儒家美德是“孝”而非“礼”，C选项儒家历史超过两千年，均错误，故选B。
19题：文章主要介绍儒家思想中的五常及相关重要美德，对应选项A；B仅为开头提及的部分内容，C未在文中体现，故选A。
【答案】
16-19 C C B A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，考查学生对文章细节信息的查找和主旨大意的归纳能力，题目以基础细节题为主，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
先通读文章理解儒家思想的相关内容，再针对每道题的问题定位到对应段落，对比选项找出匹配的答案：16题对应第三段划线句的含义；17题对应第四段关于“礼”的描述；18题对应第五段关于“孝”的内容；19题总结文章核心内容。
【解析】
16题：第三段划线句“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.”意为“自己不想要的，不要施加给别人”，对应选项C“己所不欲，勿施于人”，A、B选项与该句含义不符，故选C。
17题：第四段提到“In Confucian writings, li is about the right way to drink tea...”，说明遵循喝茶的规则是“礼”的例子，A是“仁”的含义，B与“礼”无关，故选C。
18题：第五段最后一句“Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.”中it指代“孝”，可知B正确；A选项最著名的儒家美德是“孝”而非“礼”，C选项儒家历史超过两千年，均错误，故选B。
19题：文章主要介绍儒家思想中的五常及相关重要美德，对应选项A；B仅为开头提及的部分内容，C未在文中体现，故选A。
【答案】
16-19 C C B A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，考查学生对文章细节信息的查找和主旨大意的归纳能力，题目以基础细节题为主，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
