Ⅳ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
telescope asleep maintain beyond movement launch weightless mission
1. The river is the bridge—we can't cross it now.
2. The soldiers are on a dangerous to save people.
3. We use a to watch the moon at night.
4. It's important to the old tools carefully.
5. They will a new rocket next week.
6. Astronauts feel when they are in space.
7. Slow is better for old people.
8. The baby was in her mother's arms.

1. beyond 2. mission 3. telescope 4. maintain 5. launch 6. weightless 7. movement 8. asleep

【分析】首先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：telescope（望远镜，名词）、asleep（睡着的，形容词）、maintain（维护，动词）、beyond（在…那边，介词）、movement（运动，名词）、launch（发射，动词）、weightless（失重的，形容词）、mission（任务，名词）。再结合每个句子的语境，分析空格所需的词性和词义，匹配对应单词，本题无单词变形，均用原形即可。
【解析】1. 句意为“河在桥的那边，我们现在不能过河”，需填介词beyond；2. 句意为“士兵们执行一项危险的救人任务”，需填名词mission；3. 句意为“我们用望远镜在晚上看月亮”，需填名词telescope；4. 句意为“仔细维护旧工具很重要”，it's important to后接动词原形，故填maintain；5. 句意为“他们下周将发射一枚新火箭”，will后接动词原形，故填launch；6. 句意为“宇航员在太空时感觉失重”，需填形容词weightless；7. 句意为“慢运动对老人更好”，需填名词movement；8. 句意为“婴儿在妈妈怀里睡着了”，be asleep为固定搭配，故填asleep。
【答案】1. beyond 2. mission 3. telescope 4. maintain 5. launch 6. weightless 7. movement 8. asleep
【知识点】单词适当形式填空；常用词汇词义辨析；词性运用
【点评】本题为基础词汇运用题，主要考查学生对常用单词的词义、词性的掌握，以及在具体语境中的正确匹配，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇知识。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅴ. 句型仿写
仿照例句改写句子，使用被动语态：
例句:People sent Zhurong rover to Mars. → Zhurong rover was sent to Mars.
1. They completed the Tiangong Space Station in 2022.
→
2. We will launch the Xuntian telescope soon.
→
3. Astronauts maintain the space station regularly.
→
4. People hope that China will send more manned spacecraft.
→

1. The Tiangong Space Station was completed in 2022.
2. The Xuntian telescope will be launched soon.
3. The space station is maintained regularly by astronauts.
4. It is hoped that more manned spacecraft will be sent by China.

【分析】
本题考查主动语态转换为被动语态的用法，解题思路为：①确定主动句的宾语，将其作为被动句的主语；②根据主动句的时态，确定被动句对应的be动词形式；③将主动句的谓语动词变为过去分词；④若主动句主语需保留，可通过“by+主语”引出（也可省略，根据语境），最终完成句子改写。
【解析】
1. 主动句宾语为the Tiangong Space Station，时态是一般过去时，be动词用was，complete的过去分词为completed，故改写为：The Tiangong Space Station was completed in 2022.
2. 主动句宾语为the Xuntian telescope，时态是一般将来时，被动结构为will be+过去分词，launch的过去分词为launched，故改写为：The Xuntian telescope will be launched soon.
3. 主动句宾语为the space station，时态是一般现在时，be动词用is，maintain的过去分词为maintained，主动句主语astronauts通过by引出，故改写为：The space station is maintained regularly by astronauts.
4. 主动句为People hope that...结构，变被动时常用固定结构It is hoped that...，从句部分转换为被动语态，故改写为：It is hoped that more manned spacecraft will be sent by China.
【答案】
1. The Tiangong Space Station was completed in 2022.
2. The Xuntian telescope will be launched soon.
3. The space station is maintained regularly by astronauts.
4. It is hoped that more manned spacecraft will be sent by China.
【知识点】
被动语态、句型转换
【点评】
本题是英语基础句型转换题，核心考查不同时态下被动语态的构成，只要掌握主动变被动的基本规则（宾语变主语、be+过去分词、时态对应）即可轻松解答，属于英语学习中的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7