三、阅读理解。
阅读下面的语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
Jupiter is the largest of the eight planets in our solar system. In the spring of 2017, astronomers(天文学家) were searching deep in space for a possible ninth planet. However, they discovered something else. 12 new moons moved around Jupiter. In 2018, Jupiter had 79 moons moving around it. That’s more than any other planet in our solar system.
A team of American scientists discovered the moons. They used a powerful telescope so that they could see small objects billions of miles away. The largest of the new moons is only about 2 miles wide. Earth’s moon is more than 1,000 times larger than it. Scientists described one of the new moons as an “oddball”. That’s because it’s traveling in the opposite direction(相反的方向) of the moons closest to it. Experts said it might crash into(撞击) another moon and break into pieces.
“This is like driving down the highway in the wrong direction,” said Scott Sheppard. He led the team that found the new moons.
Sheppard said that as technology got better, we would learn even more about Jupiter. Our world and the universe are full of mysteries(奥秘) and they are waiting for us to discover.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. How many moons did Jupiter have before the spring of 2017?
A. 12. B. 67.
C. 79. D. 91.
()2. How large is Earth’s moon?
A. About 2 miles wide.
B. More than 1,000 miles wide.
C. Over 2,000 miles wide.
D. About 3,000 miles wide.
()3. What can we know about the new moon “oddball”?
A. It’s the largest of all the moons going around Jupiter.
B. It’s the farthest away from Jupiter.
C. It is traveling in the opposite direction of other moons.
D. It will not break into pieces in the future.
()4. What can we learn from the last sentence of the text?
A. There are still lots of things we need to explore about the universe.
B. We will know everything about the universe with the help of technology.
C. The scientists find Jupiter is very interesting.
D. We never know what will happen in the future.
()5. Where can we probably read this text?
A. On a traveling website.
B. In a newspaper about culture.
C. In a guide book.
D. In a science book.

三、1. B 由第一段可知，2017年春天，天文学家在寻找太阳系中可能存在的第9颗行星时，发现了12颗新的卫星在围绕着木星旋转，2018年有79颗卫星在木星周围，故可知在2017年春之前，木星有67颗卫星。
2. C 由第二段第三、四句可知，这些新卫星中最大的直径仅有2英里（注：1英里约1.61千米），月球的直径是它的1000多倍。故可知月球的直径有2000多英里。
3. C 由第二段倒数第二句可知，一颗被称作“oddball”的新卫星和它附近的卫星运行轨道相反。故C项符合文章描述。
4. A 由文章最后科学家说的话可知，我们的世界和宇宙充满了奥秘，它们正等着我们去探索。故A项表述符合文意。
5. D 本文是关于宇宙探索的科普类文章，故可在科学类书籍中读到。

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，需先通读全文把握核心内容（关于木星新卫星发现的科普），再逐题定位题干关键词到原文对应段落，对比原文信息与选项内容，排除不符合文意的选项，选出正确答案。每道题的解题思路：1题找2017春前木星卫星数，需用2018年总数减2017年新增数；2题找地球月球大小，根据原文新卫星最大尺寸与月球的倍数关系计算；3题定位“oddball”的描述，直接对应原文原因；4题分析最后一句的含义，匹配选项；5题判断文章出处，根据内容属性确定。
【解析】
1. 由第一段“In the spring of 2017...12 new moons moved around Jupiter. In 2018, Jupiter had 79 moons moving around it.”可知，2017年春前木星的卫星数为79-12=67，故选B。
2. 由第二段“The largest of the new moons is only about 2 miles wide. Earth’s moon is more than 1,000 times larger than it.”可知，地球月球的宽度为2×1000=2000多英里，故选C。
3. 由第二段“Scientists described one of the new moons as an “oddball”. That’s because it’s traveling in the opposite direction of the moons closest to it.”可知，该卫星运行方向与其他卫星相反，故选C。
4. 由最后一句“Our world and the universe are full of mysteries and they are waiting for us to discover.”可知，宇宙有诸多奥秘待探索，对应A选项，故选A。
5. 本文是关于宇宙天体（木星卫星）发现的科普类文章，应出自科学类书籍，故选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
科普类阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文为科普类阅读理解材料，围绕木星新卫星的发现展开，题目侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节、理解文意的能力，整体难度适中，只要学生认真阅读原文，找准对应信息即可完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.6