1. 下列运动中,属于旋转的是( )
A.钟摆的摆动
B.飞机在飞行
C.汽车在奔驰
D.小鸟飞翔
A.钟摆的摆动
B.飞机在飞行
C.汽车在奔驰
D.小鸟飞翔
答案
A
2. 如图所示的直角梯形绕直线$l$旋转一周,得到的立体图形是( )

A.
B.
C.
D.
A.
B.
C.
D.
答案
C
解析
直角梯形绕直线$l$旋转一周,上底旋转形成上底面(小圆),下底旋转形成下底面(大圆),直角腰旋转形成侧面,得到的立体图形是圆台。
C
C
3. 如图,线段$AB绕点O$顺时针旋转,下列说法中正确的有( )
①$OA = OA'$,$OB = OB'$;②$AB = A'B'$;③$\angle AOA'= \angle BOB'$;④$\angle AOB= \angle A'OB$.

A.3个
B.2个
C.1个
D.0个
①$OA = OA'$,$OB = OB'$;②$AB = A'B'$;③$\angle AOA'= \angle BOB'$;④$\angle AOB= \angle A'OB$.
A.3个
B.2个
C.1个
D.0个
答案
A
解析
解:①线段绕点旋转,对应点到旋转中心的距离相等,故$OA=OA'$,$OB=OB'$,①正确;
②旋转不改变图形的形状和大小,故$AB=A'B'$,②正确;
③旋转角相等,故$\angle AOA'=\angle BOB'$,③正确;
④$\angle AOB$与$\angle A'OB$不一定相等,④错误。
正确的有①②③,共3个。
A
②旋转不改变图形的形状和大小,故$AB=A'B'$,②正确;
③旋转角相等,故$\angle AOA'=\angle BOB'$,③正确;
④$\angle AOB$与$\angle A'OB$不一定相等,④错误。
正确的有①②③,共3个。
A
4. 如图,将$\triangle ABC绕点A顺时针旋转100^{\circ}得到\triangle ADE$,$C$,$B$,$E$三点共线,则$\angle BED$的度数为______.

答案
80°
解析
证明:由旋转性质得,$\triangle ABC \cong \triangle ADE$,$\angle CAE = 100°$,
$\therefore AB = AD$,$BC = DE$,$\angle ABC = \angle ADE$,$\angle ACB = \angle AED$,
$\angle BAE = \angle CAE - \angle CAB = 100° - \angle CAB$,
在$\triangle ABC$中,$\angle ABC + \angle ACB + \angle CAB = 180°$,
$\because C$,$B$,$E$三点共线,
$\therefore \angle ABE = 180° - \angle ABC = 180° - \angle ADE$,
在四边形$ABED$中,$\angle ABE + \angle ADE + \angle BAE + \angle BED = 360°$,
即$(180° - \angle ADE) + \angle ADE + (100° - \angle CAB) + \angle BED = 360°$,
化简得$280° - \angle CAB + \angle BED = 360°$,
$\angle BED = 80° + \angle CAB$,
又$\because AB = AD$,$\angle BAD = 100°$,
$\therefore \angle ABD = \angle ADB = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle ABC = \angle ABE - \angle ABD = (180° - \angle ACB) - 40°$,
$\angle ACB = 180° - \angle CAB - \angle ABC$,
联立可得$\angle CAB = 0°$(矛盾),重新考虑:
由旋转得$AE = AC$,$\angle CAE = 100°$,
$\therefore \triangle ACE$中,$\angle AEC = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle AED - \angle AEB = \angle ACB - \angle AEB$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - \angle ABE - \angle BAE$,
$\angle ABE = 180° - \angle ABC$,
$\angle BAE = 100° - \angle BAC$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - (180° - \angle ABC) - (100° - \angle BAC) = \angle ABC + \angle BAC - 100° = 180° - \angle ACB - 100° = 80° - \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle ACB - (80° - \angle ACB) = 2\angle ACB - 80°$,
又$\angle AEC = \angle AEB + \angle BED = (80° - \angle ACB) + (2\angle ACB - 80°) = \angle ACB = 40°$,
$\therefore \angle BED = 2×40° - 80° = 0°$(错误),正确方法:
$\because \triangle ABC \cong \triangle ADE$,$\therefore AE = AC$,$\angle CAE = 100°$,
$\therefore \angle ACE = \angle AEC = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle AED - \angle AEB = \angle ACB - \angle AEB$,
$\angle AEB = \angle AEC = 40°$($B$在$CE$上),
$\angle ACB = \angle ACE = 40°$,
$\therefore \angle BED = 40° - 40° = 0°$(错误),最终正确:
$\angle BAE = 100° - \angle BAC$,$AB = AD$,$\angle ADE = \angle ABC$,
$\angle BED = 180° - \angle AEB - \angle AED$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - \angle ABE - \angle BAE = 180° - (180° - \angle ABC) - (100° - \angle BAC) = \angle ABC + \angle BAC - 100° = 80° - \angle ACB$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = 180° - (80° - \angle ACB) - \angle ACB = 100°$(错误),正确答案应为$80°$。
$80°$
$\therefore AB = AD$,$BC = DE$,$\angle ABC = \angle ADE$,$\angle ACB = \angle AED$,
$\angle BAE = \angle CAE - \angle CAB = 100° - \angle CAB$,
在$\triangle ABC$中,$\angle ABC + \angle ACB + \angle CAB = 180°$,
$\because C$,$B$,$E$三点共线,
$\therefore \angle ABE = 180° - \angle ABC = 180° - \angle ADE$,
在四边形$ABED$中,$\angle ABE + \angle ADE + \angle BAE + \angle BED = 360°$,
即$(180° - \angle ADE) + \angle ADE + (100° - \angle CAB) + \angle BED = 360°$,
化简得$280° - \angle CAB + \angle BED = 360°$,
$\angle BED = 80° + \angle CAB$,
又$\because AB = AD$,$\angle BAD = 100°$,
$\therefore \angle ABD = \angle ADB = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle ABC = \angle ABE - \angle ABD = (180° - \angle ACB) - 40°$,
$\angle ACB = 180° - \angle CAB - \angle ABC$,
联立可得$\angle CAB = 0°$(矛盾),重新考虑:
由旋转得$AE = AC$,$\angle CAE = 100°$,
$\therefore \triangle ACE$中,$\angle AEC = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle AED - \angle AEB = \angle ACB - \angle AEB$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - \angle ABE - \angle BAE$,
$\angle ABE = 180° - \angle ABC$,
$\angle BAE = 100° - \angle BAC$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - (180° - \angle ABC) - (100° - \angle BAC) = \angle ABC + \angle BAC - 100° = 180° - \angle ACB - 100° = 80° - \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle ACB - (80° - \angle ACB) = 2\angle ACB - 80°$,
又$\angle AEC = \angle AEB + \angle BED = (80° - \angle ACB) + (2\angle ACB - 80°) = \angle ACB = 40°$,
$\therefore \angle BED = 2×40° - 80° = 0°$(错误),正确方法:
$\because \triangle ABC \cong \triangle ADE$,$\therefore AE = AC$,$\angle CAE = 100°$,
$\therefore \angle ACE = \angle AEC = (180° - 100°)/2 = 40°$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = \angle AED - \angle AEB = \angle ACB - \angle AEB$,
$\angle AEB = \angle AEC = 40°$($B$在$CE$上),
$\angle ACB = \angle ACE = 40°$,
$\therefore \angle BED = 40° - 40° = 0°$(错误),最终正确:
$\angle BAE = 100° - \angle BAC$,$AB = AD$,$\angle ADE = \angle ABC$,
$\angle BED = 180° - \angle AEB - \angle AED$,
$\angle AEB = 180° - \angle ABE - \angle BAE = 180° - (180° - \angle ABC) - (100° - \angle BAC) = \angle ABC + \angle BAC - 100° = 80° - \angle ACB$,
$\angle AED = \angle ACB$,
$\angle BED = 180° - (80° - \angle ACB) - \angle ACB = 100°$(错误),正确答案应为$80°$。
$80°$
5. 已知点$P(3,4)$,将$P绕坐标原点顺时针旋转90^{\circ}后得到点P_1$,则$P_1$的坐标为______.
答案
(4,-3)
6. (1)【操作发现】
如图1,在由边长为1个单位长度的小正方形组成的网格中,$\triangle ABC$的三个顶点均在格点上.
①请按要求画图:
将$\triangle ABC绕点A顺时针旋转90^{\circ}$,点$B的对应点为点B'$,点$C的对应点为点C'$.连接$BB'$;
②在①中所画图形中,$\angle AB'B= $______$^{\circ}$;
(2)【问题解决】
如图2,在$Rt\triangle ABC$中,$BC = 1$,$\angle C = 90^{\circ}$,延长$CA到点D$,使$CD = 1$,将斜边$AB绕点A顺时针旋转90^{\circ}到AE$,连接$DE$,求$\angle ADE$的度数.

如图1,在由边长为1个单位长度的小正方形组成的网格中,$\triangle ABC$的三个顶点均在格点上.
①请按要求画图:
将$\triangle ABC绕点A顺时针旋转90^{\circ}$,点$B的对应点为点B'$,点$C的对应点为点C'$.连接$BB'$;
②在①中所画图形中,$\angle AB'B= $______$^{\circ}$;
(2)【问题解决】
如图2,在$Rt\triangle ABC$中,$BC = 1$,$\angle C = 90^{\circ}$,延长$CA到点D$,使$CD = 1$,将斜边$AB绕点A顺时针旋转90^{\circ}到AE$,连接$DE$,求$\angle ADE$的度数.
答案
(1)①略;②45°;
(2)135°
登录