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五、阅读理解。
新素养 文化意识 How do you greet people? You wouldn't greet your mother the same way you greet a friend, right? It's the same in English too. You should greet different people in different ways. Let's have a look at a few different situations(情况) and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.
If you're at work and you're meeting someone for the first time, it's best to use formal(正式的) greetings. Say "Good morning or afternoon" and ask "How are you?" to find out if they are well. When you want to introduce someone at work, you can say "I'd like to introduce... (name)". If you introduce yourself to other people, you can say "Nice to meet you" and then tell him or her your name.
When greeting family and friends, we should use informal(非正式的) greetings like "hello", "hi" or "hey" first. Then we can ask "How are you doing?" or "How's life?" to find out how he or she is.
In most English-speaking countries, shaking hands is the most common(常见的) greeting. Some people greet close friends with a hug(拥抱) or a kiss on the cheek. The best way to learn about physical(身体的) greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.
1. If you are introducing yourself to other people, it's best to say "
A. Hello! How are you?
B. How's it going, my friend?
C. Nice to meet you! I'm Wang Lin.
D. Good morning! What's your name?
2. If an American friend hugs you, what should you do?
A. Shake his or her hand.
B. Give him or her a hug.
C. Kiss him or her on the cheek.
D. Say hello to him or her.
3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Different physical greetings.
B. English in different situations.
C. The right way to greet people in English.
D. Formal English and informal English.
新素养 文化意识 How do you greet people? You wouldn't greet your mother the same way you greet a friend, right? It's the same in English too. You should greet different people in different ways. Let's have a look at a few different situations(情况) and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.
If you're at work and you're meeting someone for the first time, it's best to use formal(正式的) greetings. Say "Good morning or afternoon" and ask "How are you?" to find out if they are well. When you want to introduce someone at work, you can say "I'd like to introduce... (name)". If you introduce yourself to other people, you can say "Nice to meet you" and then tell him or her your name.
When greeting family and friends, we should use informal(非正式的) greetings like "hello", "hi" or "hey" first. Then we can ask "How are you doing?" or "How's life?" to find out how he or she is.
In most English-speaking countries, shaking hands is the most common(常见的) greeting. Some people greet close friends with a hug(拥抱) or a kiss on the cheek. The best way to learn about physical(身体的) greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.
1. If you are introducing yourself to other people, it's best to say "
C
".A. Hello! How are you?
B. How's it going, my friend?
C. Nice to meet you! I'm Wang Lin.
D. Good morning! What's your name?
2. If an American friend hugs you, what should you do?
A. Shake his or her hand.
B. Give him or her a hug.
C. Kiss him or her on the cheek.
D. Say hello to him or her.
3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Different physical greetings.
B. English in different situations.
C. The right way to greet people in English.
D. Formal English and informal English.
答案
1. C 【解析】根据第二段最后一句“If you introduce yourself to other people，you can say ‘Nice to meet you’ and then tell him or her your name.”可知，如果你向别人介绍自己，最好说“Nice to meet you”，并告知你的名字。
2. B 【解析】根据最后一段中“The best way to learn about physical greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.”可知，当你的美国朋友拥抱你时，你也应该回之以拥抱。
3. C 【解析】通读全文尤其是根据第一段最后一句“Let's have a look at a few different situations and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何用英语在不同的场合与他人打招呼。
2. B 【解析】根据最后一段中“The best way to learn about physical greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.”可知，当你的美国朋友拥抱你时，你也应该回之以拥抱。
3. C 【解析】通读全文尤其是根据第一段最后一句“Let's have a look at a few different situations and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何用英语在不同的场合与他人打招呼。
解析
【分析】
解答本题需先明确各题考查类型，再精准定位原文对应内容：第1题考查自我介绍的英语表达，需回到第二段找相关语句；第2题考查朋友拥抱时的应对方式，定位最后一段肢体问候的建议；第3题考查文章主旨，需通读全文核心内容归纳。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段最后一句“If you introduce yourself to other people, you can say ‘Nice to meet you’ and then tell him or her your name.”可知，自我介绍时应先说“Nice to meet you”再告知名字，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“The best way to learn about physical greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.”可知，朋友拥抱时应回以拥抱，对应选项B。
3. 主旨大意题：通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“Let's have a look at a few different situations and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.”可知，文章主要介绍用英语问候他人的正确方式，对应选项C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解基础题，贴近日常英语应用，考查学生定位原文信息及归纳主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.2
解答本题需先明确各题考查类型，再精准定位原文对应内容：第1题考查自我介绍的英语表达，需回到第二段找相关语句；第2题考查朋友拥抱时的应对方式，定位最后一段肢体问候的建议；第3题考查文章主旨，需通读全文核心内容归纳。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段最后一句“If you introduce yourself to other people, you can say ‘Nice to meet you’ and then tell him or her your name.”可知，自我介绍时应先说“Nice to meet you”再告知名字，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“The best way to learn about physical greetings is to watch what other people do and then do the same.”可知，朋友拥抱时应回以拥抱，对应选项B。
3. 主旨大意题：通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“Let's have a look at a few different situations and learn how to greet people in English in each situation.”可知，文章主要介绍用英语问候他人的正确方式，对应选项C。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解基础题，贴近日常英语应用，考查学生定位原文信息及归纳主旨的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.2
六、（2026·盐城市盐都区月考改编）首字母填空。
Millie is a student at Moonlight Middle School. She l$\underline{1}$ her school very much. Her classroom is clean and b$\underline{2}$.
Kitty is her best friend. She is a t$\underline{3}$ friend. At school, they often help and l$\underline{4}$ from each other. Both of them like reading. Millie thinks reading is a good way to relax. At weekends, she usually goes to the library with Kitty. They can borrow some b$\underline{5}$ from it. T$\underline{6}$ can read novels and magazines there as well. Sometimes Millie uses the internet to help w$\underline{7}$ her study. She has a good time at school every day.
Millie is also a fan of s$\underline{8}$. She often tries to fix things a$\underline{9}$ her house. She wants to be a scientist in the f$\underline{10}$. I hope her dream can come true(实现).
Millie is a student at Moonlight Middle School. She l$\underline{1}$ her school very much. Her classroom is clean and b$\underline{2}$.
Kitty is her best friend. She is a t$\underline{3}$ friend. At school, they often help and l$\underline{4}$ from each other. Both of them like reading. Millie thinks reading is a good way to relax. At weekends, she usually goes to the library with Kitty. They can borrow some b$\underline{5}$ from it. T$\underline{6}$ can read novels and magazines there as well. Sometimes Millie uses the internet to help w$\underline{7}$ her study. She has a good time at school every day.
Millie is also a fan of s$\underline{8}$. She often tries to fix things a$\underline{9}$ her house. She wants to be a scientist in the f$\underline{10}$. I hope her dream can come true(实现).
答案
1. loves/likes 2. bright 3. true 4. learn 5. books 6. They 7. with 8. science 9. around 10. future
解析
【分析】
先通读全文，理解文章介绍Millie的校园生活、好友及爱好梦想的大意，再结合每个空的首字母提示，联系上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如主谓一致、词性要求），逐一确定每个空的正确单词。
【解析】
1. 主语She为第三人称单数，结合语境“非常喜欢她的学校”，首字母为l，故填loves/likes；
2. 描述教室特点，与clean并列，首字母为b，故填bright；
3. 修饰名词friend，结合“最好的朋友”的语境，首字母为t，故填true；
4. 固定搭配learn from（向……学习），结合“互相帮助和学习”的语境，首字母为l，故填learn；
5. 从图书馆可借的物品，首字母为b，且some后接可数名词复数，故填books；
6. 指代前文的Millie和Kitty，作主语，首字母为T，故填They；
7. 固定搭配help with（帮助做某事），首字母为w，故填with；
8. 结合后文“想当科学家”的语境，首字母为s，故填science；
9. 表示“在房子周围”，首字母为a，故填around；
10. 固定搭配in the future（在未来），首字母为f，故填future。
【答案】
1. loves/likes 2. bright 3. true 4. learn 5. books 6. They 7. with 8. science 9. around 10. future
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定搭配、词汇运用
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础首字母填空题，侧重考查语境理解、固定搭配及核心词汇的掌握，难度适中，学生结合上下文和所学搭配即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.7
先通读全文，理解文章介绍Millie的校园生活、好友及爱好梦想的大意，再结合每个空的首字母提示，联系上下文语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如主谓一致、词性要求），逐一确定每个空的正确单词。
【解析】
1. 主语She为第三人称单数，结合语境“非常喜欢她的学校”，首字母为l，故填loves/likes；
2. 描述教室特点，与clean并列，首字母为b，故填bright；
3. 修饰名词friend，结合“最好的朋友”的语境，首字母为t，故填true；
4. 固定搭配learn from（向……学习），结合“互相帮助和学习”的语境，首字母为l，故填learn；
5. 从图书馆可借的物品，首字母为b，且some后接可数名词复数，故填books；
6. 指代前文的Millie和Kitty，作主语，首字母为T，故填They；
7. 固定搭配help with（帮助做某事），首字母为w，故填with；
8. 结合后文“想当科学家”的语境，首字母为s，故填science；
9. 表示“在房子周围”，首字母为a，故填around；
10. 固定搭配in the future（在未来），首字母为f，故填future。
【答案】
1. loves/likes 2. bright 3. true 4. learn 5. books 6. They 7. with 8. science 9. around 10. future
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定搭配、词汇运用
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础首字母填空题，侧重考查语境理解、固定搭配及核心词汇的掌握，难度适中，学生结合上下文和所学搭配即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.7
