跟踪练习
①— you ever
be to the Great Wall?
—Yes, I have. I go
there on our last school trip.
②We began to learn yoga three years
ago.改成同义句
We yoga
three years.

①Have; been; went ②have learnt; for

【分析】
第①题：根据答句“Yes, I have”可判断问句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，结构为“Have + 主语 + ever + 动词过去分词”，因此前两空对应Have、been；第三空所在句子的时间状语是“last school trip”（过去的时间），需用一般过去时，go的过去式为went。
第②题：原句“began to learn”是一般过去时表过去开始的动作，同义句需用现在完成时，“学习”的现在完成时结构为“have + 动词过去分词”（learn的过去分词是learnt）；表示“持续一段时间”用“for + 时间段”，故对应填have learnt、for。
【解析】
① 问句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，助动词用Have，“去过某地”的固定表达是have been to，因此前两空为Have、been；答句中“last school trip”是过去时间，谓语动词用go的过去式went，故第三空为went。
② 原句是一般过去时的同义转换，需用现在完成时，“学习”的现在完成时为have learnt；时间段前搭配介词for，因此填have learnt、for。
【答案】
①Have; been; went ②have learnt; for
【知识点】
现在完成时；一般过去时；同义句转换
【点评】
本题考查英语时态的运用及同义句转换，是时态部分的基础练习，需掌握不同时态的结构和时间状语的搭配规则。
【难度系数】
0.3

一、根据句意及所给提示填写单词
1. When we got to the farm, they welcomed us
热情地.
2. There are two 慈善组织
in our city and they are helpful.
3. My father has taught in village
/ˈpraɪməri/ school for ten years.
4. Mulan dressed up like a boy and took her
father's place to fight in the
军队.
5. Her sister 帮忙
做 with the housework while Mum was
sick.
能力 提升

1. warmly 2. charities 3. primary
4. army 5. helped out

【分析】
本题需结合词性、数的变化、音标、固定搭配及时态解题：1. 修饰动词需用副词，对应“热情地”的副词；2. 数词two后接可数名词复数；3. 根据音标匹配对应单词；4. 直接对应“军队”的英文名词；5. 结合固定短语和时态确定形式。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰动词welcomed，需用副词，“热情地”的副词形式为warmly，故填warmly；
2. two后接可数名词复数，“慈善组织”的英文是charity，复数为charities，故填charities；
3. 根据音标/ˈpraɪməri/，结合“primary school（小学）”的固定搭配，填primary；
4. “军队”对应的英文名词是army，符合句意，故填army；
5. “帮忙做”的固定短语是help out，由从句was可知时态为一般过去时，故填helped out。
【答案】
1. warmly 2. charities 3. primary 4. army 5. helped out
【知识点】
副词的用法、可数名词复数、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写、词性变化及固定搭配，是英语学习的基础题型，需学生掌握核心单词的不同形式及常用短语。
【难度系数】
0.3

二、句型转换
1. His friends began to volunteer at the
museum three months ago.改为同义句
His friends
at the museum three months.
2. They have been here since 1999.对画线
部分提问
have they
been here?
3. He has learnt Beijing Opera for three
months.对画线部分提问
has he learnt
Beijing Opera?
4. They have waited for us since two hours
ago.改为同义句
They have waited for us
.
5. He lived in Beijing. He came here ten
years ago.合并成一句
He in
Beijing he came here ten
years ago.

1. have volunteered; for 2. How long
3. How long 4. for two hours 5. has lived;
since

【分析】
本题为初中英语句型转换题，核心考查现在完成时的相关用法，包括同义句转换、时间状语提问、句子合并等。解题时需先明确各题对应的语法规则：1题需将一般过去时的短暂性动作转换为现在完成时的延续性表达，用“for+时间段”替换“three months ago”；2、3题考查对现在完成时中时间状语（since+时间点/for+时间段）的提问，统一用“How long”；4题需将“since+时间段+ago”转换为“for+时间段”；5题需合并句子，用现在完成时+since引导的时间状语从句表达“从过去某时间点开始的动作延续至今”。
【解析】
1. 原句是一般过去时，改为同义句需用现在完成时（主语His friends为复数，助动词用have），begin的延续性动词为volunteer，搭配“for+时间段three months”，故填have volunteered; for；
2. 画线部分“since 1999”是表时间段的状语，对其提问用How long；
3. 画线部分“for three months”是表时间段的状语，对其提问用How long；
4. “since two hours ago”的同义表达为“for two hours”；
5. 合并后表达“自从十年前来到这里就住在北京”，用现在完成时，助动词用has，since引导时间状语从句，故填has lived; since。
【答案】
1. have volunteered; for 2. How long 3. How long 4. for two hours 5. has lived; since
【知识点】
现在完成时、同义句转换、特殊疑问句
【点评】
本题围绕现在完成时的核心考点设置，涵盖同义转换、时间提问、句子合并等基础题型，是初中英语现在完成时的典型练习，需掌握延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换、时间状语的提问方式等基础语法。
【难度系数】
0.8

三、语篇填空
Last Saturday, I went to Harbin
Central Street with some of my friends. It
1. be a sunny day. Walking
along the street, we saw many 2.
volunteer offering help in the sun. They
have helped many elderly people for two
years. They helped to take photos for some
3. visit and answered people's
questions. Though they were very tired,
they didn't stop to have a rest. We were
4. deep moved when we saw
this.
Just as we turned a corner, we saw
that two little boys 5. stand
there and crying. We went over to see what
happened to them. One boy told us that
they couldn't find their mother and 6.
other boy told us their mother's phone
number. I tried to call her several times.
Twenty 7. minute later,
their mother turned up. With tears in her
eyes, she was very thankful 8. us.
To tell the 9. true, we
not only enjoyed the beauty of the buildings
along the street, but also felt the warmth
of society that day. 10.
everyone can reach out a helping hand to
others, the world around us will change for
the better.

1. was 2. volunteers 3. visitors
4. deeply 5. standing 6. the 7. minutes
8. to 9. truth 10. If

【分析】
先通读全文，明确文章讲述上周六在哈尔滨中央大街的经历，时态以一般过去时为主，结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐个分析空格：1题根据时间状语确定be动词形式；2题由many确定名词复数；3题结合语境确定名词形式；4题修饰形容词用副词；5题用see sb doing结构；6题用固定搭配one...the other；7题由twenty确定名词复数；8题用固定搭配be thankful to；9题用固定搭配tell the truth；10题根据句意确定条件状语从句引导词。
【解析】
1. 时间状语为Last Saturday，主语it指代天气，一般过去时中be动词用was；
2. many后接可数名词复数，volunteer的复数形式为volunteers；
3. some后接名词，此处指游客，visit对应的名词visitor需用复数visitors；
4. 修饰形容词moved需用副词，deep的副词形式为deeply；
5. see sb doing sth结构，and连接并列现在分词，故填standing；
6. 固定搭配one...the other（两者中的另一个），填the；
7. twenty后接可数名词复数，minute的复数形式为minutes；
8. 固定搭配be thankful to sb（对某人感谢），填to；
9. 固定搭配tell the truth（说实话），true的名词形式为truth；
10. 此处为条件状语从句，表“如果”，填If。
【答案】
1. was 2. volunteers 3. visitors 4. deeply 5. standing 6. the 7. minutes 8. to 9. truth 10. If
【知识点】
一般过去时、名词复数、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为语篇填空题型，围绕个人经历展开，考查基础语法与固定搭配，需结合语境分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6