一、根据中文或首字母提示写出单词。每空限填一词。
1. Good (交流) between teachers and students helps solve problems more quickly.
2. The (文章) main ideas are clear and useful for our English reading practice.
3. The school's environmental protection campaign is an o activity that will last for three months.
4. The city has started several new p to improve traffic and public parks.
5. The scientists are watching the experiment c to record every small change.
6. — How do you plan to spend your weekend?
— I decide to watch a movie after c my homework.

一、1. communication 2. articles' 3. ongoing 4. projects 5. closely 6. completing

【分析】
做这类单词拼写题的核心思路是三步走：第一步先通读完整句子，准确理解句意，对应中文/首字母提示先锁定所需单词的词义；第二步判断空格在句中充当的成分，确定需要的词性；第三步结合句中的语法规则（比如名词单复数、所有格、介词属性、副词修饰动词等）对单词做正确变形，不能只写原形忽略语法要求导致丢分。比如看到第二题后面的名词main ideas就要想到要填所有格形式，看到第六题的介词after就要想到后面要接动名词。
【解析】
1. 句意：师生间良好的交流能帮助更快解决问题。空格前是形容词Good，需要填名词作主语，中文提示“交流”对应的不可数名词communication符合谓语helps的单数要求，故填communication。
2. 句意：这些文章的主旨很清晰，对我们的英语阅读练习很有用。空格后是名词main ideas，需要表达所属关系，中文提示“文章”，结合句中谓语are可知要用复数名词的所有格，articles的所有格直接加'，故填articles'。
3. 句意：学校的环保活动是一项会持续三个月的正在进行的活动。空格修饰名词activity，需要填形容词，结合“持续三个月”的语境和首字母o，可知表示“正在进行的”ongoing符合要求，故填ongoing。
4. 句意：这座城市已经启动了数个新项目来改善交通和公共公园。空格前的several后接可数名词复数，结合语境和首字母p，可知表示“项目”的project的复数形式projects符合要求，故填projects。
5. 句意：科学家们正在密切观察实验，记录每一处微小的变化。空格修饰动词watching，需要填副词，结合语境和首字母c，可知表示“密切地、仔细地”的closely符合要求，故填closely。
6. 句意：——你打算怎么过周末？——我决定做完作业之后去看电影。空格前after是介词，介词后要接动名词，结合“完成作业”的语境和首字母c，可知complete的动名词形式completing符合要求，故填completing。
【答案】
1. communication 2. articles' 3. ongoing 4. projects 5. closely 6. completing
【知识点】
单词拼写，词性辨析，词形变形
【点评】
本题兼顾词义识记和语法应用，既考查了课标核心词汇的掌握情况，也隐性考查了名词所有格、介词后接动名词、副词修饰动词等基础语法点，学生容易忽略词形变形直接写原形丢分，做题时要注意结合句子成分判断最终形式。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. She enjoys (travel) around China and taking photos of ancient towns.
2. There is a small village (lie) at the foot of the mountain, surrounded by green trees.
3. We need to complete (prepare) for the party before our friends arrive.
4. The movie about animal protection is really (move) — many people cried.
5. The children stood (close) together to keep warm in the cold wind.

二、1. travelling 2. lying 3. preparing 4. moving 5. closely

【分析】
做这类用所给单词适当形式填空的题目，我们可以按照“先判词性，再找规则”的思路逐步推导：首先观察空格前后的搭配，判断空格处需要填入的词性，再结合对应的语法规则、固定搭配对给出的原形单词进行变形。第1题看到谓语动词enjoy，立刻回忆enjoy的固定搭配要求；第2题发现句子已经有完整的there be句型的谓语结构，空格处的动词不能再作谓语，要考虑非谓语形式，同时判断逻辑主语和动词的主被动关系；第3题空格在及物动词complete之后，需要填入可作宾语的形式；第4题空格在be动词之后作表语，要填入修饰事物的形容词形式；第5题空格修饰动词stood，需要填入副词形式。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以动词travel要变为动名词形式travelling。
2. 考查现在分词作后置定语，句子已有谓语is，逻辑主语village和lie（位于）是主动关系，所以lie变为现在分词lying，修饰前面的village。
3. 考查非谓语作宾语，动词complete后接动名词作宾语，prepare变为动名词preparing，表达完成派对的准备相关工作的含义。
4. 考查形容词作表语，此处修饰事物movie，要用以-ing结尾的形容词moving，意为“令人感动的”，符合后文很多人哭的语境。
5. 考查副词修饰动词，空格处修饰实义动词stood，需要将形容词close变为副词closely，意为“紧紧地、紧密地”，符合孩子们挤在一起取暖的语境。
【答案】
1. travelling 2. lying 3. preparing 4. moving 5. closely
【知识点】
固定动词搭配，非谓语动词，词性转换
【点评】
本题覆盖了初中英语词形转换的核心高频考点，既考察了enjoy后接动名词这类基础固定搭配，也涉及现在分词作定语、形容词副词变形这类易混点，其中第2题的非谓语判断、第5题close和closely的用法区别是学生容易出错的地方，整体难度适中，适合巩固非谓语和词形变换的基础知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、短文填空。
Many of my friends have computers at home. 1. are the computers used for?
Judy is a top student. She likes searching for information on the Internet. She says the Internet always provides the 2. (late) news. Our English teacher says 3. (she) computer makes it more convenient for her to do word processing. It's faster and 4. (easy) than writing with pens, isn't it? Jack is a clever boy, and he says he is good at writing computer 5. (program). He hopes that he can be a 6. (success) programmer in the future. And my cousin 7. (spend) much time drawing and designing things on his computer. Moreover, it can help him to be a good fashion designer. Many of my friends send and receive emails online. It's faster than posting letters 8. it costs nothing! Some of my friends say they can chat with 9. (other) on the Internet. And Lucy says she is interested in watching movies on her computer. She downloaded one last week. Tommy often relaxes 10. playing games on the computer, which sometimes makes his parents angry.

三、1. What 2. latest 3. her 4. easier 5. programs 6. successful 7. spends 8. and 9. others 10. by

【分析】
做这类短文填空，首先第一步先通读全文，明确整篇文章的核心主题是介绍不同人使用电脑的不同用途，把握整体时态为一般现在时。之后分两类情况逐空推导：第一类是给出提示词的空，先分析空缺部分在句子中充当的成分，判断需要对提示词做词性转换、时态变形还是单复数变形；第二类是没有提示词的空，结合上下文的逻辑关系、固定搭配推导缺失的功能词，最后再通读全文验证所有空的语法和逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 空后是"are the computers used for"，句意询问电脑的用途，空缺处作介词for的宾语表“什么”，句首首字母需要大写，因此填What。
2. 空缺处修饰名词news，结合语境表达“网络总是提供最新的新闻”，late对应的形容词最高级latest表示“最新的”，因此填latest。
3. 空缺处后接名词computer，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代英语老师的电脑，主格she对应的形容词性物主代词是her，因此填her。
4. 句中出现比较级标志词than，且和前面的faster并列，easy的比较级形式是easier，因此填easier。
5. 固定搭配write computer programs表示“编写电脑程序”，此处泛指多个程序，要用可数名词复数形式，因此填programs。
6. 空缺处修饰名词programmer，需要形容词作定语，名词success对应的形容词形式是successful，表示“成功的”，因此填successful。
7. 主语my cousin是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式，因此填spends。
8. 空缺前后两个分句“它比寄信更快”、“它完全不花钱”是并列顺承的逻辑关系，用并列连词and连接，因此填and。
9. 句意为“他们可以在网上和其他人聊天”，空缺处作介词with的宾语，代词others表示“其他的人”，符合语境，因此填others。
10. 此处表达“通过玩电脑游戏放松”，介词by后接动名词表示“通过某种方式”，符合固定搭配用法，因此填by。
【答案】
1. What 2. latest 3. her 4. easier 5. programs 6. successful 7. spends 8. and 9. others 10. by
【知识点】
词性转换，句法逻辑，固定搭配
【点评】
本题是初中英语基础类短文填空，考点覆盖了初中阶段核心的基础语法点，既考查提示词的词性转换、比较级、主谓一致等变形规则，也考查无提示词的功能词选择，难度梯度平缓，适合学生巩固基础语法和语篇分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、阅读理解。〔人与社会——科技应用与校园治理〕
Cell phones and smartphones are a big part of modern life. Many people use them every day, including kids and teens. Now a lot of people are talking about whether phones should be allowed in school.
Let's get a clear picture of the situation first. 53% of children will own a smartphone by the age of 11 in the US. That number rises up to 95% in teenagers. Surveys show that as well as passing the time, 83% of kids use their phones to learn. Teens can spend over 7 hours a day looking at screens.
These are just some of the many statistics about cell phones among teens. From these, we can see that mobile technology is a big part of life for today's teenagers.
Cell phones in school do have the power of providing super educational help. Cell phones can be used for education through the many educational apps and games out there. Mobile app stores are filled with educational materials for children of all ages. Students can also surf the Internet on their phones. There are plenty of educational resources online, from scientific research papers to exam tips and more.
At the same time, with so many kids spending hours a day looking at their phone screens, there may be problems. One of the big problems that many people talk about is the risk of phones in school becoming a distraction (分散注意力的东西). Kids could start looking at their phones while the teacher is talking and miss out on key information, for example. There's also a risk of kids being unwilling to go out with friends or communicate with other people if they're too distracted by their screens. It's even possible for children of different ages to develop addictions (瘾) to their phones. Some studies have shown that phones could cause mental (精神的) illness.
This means that the government needs to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding about stopping or allowing phones in school.
1. What does the underlined word "statistics" mean?
A. Problems.
B. Stories.
C. Facts.
D. Events.
2. (创新考法·组合式选择) What is the reason for using phones in school according to the article?
① Phones can be used by people of all ages.
② Phones have apps to help with kids' study.
③ Phones allow students to play video games safely.
④ Phones can help students know how to do well in exams.
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ②④
D. ①③
3. Which of the following may the writer agree with?
A. Nearly all the children have phones in the US.
B. Phones in school can greatly improve the students' learning.
C. Teachers fully support the children in using phones in school.
D. The government should think twice about using phones in school.
4. Why does the writer mention mental illness and phone addictions in the article?
A. To show that phones are completely harmful to teenagers' health.
B. To explain why most schools have already banned phones.
C. To stress the possible risks of allowing phones in school.
D. To prove that teenagers use phones more than other age groups.

四、1~4. CCDD

【分析】
这是一篇围绕校园是否允许携带手机展开的议论文，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应技巧逐个突破：
1. 词义猜测题：先定位划线单词的位置，向前查找前文列举的一系列关于青少年手机使用的百分比调研数据，判断这些内容的属性，匹配对应选项即可。
2. 组合式细节选择题：首先定位到原文介绍手机在校使用优势的第四段，逐一核对四个小表述，排除原文没有提及、表述错误的内容，选出符合原文的组合。
3. 作者观点推断题：逐个将选项和原文内容比对，排除和原文数据不符、无中生有、过度解读的选项，找到和尾段作者表述一致的观点。
4. 写作目的题：定位到提及手机成瘾和精神疾病的第五段，结合前后文的论述逻辑，匹配符合作者写作意图的选项。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：划线词"statistics"的前文列举了多组调研数据：美国53%的孩子11岁拥有智能手机、青少年群体该占比达95%、83%的孩子用手机学习、青少年每日屏幕时长超7小时，这些都是调研得到的客观事实，对应选项C（Facts事实），其余选项均不符合词义。
2. 细节组合题：定位原文第四段逐一核对：①表述“所有年龄段的人都可以使用手机”，原文仅提到教育资源适配全年龄段孩子，该表述无依据；②表述“手机有帮助孩子学习的应用”，和原文"Cell phones can be used for education through the many educational apps and games out there"表述一致；③表述“手机允许学生安全玩电子游戏”，原文完全没有提及相关内容；④表述“手机可以帮助学生知道如何在考试中取得好成绩”，和原文"plenty of educational resources online, from scientific research papers to exam tips and more"表述一致。因此符合要求的是②④，选C。
3. 观点推断题：选项A“美国几乎所有孩子都拥有手机”，原文仅说明青少年群体手机拥有率达95%，11岁儿童拥有率仅53%，表述错误；选项B“校园手机可以极大提升学生的学习”，原文仅提到手机有提供教育帮助的能力，并未提及能极大提升学习效果，属于过度解读；选项C“老师完全支持学生在校使用手机”，原文完全没有提及教师的态度，属于无中生有；选项D“政府对于校园使用手机这件事应该三思”，和原文尾段"the government needs to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding about stopping or allowing phones in school"表述完全一致，因此选D。
4. 写作目的题：作者在前文用多组数据证明青少年手机使用时长、普及率远高于其他群体，后续提及手机成瘾、诱发精神疾病的内容，是为了佐证青少年群体手机使用程度更高的特征，对应选项D。其余选项均存在表述绝对、无中生有的问题，不符合原文逻辑。
【答案】
1~4. CCDD
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节理解，推理判断
【点评】
本题贴合校园手机治理的热点现实场景，组合式选择的创新考法要求学生逐一核对细分表述，避免漏看错看，同时引导学生辩证看待手机进校园的利弊，锻炼信息筛选和逻辑思辨能力。
【难度系数】
0.6