一、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子。
hit land sweep through manpower rescue drought
1. Farmers are praying for rain to end the long
2. Be careful not to
3. The news of the victory
4. The main problem we're facing is a shortage of skilled
5. The firefighters
6. After a long flight, we finally
hit land sweep through manpower rescue drought
1. Farmers are praying for rain to end the long
drought
.2. Be careful not to
hit
your head on the low ceiling.3. The news of the victory
swept through
the nation overnight.4. The main problem we're facing is a shortage of skilled
manpower
.5. The firefighters
rescued
the family from the burning building.6. After a long flight, we finally
landed
safely at the airport.答案
1. drought 2. hit 3. swept through
4. manpower 5. rescued 6. landed
4. manpower 5. rescued 6. landed
解析
【分析】
做这类选词完成句子的题目,首先第一步要先明确方框内所有备选单词/短语的含义:hit(撞、击打)、land(着陆)、sweep through(席卷、传遍)、manpower(人力)、rescue(营救)、drought(干旱)。之后逐句分析:先通读句子判断空格处所需的词性,再结合句子的语境语义匹配对应的备选词汇,最后结合句子的时态、固定搭配的语法要求,对词汇做正确的形式变形,排除不符合的选项,最终得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 句意为“农民们正在祈雨,希望结束漫长的______”,结合“祈雨”的语境,空格处对应“干旱”的含义,drought是名词,空前有形容词long修饰,直接填原形drought即可。
2. 句意为“小心别让你的头撞到低矮的天花板”,本句是固定结构be careful not to do sth.,不定式符号to后需要接动词原形,hit表示“碰撞”符合语境,因此填hit。
3. 句意为“胜利的消息一夜之间传遍了全国”,短语sweep through表示“传遍、席卷”,该动作是过去已经发生的,需要使用一般过去时,sweep的过去式为不规则变化swept,因此填swept through。
4. 句意为“我们正面临的主要问题是熟练______的短缺”,manpower是名词,意为“人力”,skilled manpower表示“熟练劳动力”,完全符合语境,manpower为不可数名词,直接填原形manpower。
5. 句意为“消防员从着火的大楼里营救了这一家人”,rescue意为“营救”,营救的动作是已经发生的过去事件,使用一般过去时,rescue的过去式为rescued,因此填rescued。
6. 句意为“长途飞行之后,我们最终在机场安全着陆了”,land作动词可表示“降落、着陆”,该动作发生在过去,使用一般过去时,land的过去式为landed,因此填landed。
【答案】
1. drought 2. hit 3. swept through 4. manpower 5. rescued 6. landed
【知识点】
选词填空,动词时态变形,名词词义辨析
【点评】
本题属于基础词汇运用题型,重点考察学生对给定核心词汇的词义掌握能力,以及对一般过去时规则/不规则变形的运用能力,整体语境辨识度高,没有过难的干扰项,只要能准确匹配句意和词汇含义就能顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类选词完成句子的题目,首先第一步要先明确方框内所有备选单词/短语的含义:hit(撞、击打)、land(着陆)、sweep through(席卷、传遍)、manpower(人力)、rescue(营救)、drought(干旱)。之后逐句分析:先通读句子判断空格处所需的词性,再结合句子的语境语义匹配对应的备选词汇,最后结合句子的时态、固定搭配的语法要求,对词汇做正确的形式变形,排除不符合的选项,最终得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 句意为“农民们正在祈雨,希望结束漫长的______”,结合“祈雨”的语境,空格处对应“干旱”的含义,drought是名词,空前有形容词long修饰,直接填原形drought即可。
2. 句意为“小心别让你的头撞到低矮的天花板”,本句是固定结构be careful not to do sth.,不定式符号to后需要接动词原形,hit表示“碰撞”符合语境,因此填hit。
3. 句意为“胜利的消息一夜之间传遍了全国”,短语sweep through表示“传遍、席卷”,该动作是过去已经发生的,需要使用一般过去时,sweep的过去式为不规则变化swept,因此填swept through。
4. 句意为“我们正面临的主要问题是熟练______的短缺”,manpower是名词,意为“人力”,skilled manpower表示“熟练劳动力”,完全符合语境,manpower为不可数名词,直接填原形manpower。
5. 句意为“消防员从着火的大楼里营救了这一家人”,rescue意为“营救”,营救的动作是已经发生的过去事件,使用一般过去时,rescue的过去式为rescued,因此填rescued。
6. 句意为“长途飞行之后,我们最终在机场安全着陆了”,land作动词可表示“降落、着陆”,该动作发生在过去,使用一般过去时,land的过去式为landed,因此填landed。
【答案】
1. drought 2. hit 3. swept through 4. manpower 5. rescued 6. landed
【知识点】
选词填空,动词时态变形,名词词义辨析
【点评】
本题属于基础词汇运用题型,重点考察学生对给定核心词汇的词义掌握能力,以及对一般过去时规则/不规则变形的运用能力,整体语境辨识度高,没有过难的干扰项,只要能准确匹配句意和词汇含义就能顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、语法填空。
Last Friday a storm swept 1. two villages, destroying 破坏
fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed 2. their owners had to leave them, and fifteen had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were 3. (bad) hurt and taken to hospital, and a lot of other people were smaller hurt. Over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm 4. ______ (begin) early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I 5. ______ (cook) in the kitchen," he said, "when we heard a loud sound. A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best 6. ______ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him safe 7. ______ very scared."
Mrs Wu said that her husband just left 8. work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside with her children at once. "There was no time to take anything," she said. "A few minutes 9. (late), the roof came down."
The policemen helped to take people to 10. (safe) and the government brought them food, clothes, shelter and some other things.
Last Friday a storm swept 1. two villages, destroying 破坏
fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly destroyed 2. their owners had to leave them, and fifteen had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were 3. (bad) hurt and taken to hospital, and a lot of other people were smaller hurt. Over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm 4. ______ (begin) early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I 5. ______ (cook) in the kitchen," he said, "when we heard a loud sound. A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best 6. ______ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him safe 7. ______ very scared."
Mrs Wu said that her husband just left 8. work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside with her children at once. "There was no time to take anything," she said. "A few minutes 9. (late), the roof came down."
The policemen helped to take people to 10. (safe) and the government brought them food, clothes, shelter and some other things.
答案
1. through 2. that 3. badly 4. began
5. was cooking 6. to climb 7. but 8. for
9. later 10. safety
5. was cooking 6. to climb 7. but 8. for
9. later 10. safety
解析
【分析】
这是一篇记叙风暴袭击村庄事件的语法填空题,解题思路可以按三步走:第一步先通读全文,明确故事整体发生在过去的时间背景下,理清文章叙事逻辑;第二步逐个分析空格:1. 结合主语storm和宾语two villages的搭配,回忆表示“席卷、横扫”的固定短语;2. 看到前面的so badly destroyed,立刻联想到so...that...的结果状语从句结构;3. 空格修饰后面的动词hurt,副词才能修饰动词,所以要把给出的形容词bad变形;4. 全文是过去时态,and后面的lasted用了过去式,并列的begin也要变过去式;5. 语境是风暴来的那个瞬间“我正在厨房做饭”,要用过去进行时;6. 回忆try的固定搭配,try one's best后面接不定式;7. 前面说孩子是安全的,后面说非常害怕,是转折逻辑,填转折连词;8. 看到leave和后面的work,回忆表示“动身去某地”的固定搭配leave for;9. 表示“一段时间之后”的固定表达是...later,把late变形;10. 介词to后面要接名词作宾语,把形容词safe变成对应的名词形式。第三步填完所有空后通读检查,确认语法和语义都通顺。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定短语sweep through,意为“席卷、横扫”,表示风暴穿过两个村庄,故填through。
2. 此处是固定结构so...that...,意为“如此……以至于……”,表示7栋房屋损毁极其严重以至于屋主不得不离开,引导结果状语从句,故填that。
3. 空格修饰动词hurt,需要用副词形式,形容词bad的副词是badly,badly hurt表示“重伤”,故填badly。
4. 全文叙事时态为一般过去时,and并列谓语动词,后面的lasted用了过去式,begin的过去式为began,故填began。
5. 此处考查过去进行时,语境表示“当时我正在厨房里做饭,突然听到巨响”,主语是I,be动词用was,cook的现在分词是cooking,故填was cooking。
6. 此处考查固定搭配try one's best to do sth.,意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”,所以不定式符号to后面接动词原形climb,故填to climb。
7. 空前“孩子是安全的”和空后“孩子非常害怕”是转折逻辑,用转折连词but连接,故填but。
8. 此处考查固定搭配leave for work,意为“动身去上班”,故填for。
9. 此处考查固定表达a few minutes later,意为“几分钟之后”,late变形为later,故填later。
10. 介词to后面需要接名词作宾语,形容词safe的名词形式是safety,意为“安全地带”,故填safety。
【答案】
1. through 2. that 3. badly 4. began
5. was cooking 6. to climb 7. but 8. for
9. later 10. safety
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,词形转换,动词时态
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的记叙文类语法填空,所有考点都是初中阶段的核心基础语法点,没有偏题怪题,只要学生平时积累好常见的固定短语搭配,掌握好动词时态判断、形容词副词变形等基础规则,结合上下文语境分析逻辑就能顺利完成,适合用来巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇记叙风暴袭击村庄事件的语法填空题,解题思路可以按三步走:第一步先通读全文,明确故事整体发生在过去的时间背景下,理清文章叙事逻辑;第二步逐个分析空格:1. 结合主语storm和宾语two villages的搭配,回忆表示“席卷、横扫”的固定短语;2. 看到前面的so badly destroyed,立刻联想到so...that...的结果状语从句结构;3. 空格修饰后面的动词hurt,副词才能修饰动词,所以要把给出的形容词bad变形;4. 全文是过去时态,and后面的lasted用了过去式,并列的begin也要变过去式;5. 语境是风暴来的那个瞬间“我正在厨房做饭”,要用过去进行时;6. 回忆try的固定搭配,try one's best后面接不定式;7. 前面说孩子是安全的,后面说非常害怕,是转折逻辑,填转折连词;8. 看到leave和后面的work,回忆表示“动身去某地”的固定搭配leave for;9. 表示“一段时间之后”的固定表达是...later,把late变形;10. 介词to后面要接名词作宾语,把形容词safe变成对应的名词形式。第三步填完所有空后通读检查,确认语法和语义都通顺。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定短语sweep through,意为“席卷、横扫”,表示风暴穿过两个村庄,故填through。
2. 此处是固定结构so...that...,意为“如此……以至于……”,表示7栋房屋损毁极其严重以至于屋主不得不离开,引导结果状语从句,故填that。
3. 空格修饰动词hurt,需要用副词形式,形容词bad的副词是badly,badly hurt表示“重伤”,故填badly。
4. 全文叙事时态为一般过去时,and并列谓语动词,后面的lasted用了过去式,begin的过去式为began,故填began。
5. 此处考查过去进行时,语境表示“当时我正在厨房里做饭,突然听到巨响”,主语是I,be动词用was,cook的现在分词是cooking,故填was cooking。
6. 此处考查固定搭配try one's best to do sth.,意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”,所以不定式符号to后面接动词原形climb,故填to climb。
7. 空前“孩子是安全的”和空后“孩子非常害怕”是转折逻辑,用转折连词but连接,故填but。
8. 此处考查固定搭配leave for work,意为“动身去上班”,故填for。
9. 此处考查固定表达a few minutes later,意为“几分钟之后”,late变形为later,故填later。
10. 介词to后面需要接名词作宾语,形容词safe的名词形式是safety,意为“安全地带”,故填safety。
【答案】
1. through 2. that 3. badly 4. began
5. was cooking 6. to climb 7. but 8. for
9. later 10. safety
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,词形转换,动词时态
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的记叙文类语法填空,所有考点都是初中阶段的核心基础语法点,没有偏题怪题,只要学生平时积累好常见的固定短语搭配,掌握好动词时态判断、形容词副词变形等基础规则,结合上下文语境分析逻辑就能顺利完成,适合用来巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
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