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B
Lightning happens all over the world! It is very common. It is said that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth. Lightning is also very dangerous. So how to stay safe during a lightning storm is important.
Outdoor lightning storm
If you are outside, you should find a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to hit you. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree.
Nowhere to hide
If you are outside during a lightning storm and there is no safe shelter, these actions may keep you safe:
• Immediately leave high land areas, such as hills or mountains.
• Never lie on the ground.
• Never shelter under a tree or sit in the open air.
• Immediately get out of any bodies of water and stay away from those areas.
• Stay away from objects that can conduct electricity, such as tall buildings, power lines, and so on.
Indoor lightning storm
Stay off wired phones, computers and other equipment, because these can put you in direct contact with electricity.
• Avoid any areas with running water.
• Remain indoors but stay away from windows and doors.
• Do not lie on concrete floors or touch concrete walls.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A. 100 B. 6000
C. 600 D. 1000
(
A. Cover. B. Home.
C. Park. D. Tree.
(
A. indoors
B. in open areas or near a tree
C. near bodies of water
D. in tall buildings
(
A. we should stay on the mountain top
B. a big tree in the open air is a perfect place to stay
C. we can play computer games as usual
D. we should keep away from water
(
A. How Does Lightning Happen.
B. How to Stay Safe During a Lightning Storm.
C. Bad Influences of Lightning.
D. How to Help the Lightning Victims.
Lightning happens all over the world! It is very common. It is said that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth. Lightning is also very dangerous. So how to stay safe during a lightning storm is important.
Outdoor lightning storm
If you are outside, you should find a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to hit you. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree.
Nowhere to hide
If you are outside during a lightning storm and there is no safe shelter, these actions may keep you safe:
• Immediately leave high land areas, such as hills or mountains.
• Never lie on the ground.
• Never shelter under a tree or sit in the open air.
• Immediately get out of any bodies of water and stay away from those areas.
• Stay away from objects that can conduct electricity, such as tall buildings, power lines, and so on.
Indoor lightning storm
Stay off wired phones, computers and other equipment, because these can put you in direct contact with electricity.
• Avoid any areas with running water.
• Remain indoors but stay away from windows and doors.
• Do not lie on concrete floors or touch concrete walls.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
B
)6. According to the text, about 6000
lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth every minute.A. 100 B. 6000
C. 600 D. 1000
(
A
)7. What does the underlined word "shelter" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Cover. B. Home.
C. Park. D. Tree.
(
B
)8. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree
.A. indoors
B. in open areas or near a tree
C. near bodies of water
D. in tall buildings
(
D
)9. The writer may agree that we should keep away from water
when there is a lightning storm.A. we should stay on the mountain top
B. a big tree in the open air is a perfect place to stay
C. we can play computer games as usual
D. we should keep away from water
(
B
)10. What's the best title of the text?A. How Does Lightning Happen.
B. How to Stay Safe During a Lightning Storm.
C. Bad Influences of Lightning.
D. How to Help the Lightning Victims.
答案
6. B 文中提到每秒雷击约100次,每分钟有60秒,则每分钟雷击约6,000次。故选B。
7. A "shelter"在文中指能提供保护的地方,"cover"有"遮蔽处"的意思。故选A。
8. B
9. D 文中明确说雷暴发生时要远离水域(get out of any bodies of water)。故选D。
10. B 文章主要介绍了雷暴期间如何保持安全。故选B。
7. A "shelter"在文中指能提供保护的地方,"cover"有"遮蔽处"的意思。故选A。
8. B
9. D 文中明确说雷暴发生时要远离水域(get out of any bodies of water)。故选D。
10. B 文章主要介绍了雷暴期间如何保持安全。故选B。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，核心介绍雷暴天气的安全防护知识，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的关键词，带着问题回原文定位对应段落；2. 细节类题目直接匹配原文给出的信息，涉及计算的结合常识换算单位；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境排除不符合场景的选项；4. 主旨大意题重点看文章首尾段的核心主题句，排除偏离核心的选项，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
6. 细节计算题：根据原文第一段"It is said that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth"可知每秒约有100次雷击，1分钟包含60秒，计算可得100×60=6000，即每分钟约6000次雷击，对应选项B。
7. 词义猜测题：划线词shelter所在句意为“如果你在户外，你应该找一个安全的______来获得保护”，结合雷暴天需要躲避雷电的场景，A选项cover有“遮蔽处”的含义，符合语境；B选项家不属于户外场景下的寻找目标，C选项公园、D选项树木都不是雷暴天的安全躲避处，均不符合，故选A。
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句"Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree"可直接得到答案，对应选项B。
9. 细节判断题：逐一比对选项：A选项“待在山顶”和原文要求立刻离开高地的规则相悖；B选项“户外的大树是绝佳躲避处”和原文禁止在树下躲避的规则相悖；C选项“照常玩电脑游戏”和原文要求远离有线电脑等带电设备的规则相悖；D选项“远离水域”完全符合原文“立刻离开所有水域、远离该区域”的要求，故选D。
10. 主旨大意题：文章首段就点明“雷暴天气如何保障安全十分重要”，后续分别介绍了户外、室内雷暴天气的安全注意事项，全文核心主题是雷暴期间如何保持安全，对应选项B。
【答案】
6.B 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题属于生活科普类阅读，整体难度偏低，绝大多数题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，仅第6题涉及简单的单位换算小计算，既考察了学生的信息提取能力，也能让学生掌握实用的雷暴避险常识，兼具考察性和科普实用性。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，核心介绍雷暴天气的安全防护知识，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览所有题干，标记每道题的关键词，带着问题回原文定位对应段落；2. 细节类题目直接匹配原文给出的信息，涉及计算的结合常识换算单位；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境排除不符合场景的选项；4. 主旨大意题重点看文章首尾段的核心主题句，排除偏离核心的选项，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
6. 细节计算题：根据原文第一段"It is said that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth"可知每秒约有100次雷击，1分钟包含60秒，计算可得100×60=6000，即每分钟约6000次雷击，对应选项B。
7. 词义猜测题：划线词shelter所在句意为“如果你在户外，你应该找一个安全的______来获得保护”，结合雷暴天需要躲避雷电的场景，A选项cover有“遮蔽处”的含义，符合语境；B选项家不属于户外场景下的寻找目标，C选项公园、D选项树木都不是雷暴天的安全躲避处，均不符合，故选A。
8. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句"Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree"可直接得到答案，对应选项B。
9. 细节判断题：逐一比对选项：A选项“待在山顶”和原文要求立刻离开高地的规则相悖；B选项“户外的大树是绝佳躲避处”和原文禁止在树下躲避的规则相悖；C选项“照常玩电脑游戏”和原文要求远离有线电脑等带电设备的规则相悖；D选项“远离水域”完全符合原文“立刻离开所有水域、远离该区域”的要求，故选D。
10. 主旨大意题：文章首段就点明“雷暴天气如何保障安全十分重要”，后续分别介绍了户外、室内雷暴天气的安全注意事项，全文核心主题是雷暴期间如何保持安全，对应选项B。
【答案】
6.B 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题属于生活科普类阅读，整体难度偏低，绝大多数题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，仅第6题涉及简单的单位换算小计算，既考察了学生的信息提取能力，也能让学生掌握实用的雷暴避险常识，兼具考察性和科普实用性。
【难度系数】
0.8
