一、阅读理解。
阅读下面两篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
A
My name is Chen Hao. I was in Grade 8 when a strong earthquake happened. It was a math class. Mr. Wang was writing on the blackboard. I was taking notes when my chair started to shake. At first, I thought a classmate pushed it. But soon the desk shook too, and chalks fell from the blackboard.
"Earthquake! Hide under desks!" Mr. Wang shouted. The classroom got messy. I quickly got under my desk. I heard books fall and my classmates crying. Those seconds felt so long. When the shaking paused, the teacher said, "Run to the playground! Don't push!"
On the playground, we saw big cracks in the school building. Our head teacher, Ms. Zhang, checked if all students were there. We stood, legs shaking. Now and then, the ground shook a little again.
Parents came to take us home. My dad took me on his bike. In our neighborhood, many bikes were on the ground. Grandma Li's flower pots were broken. At home, our fish tank fell, and water was everywhere. Books were scattered. My mother was waiting for us at the door. She held my hands tightly. Later, we heard the next county was worse. Some old houses fell. People lived in tents.
Now, I still remember that day. Disasters can come suddenly. But if we learn to protect ourselves, we'll be safer.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. Where was Chen Hao when the ground started shaking?
A. At home.
B. On the playground.
C. In the classroom.
D. In the neighborhood.
()2. What does the underlined word "scattered" in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. To be in a mess.
B. To be tidy.
C. To be in a box.
D. To be under the bed.
()3. What is the right order of the following sentences according to the text?
①Chen Hao saw damage to his house.
②Chen Hao's classmates were crying.
③Chen Hao was taking notes in class.
④Teachers took students to the playground.
A. ②③①④ B. ③②④①
C. ②④③① D. ③④②①
()4. How did Chen Hao's feelings change according to the text?
A. Calm→scared→Feel safe.
B. Scared→safe→thoughtful.
C. Happy→scared→sad.
D. Sad→calm→Feel lucky.
()5. What did Chen Hao learn from the event?
A. How to repair houses after disasters.
B. The importance of learning to protect oneself.
C. The best way to help others in earthquakes.
D. Why natural disasters happen suddenly.

1. C 根据第一段“It was a math class... I was taking notes when my chair started to shake”可知，地震发生时陈浩在教室里。故选C。
2. A 结合地震时物品散落的场景可知，“scattered”指书被弄得杂乱不堪。故选A。
3. B 原文顺序为：陈浩在课堂记笔记③→同学哭泣②→老师带学生去操场④→陈浩看到家里损坏①。故选B。
4. B 地震时陈浩处于混乱场景中，会感到害怕；回家后见到父母，感到安全；最后从事件中感悟到保护自己的重要性，变得有所思考。故选B。
5. B 根据最后一句“But if we learn to protect ourselves, we'll be safer”可知，陈浩懂得了学会保护自己的重要性。故选B。

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文，梳理清楚作者陈浩回忆地震发生的完整时间线：从正在上数学课地震突发，到老师组织避险撤离到操场，再到回家看到周边和家中的受灾情况，最后得到相关感悟。之后逐个对应题目求解：第1题作为细节题，直接用题干关键词“地震发生时陈浩的位置”回原文定位即可；第2题词义猜测题，结合地震后家中物品散落混乱的上下文场景推导词义；第3题排序题，逐个定位四个事件在原文出现的先后位置，比对后排除错项得到正确顺序；第4题情感变化题，顺着事件发展的不同阶段梳理作者的情绪转变逻辑；第5题主旨感悟题，直接定位文章结尾的总结句就能得到答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段内容“It was a math class. Mr. Wang was writing on the blackboard. I was taking notes when my chair started to shake”，可知地震发生时陈浩正在上数学课，身处教室中，对应选项C。
2. 划线词所在句的前文提到地震后鱼缸摔碎、水流得到处都是，结合地震过后物品散落杂乱的场景，可推知“scattered”是形容书本散落、一片狼藉的状态，对应选项A“处于混乱状态”。
3. 逐个定位事件位置：③陈浩在课上记笔记是地震刚发生前的状态，出现在第一段；②陈浩听到同学哭泣是他躲到书桌下时发生的事，出现在第二段前半部分；④老师组织学生跑到操场是地震暂停后的安排，出现在第二段后半部分；①陈浩看到自家房屋的损毁情况是他回到家之后发生的事，出现在第四段。正确顺序为③②④①，对应选项B。
4. 梳理事件对应的情绪：地震突发身处混乱的教室时，陈浩是害怕恐慌的；之后到操场、等到父母接自己回家见到家人后，他获得安全感；最后经历完整个事件，他得出了关于灾害自救的思考，情绪转变为有所感悟，对应选项B的“害怕→安心→深思”的变化逻辑。
5. 定位全文最后一句“But if we learn to protect ourselves, we'll be safer”，可知陈浩从这次事件中学到了学会自我保护的重要性，对应选项B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，阅读逻辑排序
【点评】
本篇是灾害主题的记叙文阅读，整体以细节考查为主，大部分题目只要准确定位原文对应内容即可快速选出答案，难度较低。其中排序题和情感变化题是易错题，需要学生耐心梳理事件的先后顺序，结合上下文的场景推导人物情绪，避免主观臆断选错。
【难度系数】
0.8