2026年同步练习册山东友谊出版社七年级英语下册鲁教版第108页答案
(一)根据音标写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. Eating too much before exercising can
cause a bad
stomach
/'stʌmək/.
2. She decides to join a hiking club to
improve her
fitness
/'fɪtnəs/
every day.
3. The river slowly
shaped
/'ʃeɪpt/ the
rocks into round forms.
4. Tom told me the good news with
excitement

/ik'saɪtmənt/ just now.
5. The teacher always tries to be
fair

/feə(r)/ to every student in class.
6. Could you please take this
empty

/'empti/ box to the kitchen?
7. You must finish this report
within

/wɪ'ðɪn/ two hours if you want to leave.
8. True friendship has a far greater
value

/'vælju:/ than money.
9. It's
likely
/'laɪkli/ to rain this
afternoon, so don't forget to take an
umbrella.
10. She
entered
/'entəd/ the singing
competition to challenge herself.

答案

1. stomach 2. fitness 3. shaped
4. excitement 5. fair 6. empty
7. within 8. value 9. likely
10. entered

解析

【分析】
本题要求根据音标及句子语境填写正确的单词,解题思路为:1. 准确读出每个小题给出的音标,对应匹配学过的单词;2. 结合句子的语法结构(如词性、时态)和句意,确定单词的正确形式;3. 核对单词拼写,确保符合要求。
【解析】
1. 音标/'stʌmək/,结合句意“运动前吃太多会导致胃不舒服”,对应单词stomach;
2. 音标/'fɪtnəs/,结合句意“加入徒步俱乐部提高健康水平”,对应单词fitness;
3. 音标/'ʃeɪpt/,句子描述过去的动作,需用动词过去式,对应单词shaped;
4. 音标/ik'saɪtmənt/,介词with后接名词,对应单词excitement;
5. 音标/feə(r)/,be动词后接形容词,对应单词fair;
6. 音标/'empti/,修饰名词box需用形容词,对应单词empty;
7. 音标/wɪ'ðɪn/,表示时间范围的介词,对应单词within;
8. 音标/'vælju:/,形容词后接名词,对应单词value;
9. 音标/'laɪkli/,固定句型It's likely to do sth.中用形容词,对应单词likely;
10. 音标/'entəd/,描述过去的动作,需用动词过去式,对应单词entered。
【答案】
1. stomach 2. fitness 3. shaped 4. excitement 5. fair 6. empty 7. within 8. value 9. likely 10. entered
【知识点】
根据音标写单词、词汇运用
【点评】
本题为基础题型,考查常见单词的音标识别、拼写及语境运用,难度较低,适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.8
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. She spent three months preparing for the
singing
competition
(compete).
2. She believes that true
beauty

(beautiful) comes from kindness.
3. She
actively
(active) volunteers every
weekend to help the old.
4. It is likely
to rain
(rain) this afternoon,
so you'd better take an umbrella.
5. She hopes to have a chance
to travel

(travel) around Europe next summer.
6.
Education
(educate) is the key to opening
doors to better personal growth.
7. Remember
to turn
(turn) off the lights
before you leave the office.
8. It's bad
to speak
(speak) loudly in the
library.
9. Every Spring Festival, my family make
traditional
(tradition) dumplings together.
10. She joined a
fitness
(fit) club last
month to keep healthy.

答案

1. competition 2. beauty 3. actively
4. to rain 5. to travel 6. Education
7. to turn 8. to speak 9. traditional
10. fitness

解析

【分析】
本题为用所给词的适当形式填空,核心是根据句子结构、词性要求及固定搭配,对所给单词进行变形。需先判断每个空缺处所需的词性,再结合语法规则或固定搭配确定正确形式,具体如下:
1. 判断空缺处需名词,对应singing修饰的对象;
2. 判断空缺处需名词,对应形容词true修饰的对象;
3. 判断空缺处需副词,对应修饰动词volunteers;
4. 考查固定搭配“it's likely to do sth”;
5. 考查固定搭配“have a chance to do sth”;
6. 判断空缺处需名词,对应作句子主语;
7. 考查固定搭配“remember to do sth”(记得要做未做之事);
8. 考查固定搭配“it's bad to do sth”;
9. 判断空缺处需形容词,对应修饰名词dumplings;
10. 判断空缺处需名词,对应构成固定短语fitness club。
【解析】
1. 句意:她花了三个月准备歌唱比赛。singing为定语,后接名词,compete的名词形式为competition,故填competition;
2. 句意:她相信真正的美来自善良。形容词true修饰名词,beautiful的名词形式为beauty,故填beauty;
3. 句意:她每个周末积极志愿帮助老人。修饰动词volunteers需用副词,active的副词形式为actively,故填actively;
4. 固定搭配“it's likely to do sth”表示“可能做某事”,故填to rain;
5. 固定搭配“have a chance to do sth”表示“有机会做某事”,故填to travel;
6. 空缺处作主语需用名词,educate的名词形式为Education(句首首字母大写),故填Education;
7. 固定搭配“remember to do sth”表示“记得要做某事”,故填to turn;
8. 固定搭配“it's bad to do sth”表示“做某事是不好的”,故填to speak;
9. 修饰名词dumplings需用形容词,tradition的形容词形式为traditional,故填traditional;
10. 构成固定短语fitness club(健身俱乐部),fit的名词形式为fitness,故填fitness。
【答案】
1. competition 2. beauty 3. actively 4. to rain 5. to travel 6. Education 7. to turn 8. to speak 9. traditional 10. fitness
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、名词用法
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的词汇变形与常用固定搭配,是日常学习的核心基础题型,需熟练掌握常见词的词性变化规则及固定短语的用法。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、句子
翻译句子。
1. 放学后,学生们积极参加各种各样的体
育活动。
After school the students actively take part in different kinds of physical activities.

2. 如果我们努力学习,我们将有机会上
大学。
If we study hard, we will have a chance to go to university.

3. 每天晚上熬夜对你的身体健康不好。
It's bad for your health to stay up late every night.

4. 她或许跑得比我快。
She is likely to run faster than me.

5. 在中国,体育是最受学生欢迎的学科之一。
Physical education is one of the most popular subjects in China.

答案

1. After school the students actively
take part in different kinds of
physical activities.
2. If we study hard, we will have a
chance to go to university.
3. It's bad for your health to stay up
late every night.
4. She is likely to run faster than me.
5. Physical education is one of the
most popular subjects in China.

解析

【分析】
本题为汉译英题型,解题思路如下:1. 拆分原句核心成分(主语、谓语、宾语、状语等);2. 匹配英语常用表达与句型,如时间状语、条件状语从句、形式主语结构、比较级/最高级结构等;3. 确保固定短语使用准确,调整语序符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】
1. 时间状语“放学后”译为After school,主语“学生们”译为the students,谓语短语“积极参加”译为actively take part in,宾语“各种各样的体育活动”译为different kinds of physical activities,组合成句;
2. 原句为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句“如果我们努力学习”译为If we study hard,主句“我们将有机会上大学”译为we will have a chance to go to university;
3. 原句主语为“每天晚上熬夜”,用英语形式主语结构It's + adj + for sb + to do sth,“对你的身体健康不好”译为bad for your health,“熬夜”译为stay up late,“每天晚上”译为every night,组合成句;
4. “或许”用be likely to结构,“跑得比我快”译为run faster than me,主语为she,组合成句;
5. “体育”译为Physical education,“最受学生欢迎的学科之一”译为one of the most popular subjects,地点状语“在中国”译为in China,组合成句。
【答案】
1. After school the students actively take part in different kinds of physical activities.
2. If we study hard, we will have a chance to go to university.
3. It's bad for your health to stay up late every night.
4. She is likely to run faster than me.
5. Physical education is one of the most popular subjects in China.
【知识点】
汉译英、英语常用句型
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习题,考察学生对常用短语、核心句型(如条件状语从句、形式主语结构、最高级结构)的掌握,是初中英语常见题型,注重基础词汇与句式的运用。
【难度系数】
0.7