能力分层训练
基础巩固
一、用方框中所给的单词填空。

1. He used the house as a for his art business.
2. My little sister got when we were shopping in the market.
3. We should respect others because it's important for a good .
4. I have read three interesting books as I have a lot of free time after work.
5. Our teacher asked us to write a short work, such as a poem or a short story.

1. base 2. lost 3. society 4. recently
5. literary

【分析】
本题为选词填空题，需先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：base（名词，基地、基础）、literary（形容词，文学的）、lost（形容词，迷路的）、recently（副词，最近）、society（名词，社会）。再结合每个句子的语境、语法结构，匹配合适的单词：
1. 句子需名词作介词as的宾语，结合“把房子作为艺术生意的…”，选表“基地”的base；
2. 句子需构成固定搭配，get lost意为“迷路”，符合语境；
3. 句子需名词，结合“尊重他人对良好…重要”，选表“社会”的society；
4. 句子需时间副词，结合“读了三本有趣的书”的时间状语，选recently；
5. 句子需形容词修饰名词work，结合“诗歌、短篇故事”，选表“文学的”的literary。
【解析】
1. 句意：他把这所房子作为他艺术生意的基地。base为名词，意为“基地”，符合as a base for...的语境与语法要求，故填base；
2. 句意：我们在市场购物时，我妹妹迷路了。get lost是固定短语，意为“迷路”，lost为形容词，符合搭配，故填lost；
3. 句意：我们应该尊重他人，因为这对良好的社会很重要。society为名词，意为“社会”，符合语境，故填society；
4. 句意：最近我读了三本有趣的书，因为下班后有很多空闲时间。recently为时间副词，在句中作状语，符合句子结构，故填recently；
5. 句意：我们老师让我们写短篇文学作品，比如诗歌或短篇故事。literary为形容词，修饰名词work，构成literary work（文学作品），符合语境，故填literary。
【答案】
1. base 2. lost 3. society 4. recently 5. literary
【知识点】
选词填空；词性词义辨析；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础巩固类选词填空题，重点考查单词的词义、词性及语境运用，涉及固定短语、形容词修饰名词等基础语法，难度较低，适合夯实基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. They never (be) to Beijing, and they hope to go there one day.
2. Lucy has (hear) of The Little Prince but she has never (read) it before.
3. I am so tired because I (do) all the housework by myself since this morning.
4. you (try) the milk tea in the new shop nearby?
5. He just (finish) his English homework, so he can play for a while.
6. Our school will have a party tomorrow, but we (not practise) the school song yet.

1. have; been 2. heard; read 3. have done
4. Have; tried 5. has; finished
6. haven't practised

【分析】这几道题均考查现在完成时的用法，解题思路为：1. 先识别句子中的时间标志词（如never、since、yet、just、before等），判断需使用现在完成时；2. 确定主语的单复数，选择正确的助动词have/has；3. 掌握动词的过去分词形式（包括不规则变化），结合句式（陈述句、疑问句、否定句）调整结构。
【解析】1. 主语They为复数，时间标志never，现在完成时结构为have+过去分词，be的过去分词是been，故填have; been；2. 句子为现在完成时，has后接动词过去分词，hear的过去分词是heard，read的过去分词仍为read，故填heard; read；3. 时间标志since this morning，主语I，现在完成时用have done，故填have done；4. 为现在完成时的一般疑问句，主语you，助动词用Have，try的过去分词是tried，故填Have; tried；5. 主语He为第三人称单数，时间标志just，现在完成时用has+过去分词，finish的过去分词是finished，故填has; finished；6. 时间标志yet用于否定句，主语we，现在完成时否定式为haven't+过去分词，practise的过去分词是practised，故填haven't practised；
【答案】1. have; been 2. heard; read 3. have done 4. Have; tried 5. has; finished 6. haven't practised
【知识点】现在完成时、不规则动词的过去分词
【点评】本题围绕现在完成时的核心考点命题，涵盖助动词选择、句式变化及不规则动词过去分词的运用，是初中英语时态的基础题型，需重点掌握时间标志词的识别和现在完成时的结构。
【难度系数】0.6

三、根据上下文意思，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其正确形式补全短文。
recommend read decide hope base
I've always been curious about different cultures. Last year, I
1. to explore more literary works from different cultures. A friend
2. a novel titled The Alchemist to me. 3. on a shepherd's journey to find treasure, this book is full of wisdom about following dreams. I was determined 4. it although I was very busy. The story not only touched my heart but also inspired me. Now, I often share such books with others,
5. they can experience the power of stories. Each book is like a door to a new world, waiting for our discovery.

1. decided 2. recommended 3. Based
4. to read 5. hoping

【分析】
本题为选词填空，需结合上下文语境、时态规则、固定搭配及非谓语动词知识解题。先通读短文把握整体时态（以一般过去时为主，伴随现在分词作状语），再逐个分析每个空：1. 根据时间状语确定动词过去式；2. 结合语境判断过去动作的动词形式；3. 运用固定短语的分词形式；4. 依据固定搭配确定不定式；5. 分析主动关系确定现在分词作伴随状语。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语Last year可知，句子用一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided，故填decided；
2. 结合语境“朋友推荐小说”是过去发生的动作，recommend的过去式为recommended，故填recommended；
3. 固定短语based on（基于），此处用过去分词作状语，首字母大写，故填Based；
4. 固定搭配be determined to do sth（决定做某事），需用read的不定式形式to read，故填to read；
5. 此处作伴随状语，主语I与hope是主动关系，用hope的现在分词hoping，故填hoping。
【答案】
1. decided 2. recommended 3. Based 4. to read 5. hoping
【知识点】
一般过去时、固定搭配、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题考查选词填空，侧重基础语法（时态、非谓语）和固定短语的运用，需结合上下文逻辑分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Barbara Cooney had worked on children's books for over sixty years before she died in 2000. She wrote some and she
1 pictures for her own books and those written by others. You can see her 2 on more than 100 books.
Barbara was known for her 3 work. One example is her retelling of Chanticleer and the Fox (《金嗓子和狐狸》). It is a story that was set in the 14th century in England. Barbara looked up many books to find the 4 . She once said that every flower and grass in her pictures 5 grew in England at that time.
Three of her books were close to her life. One is Miss Rumphius (《花婆婆》). The second book is called Island Boy (《小岛男孩》). The third one is called Hattie and the Wild Waves (《海蒂和激浪》). Among Barbara's books, the most 6 one is Miss Rumphius. It first 7 in 1982 and won the American Book Award. This book is loved by a lot of people.
Many 8 stories in Barbara's later books are set in the small northeastern state of Maine. She 9 summers there when she was a child, and then moved to Maine in her later years.
She 10 Maine. She gave the local library almost a million dollars. The state also showed its love for her. In 1996, the governor (州长)of Maine regarded Barbara as a "State Treasure".
1. A. offered B. showed
C. bought D. took ()
2. A. country B. family
C. age D. name ()
3. A. careless B. proper
C. careful D. false ()
4. A. fact B. habit
C. work D. world ()
5. A. really B. nearly
C. hardly D. badly ()
6. A. terrible B. traditional
C. relaxing D. popular ()
7. A. brought up B. came up
C. came out D. got out ()
8. A. true B. wonderful
C. boring D. new ()
9. A. chose B. liked
C. spent D. missed ()
10. A. loved B. hated
C. wanted D. treated ()

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C
8. B 9. C 10. A

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文，理解文章围绕儿童书作家Barbara Cooney的生平与创作展开的核心内容，再结合每个空的上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配逐一分析选项，选出最符合文意的答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到她写一些书，后文对应“为自己和他人的书________插画”，offer表示“提供”，符合“创作并提供插画”的语境，故选A。
2. 第2空：句意是“你能在100多本书上看到她的________”，结合常识，创作者的名字会出现在书籍上，name符合，故选D。
3. 第3空：后文提到她查阅大量书籍找资料，说明她工作认真细致，careful（细心的）符合语境，故选C。
4. 第4空：她查阅书籍是为了还原故事的真实细节，fact（事实）符合“查找真实依据”的逻辑，故选A。
5. 第5空：她强调画中的花草确实是当时英国存在的，really（真正地）符合文意，故选A。
6. 第6空：后文提到这本书被很多人喜爱，说明它是最受欢迎的，popular（受欢迎的）符合，故选D。
7. 第7空：表示书籍“出版”的短语是come out，符合语境，故选C。
8. 第8空：描述她后期书中的故事，wonderful（精彩的）符合“受喜爱的故事”的特点，故选B。
9. 第9空：“度过夏天”用spend summers，符合语境，故选C。
10. 第10空：后文提到她捐钱给当地图书馆、被评为“州宝藏”，说明她热爱缅因州，loved符合，故选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
完形填空词义辨析、语境理解、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕儿童书作家Barbara Cooney展开，题目侧重考查语境逻辑与常用词汇的辨析，需结合上下文细节和词义选择答案，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6