五、词汇运用
A. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中,每词仅用一次。
disappointment, without, carefully, know, sunshine, make a promise
Helping others is a good thing we all should do. It makes the world a nicer place for everyone. When you help someone, you bring 21. into their day. But sometimes, wanting to help can lead to 22. . You must first check whether you have the ability or not. Can you help them 23. hurting yourself? Think about this 24. . True friends offer help only when they 25. they can really do it. This makes the help meaningful. Remember, it's okay to say "I can't" sometimes. Being honest is better than 26. you cannot keep. This way, you avoid causing more problems and remain a reliable person.

21. sunshine
22. disappointment
23. without
24. carefully
25. know
26. making a promise

【分析】
本题为词汇运用题，要求用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。解题思路是先通读短文理解整体语境，再分析每个空缺处所需的词性，结合上下文语义匹配方框内的词汇，最终确定每个空的正确词汇。
【解析】
21. 句意：当你帮助别人时，你给他们的一天带来阳光。此处需填名词作bring的宾语，sunshine（阳光）符合语境，故填sunshine。
22. 句意：但有时，想要帮忙可能导致失望。lead to后接名词，disappointment（失望）为名词，符合语义，故填disappointment。
23. 句意：你能在不伤害自己的情况下帮助他们吗？此处需填介词，without（没有，不）符合“不伤害自己”的语境，故填without。
24. 句意：仔细想想这个。此处需填副词修饰动词think，carefully（仔细地）为副词，符合要求，故填carefully。
25. 句意：真正的朋友只有当他们知道自己真的能做到时才提供帮助。主语为they，一般现在时谓语用原形，know（知道）符合语义，故填know。
26. 句意：诚实比承诺你做不到的事更好。than后接动名词短语，making a promise（承诺）符合结构和语义，故填making a promise。
【答案】
21. sunshine；22. disappointment；23. without；24. carefully；25. know；26. making a promise
【知识点】
词汇运用；词性辨析；介词用法
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题，侧重考查词汇在语境中的词义、词性匹配，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固词汇的实际运用能力，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
The first Shanghai Exhibition of Courses for Seniors was held recently. It was a special event for older people who love to learn, showing that learning never stops. The event was open to the 27. (公开的), and many visitors came. One happy attendee 28. (提到) how fun the classes seemed. You could 29. (坦率地) ask teachers any questions you had. This fair offered a smart 30. (解决方法) for seniors to find new hobbies. Many people enjoyed the friendly 31. (对话) with course instructors. It was a strong step 32. (反对) feeling bored or lonely. The organisers showed great 33. (好意) and care. Learning is a wonderful 34. (方法) of staying active and happy.
The new online platform is a big hit. It makes signing up for classes very simple. Seniors can now easily mix their online and offline studies. This helps them dive deeper into 35. (学科) they enjoy, from art to technology. It encourages a more profound understanding and connection with their new skills, making their golden years truly bright and fulfilling.

27. public
28. mentioned
29. directly
30. solution
31. dialogues
32. against
33. goodwill
34. means
35. subjects

【分析】本题是根据汉语提示填写英语单词的题型，需结合句子语境、词性要求、语法规则（如时态、名词单复数、固定搭配等）确定每个空的正确单词形式，解题时先明确括号内汉语对应的英语词汇，再分析句子成分判断所需词性，最后根据语法细节调整形式。
【解析】27. 括号内“公开的”对应形容词public，固定搭配be open to the public表示“对公众开放”，故填public；28. 括号内“提到”对应动词mention，句子描述过去的事件，需用过去式mentioned；29. 括号内“坦率地”修饰动词ask，需用副词，对应directly；30. 括号内“解决方法”对应名词solution，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式；31. 括号内“对话”对应可数名词dialogue，此处指多人与讲师的对话，用复数dialogues；32. 括号内“反对”对应介词against，固定搭配step against表示“对抗”，故填against；33. 括号内“好意”对应不可数名词goodwill，故填goodwill；34. 括号内“方法”对应名词means，a后接单数形式；35. 括号内“学科”对应可数名词subject，此处指多个喜欢的学科，用复数subjects。
【答案】27. public
28. mentioned
29. directly
30. solution
31. dialogues
32. against
33. goodwill
34. means
35. subjects
【知识点】英语词汇拼写、词性辨析、名词单复数变化
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇在语境中的运用，涵盖词性转换、固定搭配、名词单复数等知识点，难度适中，需学生熟练掌握常用词汇及基本语法规则。
【难度系数】0.5

词汇拓展 Can you guess the part of speech and the meaning of the underlined words in the passage(s) above?
36. sauce:
37. chin:

36. n. 调味汁 37. n. 下巴

【分析】本题考查基础英语常用词汇的词性及词义，解题时需回忆核心常用词的词性和对应中文含义，先明确词性，再匹配正确释义即可。
【解析】36. sauce是英语常用名词，意为调味汁；37. chin是英语常用名词，意为下巴。
【答案】36. n. 调味汁 37. n. 下巴
【知识点】英语词汇词性、基础英语词汇
【点评】本题属于基础词汇积累类题目，考查常用名词的词性和词义，难度较低，旨在巩固学生的基础词汇储备。
【难度系数】0.9