一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Lily decided (design) a special cup for her grandfather with Parkinson's disease.
2. The inventor kept (test) his new invention until it worked well.
3. We should avoid (waste) time on unimportant things when creating.
4. My brother hopes (become) an engineer and build useful machines.
5. They finished (make) the model plane in three days.

1. to design 2. testing 3. wasting
4. to become 5. making

【分析】
本题考查英语中动词的固定搭配，核心是区分部分动词后接不定式（to do）或动名词（doing）的用法。解题时需回忆每个句子对应的动词搭配规则，将所给单词转换为正确形式即可。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配decide to do sth意为“决定做某事”，故填to design；
2. 固定搭配keep doing sth意为“一直/持续做某事”，故填testing；
3. 固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”，故填wasting；
4. 固定搭配hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”，故填to become；
5. 固定搭配finish doing sth意为“完成做某事”，故填making。
【答案】
1. to design 2. testing 3. wasting 4. to become 5. making
【知识点】
动词固定搭配、非谓语动词用法
【点评】
本题为基础语法题，考查初中阶段常用动词的不定式、动名词搭配，只要牢记核心固定搭配即可轻松作答，是对基础语法的巩固练习。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、按要求改写句子,保持句意不变
1. He enjoyed fixing problems.(改为否定句)
He fixing problems.
2. She decided to post the design online.(对画线部分提问)
did she decide ?
3. They practise using the 3-D printer every week.(改为一般疑问句)
they using the 3-D printer every week?
4. This girl is friendly.(改为 what 引导的感叹句)

5. The boy runs very fast.(改为 how 引导的感叹句)

1. didn't enjoy 2. What; to do
3. Do; practise 4. What a friendly girl she is!
5. How fast the boy runs!

【分析】
1. 第一题：原句是一般过去时的肯定句，谓语为实义动词过去式enjoyed，改为否定句时，需在主语后加助动词didn't，后接动词原形enjoy。
2. 第二题：画线部分是具体做的事情，对内容提问用疑问词What；decide to do sth是固定搭配，需保留to do结构。
3. 第三题：原句是一般现在时，主语为they，谓语是实义动词practise，改为一般疑问句时，句首加助动词Do，后接动词原形practise。
4. 第四题：what引导感叹句的结构为“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！”，结合句中内容套用结构即可。
5. 第五题：how引导感叹句的结构为“How + 副词/形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，此处fast是修饰动词的副词，套用结构改写。
【解析】
1. 一般过去时肯定句变否定句，实义动词前加didn't，动词还原，故填didn't enjoy。
2. 对具体动作提问用What，decide后接不定式to do，故填What; to do。
3. 一般现在时主语非第三人称单数，变一般疑问句加助动词Do，动词还原，故填Do; practise。
4. what引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数girl，friendly为辅音音素开头，加a，故为What a friendly girl she is!
5. how引导感叹句，修饰副词fast，故为How fast the boy runs!
【答案】
1. didn't enjoy 2. What; to do 3. Do; practise 4. What a friendly girl she is! 5. How fast the boy runs!
【知识点】
一般过去时否定句；特殊疑问句；感叹句构成
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础句型转换题，考察核心语法规则的运用，题型常规，侧重基础知识点的掌握，是英语学习的重点内容。
【难度系数】
0.8

一、口语练习
假设你和同学正在讨论“校园小发明”，请用所学语法结构完成对话，每句需包含不定式或动名词。
A: Have you ever thought about 1. (invent) something for our school?
B: Yes! I want 2. (create) a smart trash can that can sort garbage automatically.
A: That's a great idea! How will it work?
B: It will use sensors 3. (detect) different types of waste and open the right compartment. I plan 4. (ask) the science teacher for help.
A: I can help you 5. (test) it! I enjoy 6. (do) hands-on experiments.
B: Perfect! Let's start 7. (research) materials this weekend.

1. inventing 2. to create 3. to detect
4. to ask 5. (to) test 6. doing 7. researching

【分析】本题考查英语中非谓语动词（动名词、不定式）的固定搭配用法。解题时需牢记：介词后接动名词；部分动词后接不定式；部分动词后接动名词，同时注意help后不定式可省略to的特殊情况，结合每个空的前后搭配判断非谓语形式。
【解析】1. 介词about后需接动名词作宾语，故填inventing；2. want to do是固定搭配，表“想要做某事”，故填to create；3. use sth to do是固定用法，表“用某物做某事”，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to detect；4. plan to do是固定搭配，表“计划做某事”，故填to ask；5. help sb (to) do中不定式的to可省略，故填(to) test；6. enjoy doing是固定搭配，表“喜欢做某事”，故填doing；7. start doing是固定搭配，表“开始做某事”，故填researching。
【答案】1. inventing 2. to create 3. to detect 4. to ask 5. (to) test 6. doing 7. researching
【知识点】非谓语动词（动名词、不定式）
【点评】本题考查基础的非谓语动词固定搭配，是英语语法核心基础考点，侧重对常见动词、介词后非谓语形式的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

根据下列提示，用所学语法写一段关于“我的发明想法”的英语短文，不少于6句话，需包含至少3个不定式和2个动名词。
提示：
（1）你想发明什么？
（2）它能解决什么问题？
（3）你将如何实现这个想法？

参考范文:
I want to invent a special cup for students. Many students carry hot water to school, but it turns cold fast. This cup can keep water hot for a long time. It is light and not easy to break. It also has a small pocket to hold candies or erasers. I like trying different materials and drawing ideas, so I will work on this cup on weekends.I want to share my cup with my classmates and make their school life easier.

【分析】
首先审题明确写作要求：需围绕“我的发明想法”写英语短文，不少于6句话，包含至少3个不定式和2个动名词，且覆盖“发明什么、解决的问题、如何实现”三个提示点。解题思路：1. 确定具体发明对象（如学生专用保温杯），对应解决的实际问题（学生带热水到学校易变冷）；2. 补充发明的优势丰富内容；3. 说明实现发明的计划；4. 组织语言时刻意加入要求的不定式（如want to invent、to keep等）和动名词（如carrying、trying等），确保满足语法要求，最后检查句数和提示点是否覆盖。
【解析】
1. 开篇点明发明对象：I want to invent a special cup for students.（含不定式want to invent）；2. 说明解决的问题：Many students carry hot water to school, but it turns cold fast.（含动名词carrying）；3. 介绍发明优势：This cup can keep water hot for a long time. It is light and not easy to break. It also has a small pocket to hold candies or erasers.（含不定式to keep、to hold）；4. 说明实现计划：I like trying different materials and drawing ideas, so I will work on this cup on weekends.（含动名词trying、drawing，不定式to work）；5. 收尾点明目的：I want to share my cup with my classmates and make their school life easier.（含不定式want to share、to make）。全文共8句话，覆盖所有提示点，满足不定式（≥3）和动名词（≥2）的语法要求，符合题目规范。
【答案】
I want to invent a special cup for students. Many students carry hot water to school, but it turns cold fast. This cup can keep water hot for a long time. It is light and not easy to break. It also has a small pocket to hold candies or erasers. I like trying different materials and drawing ideas, so I will work on this cup on weekends.I want to share my cup with my classmates and make their school life easier.
【知识点】
英语应用文写作、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）
【点评】
本题结合话题构思与语法运用，考查学生的英语写作能力，要求学生兼顾内容完整性和非谓语动词的正确使用，是初中英语常见的综合考查题型，既贴近学生生活，又落实了语法知识点的运用。
【难度系数】
0.4