1. 口算。
$21×40 = $
$700×90 = $
$43×20 = $
$21×40 = $
840
$600×8 = $4800
$30×50 = $1500
$700×90 = $
63000
$3×900 = $2700
$50×120 = $6000
$43×20 = $
860
$320×4 = $1280
$80×40 = $3200
答案
21×40 = 840
600×8 = 4800
30×50 = 1500
700×90 = 63000
3×900 = 2700
50×120 = 6000
43×20 = 860
320×4 = 1280
80×40 = 3200
600×8 = 4800
30×50 = 1500
700×90 = 63000
3×900 = 2700
50×120 = 6000
43×20 = 860
320×4 = 1280
80×40 = 3200
2. 填空。
(1) 一个因数是 $350$,另一个因数是 $40$,积是(
(2) 最小的三位数乘最大的两位数,积是(
(3) 三位数乘两位数,积最小是(
(1) 一个因数是 $350$,另一个因数是 $40$,积是(
14000
)。(2) 最小的三位数乘最大的两位数,积是(
9900
)。(3) 三位数乘两位数,积最小是(
四
)位数,最大是(五
)位数。答案
(1) $14000$
(2) $9900$
(3) 四,五
(2) $9900$
(3) 四,五
解析
(1) 根据乘法运算规则,计算$350×40$,可先计算$35×4 = 140$,然后因为因数末尾共有$2$个$0$,所以在$140$后面添加$2$个$0$,得到$14000$。
(2) 最小的三位数是$100$,最大的两位数是$99$,计算$100×99 = 9900$。
(3) 要使三位数乘两位数的积最小,那么这两个数都要最小,最小的三位数是$100$,最小的两位数是$10$,$100×10 = 1000$,是四位数;要使积最大,那么这两个数都要最大,最大的三位数是$999$,最大的两位数是$99$,$999×99=(1000 - 1)×99=1000×99-99=99000 - 99 = 98901$,是五位数。
(2) 最小的三位数是$100$,最大的两位数是$99$,计算$100×99 = 9900$。
(3) 要使三位数乘两位数的积最小,那么这两个数都要最小,最小的三位数是$100$,最小的两位数是$10$,$100×10 = 1000$,是四位数;要使积最大,那么这两个数都要最大,最大的三位数是$999$,最大的两位数是$99$,$999×99=(1000 - 1)×99=1000×99-99=99000 - 99 = 98901$,是五位数。
3. 列竖式计算。
$430×60 = $
$315×11 = $
$42×703 = $
$430×60 = $
$\begin{array}{r}430\\×\,\,\,\, 60\\\hline25800\\\end{array}$
$320×8 = $$\begin{array}{r}320\\×\,\,\,\,\,\,8\\\hline2560\\\end{array}$
$236×20 = $$\begin{array}{r}236\\×\,\,\,\, 20\\\hline4720\\\end{array}$
$315×11 = $
$\begin{array}{r}315\\×\,\,\,\, 11\\\hline315\\315\!\!\!\!\!\\\hline3465\\\end{array}$
$19×530 = $$\begin{array}{r}530\\×\,\,\,\,19\\\hline4770\\530\!\!\!\\\hline10070\\\end{array}$
$40×710 = $$\begin{array}{r}710\\×\,\,\,\,40\\\hline28400\\\end{array}$
$42×703 = $
$\begin{array}{r}703\\×\,\,\,\,42\\\hline1406\\28120\!\!\!\\\hline29526\\\end{array}$
$608×35 = $$\begin{array}{r}608\\×\,\,\,\,35\\\hline3040\\18240\!\!\!\\\hline21280\\\end{array}$
$65×120 = $$\begin{array}{r}120\\×\,\,\,\,65\\\hline600\\7200\!\!\!\\\hline7800\\\end{array}$
答案
1. $430×60 = 25800$
$\begin{array}{r}430\\×\,\,\,\, 60\\\hline25800\\\end{array}$
2. $320×8 = 2560$
$\begin{array}{r}320\\×\,\,\,\,\,\,8\\\hline2560\\\end{array}$
3. $236×20 = 4720$
$\begin{array}{r}236\\×\,\,\,\, 20\\\hline4720\\\end{array}$
4. $315×11 = 3465$
$\begin{array}{r}315\\×\,\,\,\, 11\\\hline315\\315\!\!\!\!\!\\\hline3465\\\end{array}$
5. $19×530 = 10070$
$\begin{array}{r}530\\×\,\,\,\,19\\\hline4770\\530\!\!\!\\\hline10070\\\end{array}$
6. $40×710 = 28400$
$\begin{array}{r}710\\×\,\,\,\,40\\\hline28400\\\end{array}$
7. $42×703 = 29526$
$\begin{array}{r}703\\×\,\,\,\,42\\\hline1406\\28120\!\!\!\\\hline29526\\\end{array}$
8. $608×35 = 21280$
$\begin{array}{r}608\\×\,\,\,\,35\\\hline3040\\18240\!\!\!\\\hline21280\\\end{array}$
9. $65×120 = 7800$
$\begin{array}{r}120\\×\,\,\,\,65\\\hline600\\7200\!\!\!\\\hline7800\\\end{array}$
$\begin{array}{r}430\\×\,\,\,\, 60\\\hline25800\\\end{array}$
2. $320×8 = 2560$
$\begin{array}{r}320\\×\,\,\,\,\,\,8\\\hline2560\\\end{array}$
3. $236×20 = 4720$
$\begin{array}{r}236\\×\,\,\,\, 20\\\hline4720\\\end{array}$
4. $315×11 = 3465$
$\begin{array}{r}315\\×\,\,\,\, 11\\\hline315\\315\!\!\!\!\!\\\hline3465\\\end{array}$
5. $19×530 = 10070$
$\begin{array}{r}530\\×\,\,\,\,19\\\hline4770\\530\!\!\!\\\hline10070\\\end{array}$
6. $40×710 = 28400$
$\begin{array}{r}710\\×\,\,\,\,40\\\hline28400\\\end{array}$
7. $42×703 = 29526$
$\begin{array}{r}703\\×\,\,\,\,42\\\hline1406\\28120\!\!\!\\\hline29526\\\end{array}$
8. $608×35 = 21280$
$\begin{array}{r}608\\×\,\,\,\,35\\\hline3040\\18240\!\!\!\\\hline21280\\\end{array}$
9. $65×120 = 7800$
$\begin{array}{r}120\\×\,\,\,\,65\\\hline600\\7200\!\!\!\\\hline7800\\\end{array}$
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