四、列方程解决实际问题。
1. 张林和李涛都在收集邮票,张林收集了 126 张,比李涛收集的3 倍少 6 张,他俩共收集了多少张邮票?
1. 张林和李涛都在收集邮票,张林收集了 126 张,比李涛收集的3 倍少 6 张,他俩共收集了多少张邮票?
答案
解:设李涛收集了x张邮票。
$3x - 6 = 126$
$x = 44$
$126 + 44 = 170$(张)
$3x - 6 = 126$
$x = 44$
$126 + 44 = 170$(张)
2. 一个长方形的周长是 360 m,长是宽的 4 倍,这个长方形的长和宽各是多少米?
答案
解:设长方形的宽为x m,则长为4x m。
$2(x + 4x) = 360$
$x = 36$
$4 × 36 = 144(m)$
$2(x + 4x) = 360$
$x = 36$
$4 × 36 = 144(m)$
3. 两个相邻的自然数的和是 121,这两个自然数分别是多少?
答案
解:设较小的自然数为x,则较大的为x + 1。
$x + x + 1 = 121$
$x = 60$
$60 + 1 = 61$
$x + x + 1 = 121$
$x = 60$
$60 + 1 = 61$
4. 果园里有三种果树共650棵,苹果树的棵数是梨树的3倍,桃树的棵数是梨树的1.2倍,梨树有多少棵?
答案
解:设梨树有x棵,则苹果树有3x棵,桃树有1.2x棵。
$x + 1.2x + 3x = 650$
$x = 125$
$x + 1.2x + 3x = 650$
$x = 125$
算一算
$\frac{1}{2} × \frac{2}{5} =$
$\frac{1}{3} × \frac{3}{5} =$
$40 × \frac{2}{15} =$
$45 × \frac{2}{9} =$
$18 × \frac{5}{9} =$
$\frac{2}{3} × \frac{6}{7} =$
$\frac{7}{10} × \frac{2}{7} =$
$\frac{9}{22} × \frac{2}{3} =$
$\frac{5}{49} × \frac{7}{9} =$
$\frac{3}{8} × \frac{4}{5} =$
$\frac{1}{2} × \frac{2}{5} =$
$\frac{1}{3} × \frac{3}{5} =$
$40 × \frac{2}{15} =$
$45 × \frac{2}{9} =$
$18 × \frac{5}{9} =$
$\frac{2}{3} × \frac{6}{7} =$
$\frac{7}{10} × \frac{2}{7} =$
$\frac{9}{22} × \frac{2}{3} =$
$\frac{5}{49} × \frac{7}{9} =$
$\frac{3}{8} × \frac{4}{5} =$
答案
$\frac{1}{2} × \frac{2}{5} = \frac{1×2}{2×5} = \frac{2}{10} = \frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{1}{3} × \frac{3}{5} = \frac{1×3}{3×5} = \frac{3}{15} = \frac{1}{5}$
$40 × \frac{2}{15} = \frac{40×2}{15} = \frac{80}{15} = \frac{16}{3}$
$45 × \frac{2}{9} = \frac{45×2}{9} = \frac{90}{9} = 10$
$18 × \frac{5}{9} = \frac{18×5}{9} = \frac{90}{9} = 10$
$\frac{2}{3} × \frac{6}{7} = \frac{2×6}{3×7} = \frac{12}{21} = \frac{4}{7}$
$\frac{7}{10} × \frac{2}{7} = \frac{7×2}{10×7} = \frac{14}{70} = \frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{9}{22} × \frac{2}{3} = \frac{9×2}{22×3} = \frac{18}{66} = \frac{3}{11}$
$\frac{5}{49} × \frac{7}{9} = \frac{5×7}{49×9} = \frac{35}{441} = \frac{5}{63}$
$\frac{3}{8} × \frac{4}{5} = \frac{3×4}{8×5} = \frac{12}{40} = \frac{3}{10}$
$\frac{1}{3} × \frac{3}{5} = \frac{1×3}{3×5} = \frac{3}{15} = \frac{1}{5}$
$40 × \frac{2}{15} = \frac{40×2}{15} = \frac{80}{15} = \frac{16}{3}$
$45 × \frac{2}{9} = \frac{45×2}{9} = \frac{90}{9} = 10$
$18 × \frac{5}{9} = \frac{18×5}{9} = \frac{90}{9} = 10$
$\frac{2}{3} × \frac{6}{7} = \frac{2×6}{3×7} = \frac{12}{21} = \frac{4}{7}$
$\frac{7}{10} × \frac{2}{7} = \frac{7×2}{10×7} = \frac{14}{70} = \frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{9}{22} × \frac{2}{3} = \frac{9×2}{22×3} = \frac{18}{66} = \frac{3}{11}$
$\frac{5}{49} × \frac{7}{9} = \frac{5×7}{49×9} = \frac{35}{441} = \frac{5}{63}$
$\frac{3}{8} × \frac{4}{5} = \frac{3×4}{8×5} = \frac{12}{40} = \frac{3}{10}$
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