五、完形填空。
Do you often use plastic straws (吸管)? You probably use them to 1 lots of things such as soybean milk (豆浆), cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on earth for over 100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5? Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management in some areas is so poor and you know, all gutters (排水沟) lead to our ocean. 6, plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7 was found bleeding because a 12 - centimetre - long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle 9 two - and - a - half times around our planet! If we don't take action now, there will be 10 plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about 11 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution? The simplest way is to say " 12 " to single - use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw? There are reusable (可重复使用的) straws instead. These straws can be used, 13, and reused over and over again.
The coffee house chain Starbucks has started to 14 lids (盖子) without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1,000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
(
B. eat
C. tie
D. make
(
B. and
C. or
D. but
(
B. minutes
C. hours
D. days
(
B. written down
C. broken down
D. put down
(
B. air
C. water
D. ocean
(
B. Such as
C. Even worse
D. For one thing
(
B. monkey
C. turtle
D. giraffe
(
B. its
C. her
D. his
(
B. nearly
C. specially
D. particularly
(
B. fewer
C. less
D. better
(
B. if
C. why
D. what
(
B. sorry
C. yes
D. no
(
B. burned
C. picked
D. cleaned
(
B. afford
C. affect
D. instruct
(
B. also
C. ever
D. just
Do you often use plastic straws (吸管)? You probably use them to 1 lots of things such as soybean milk (豆浆), cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on earth for over 100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5? Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management in some areas is so poor and you know, all gutters (排水沟) lead to our ocean. 6, plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7 was found bleeding because a 12 - centimetre - long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle 9 two - and - a - half times around our planet! If we don't take action now, there will be 10 plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about 11 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution? The simplest way is to say " 12 " to single - use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw? There are reusable (可重复使用的) straws instead. These straws can be used, 13, and reused over and over again.
The coffee house chain Starbucks has started to 14 lids (盖子) without straws and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1,000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
(
A
)1. A. drinkB. eat
C. tie
D. make
(
D
)2. A. soB. and
C. or
D. but
(
B
)3. A. monthsB. minutes
C. hours
D. days
(
C
)4. A. cut downB. written down
C. broken down
D. put down
(
D
)5. A. earthB. air
C. water
D. ocean
(
C
)6. A. For exampleB. Such as
C. Even worse
D. For one thing
(
C
)7. A. camelB. monkey
C. turtle
D. giraffe
(
B
)8. A. theirB. its
C. her
D. his
(
B
)9. A. closelyB. nearly
C. specially
D. particularly
(
A
)10. A. moreB. fewer
C. less
D. better
(
A
)11. A. whetherB. if
C. why
D. what
(
D
)12. A. helloB. sorry
C. yes
D. no
(
D
)13. A. repairedB. burned
C. picked
D. cleaned
(
A
)14. A. offerB. afford
C. affect
D. instruct
(
B
)15. A. stillB. also
C. ever
D. just
答案
1. A 【点拨】根据“soybean milk(豆浆),cola or milk tea”可知,这些液体的东西是用来喝的。故选A。
2. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,“小吸管”和“大问题”之间构成转折关系。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据常识和“They are made in 10 minutes”可知,应该表示用20分钟。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据“normally remain on earth for over 100 years”可知,塑料吸管不容易分解。故选C。
5. D 【点拨】根据下文“The waste management in some areas is so poor and you know,all gutters(排水沟) lead to our ocean.”可知,此处指进入“海洋”。故选D。
6. C 【点拨】for example例如;such as例如;even worse更糟糕的是;for one thing一方面。根据上文和“plastic straws kill ocean life”可知,表示递进关系。故选C。
7. C 【点拨】根据上文“lead to our ocean”可知,此处描写海洋中的动物。故选C。
8. B 【点拨】their他(她、它)们的;its它的;her她的;his他的。此处指代turtle作定语,应用its。故选B。
9. B 【点拨】根据上文中的“around 500 million plastic straws”可知,这么多的吸管可以绕地球将近两圈半。故选B。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,到2050年,海洋中的塑料将超过鱼类。故选A。
11. A 【点拨】句意:他们开始思考饮用饮料时是否需要塑料吸管。whether是否;if是否;why为什么;what什么。与or not连用时应用whether。故选A。
12. D 【点拨】句意:最简单的方法是对一次性使用的塑料(如吸管)说“不”。hello喂;sorry对不起;yes是;no不。故选D。
13. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,这些吸管应是被清洗后再次使用。故选D。
14. A 【点拨】根据“instead of plastic straws”可知,星巴克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管,而不是塑料吸管。故选A。
15. B 【点拨】句意:麦当劳也采取行动减少塑料吸管的使用。still仍然;also也;ever曾经;just刚刚。故选B。
2. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,“小吸管”和“大问题”之间构成转折关系。故选D。
3. B 【点拨】根据常识和“They are made in 10 minutes”可知,应该表示用20分钟。故选B。
4. C 【点拨】根据“normally remain on earth for over 100 years”可知,塑料吸管不容易分解。故选C。
5. D 【点拨】根据下文“The waste management in some areas is so poor and you know,all gutters(排水沟) lead to our ocean.”可知,此处指进入“海洋”。故选D。
6. C 【点拨】for example例如;such as例如;even worse更糟糕的是;for one thing一方面。根据上文和“plastic straws kill ocean life”可知,表示递进关系。故选C。
7. C 【点拨】根据上文“lead to our ocean”可知,此处描写海洋中的动物。故选C。
8. B 【点拨】their他(她、它)们的;its它的;her她的;his他的。此处指代turtle作定语,应用its。故选B。
9. B 【点拨】根据上文中的“around 500 million plastic straws”可知,这么多的吸管可以绕地球将近两圈半。故选B。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,到2050年,海洋中的塑料将超过鱼类。故选A。
11. A 【点拨】句意:他们开始思考饮用饮料时是否需要塑料吸管。whether是否;if是否;why为什么;what什么。与or not连用时应用whether。故选A。
12. D 【点拨】句意:最简单的方法是对一次性使用的塑料(如吸管)说“不”。hello喂;sorry对不起;yes是;no不。故选D。
13. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,这些吸管应是被清洗后再次使用。故选D。
14. A 【点拨】根据“instead of plastic straws”可知,星巴克已开始提供不带吸管的盖子和纸吸管,而不是塑料吸管。故选A。
15. B 【点拨】句意:麦当劳也采取行动减少塑料吸管的使用。still仍然;also也;ever曾经;just刚刚。故选B。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇围绕塑料吸管污染展开的环保主题完形填空,解题时首先要通读全文,梳理出文章的行文逻辑:先介绍塑料吸管的使用特点,再讲塑料吸管流入海洋的危害,最后介绍各界减少塑料吸管使用的举措。解题过程中要优先定位每个空的前后提示线索,结合词义辨析、生活常识、固定搭配来判断选项:比如看到空1后列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都是饮品,直接对应动作“喝”;遇到转折、递进类逻辑题要梳理前后句的语义关系,遇到固定搭配题直接回忆相关用法,就能快速选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 后文列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都属于饮品,使用吸管的目的是喝这些饮品,A选项符合语境。
2. 前半句说塑料吸管很小,后半句说它们是大问题,前后是转折关系,D选项符合逻辑。
3. 前句提到塑料吸管的制造只需要10分钟,结合生活常识,人们使用吸管的时长也很短,仅20分钟,B选项符合常识。
4. 后文提到塑料吸管在地球上留存超过100年,说明它们很难被分解,break down意为分解,C选项符合语义。
5. 后文明确提到所有排水沟最终都汇入海洋,说明这里是问塑料吸管如何进入海洋,D选项对应后文线索。
6. 前文讲塑料吸管流入海洋,后文讲塑料吸管会杀死海洋生物,语义是更进一层的坏结果,even worse意为更糟糕的是,C选项符合递进逻辑。
7. 前文提到塑料吸管危害海洋生物,选项里只有海龟是海洋生物,C选项符合场景设定。
8. 此处指代前文提到的海龟,修饰名词nose,要用形容词性物主代词its,B选项用法正确。
9. 这里表示5亿根吸管的总长度差不多能绕地球两圈半,nearly意为几乎、将近,B选项符合语义。
10. 后文有than表示比较,语境是到2050年海洋里的塑料比鱼还多,A选项符合文意。
11. 空后有or not,和whether搭配是固定用法,意为“是否”,if不能直接和or not连用,A选项符合固定搭配规则。
12. 前文提到要减少塑料污染,对应的举措就是对一次性塑料说不,D选项符合行动逻辑。
13. 可重复使用的吸管,使用之后清洗干净就能再次反复使用,D选项符合使用场景。
14. 星巴克作为门店,是向顾客提供不带吸管的杯盖和纸吸管,offer意为提供,A选项符合语境。
15. 前文提到星巴克已经采取行动,这里说麦当劳也采取相关举措,also意为也,B选项符合语义。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
1. 语境逻辑推断
2. 词义短语辨析
3. 固定搭配用法
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取当下热门的限塑环保主题,贴近学生日常生活,题目设置梯度合理,大部分选项都能在前后文找到明确的提示线索,既考察学生对基础词汇、短语的掌握程度,也锻炼学生的逻辑推理能力,同时能引导学生建立环保意识,养成减少使用一次性塑料制品的好习惯。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇围绕塑料吸管污染展开的环保主题完形填空,解题时首先要通读全文,梳理出文章的行文逻辑:先介绍塑料吸管的使用特点,再讲塑料吸管流入海洋的危害,最后介绍各界减少塑料吸管使用的举措。解题过程中要优先定位每个空的前后提示线索,结合词义辨析、生活常识、固定搭配来判断选项:比如看到空1后列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都是饮品,直接对应动作“喝”;遇到转折、递进类逻辑题要梳理前后句的语义关系,遇到固定搭配题直接回忆相关用法,就能快速选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 后文列举的豆浆、可乐、奶茶都属于饮品,使用吸管的目的是喝这些饮品,A选项符合语境。
2. 前半句说塑料吸管很小,后半句说它们是大问题,前后是转折关系,D选项符合逻辑。
3. 前句提到塑料吸管的制造只需要10分钟,结合生活常识,人们使用吸管的时长也很短,仅20分钟,B选项符合常识。
4. 后文提到塑料吸管在地球上留存超过100年,说明它们很难被分解,break down意为分解,C选项符合语义。
5. 后文明确提到所有排水沟最终都汇入海洋,说明这里是问塑料吸管如何进入海洋,D选项对应后文线索。
6. 前文讲塑料吸管流入海洋,后文讲塑料吸管会杀死海洋生物,语义是更进一层的坏结果,even worse意为更糟糕的是,C选项符合递进逻辑。
7. 前文提到塑料吸管危害海洋生物,选项里只有海龟是海洋生物,C选项符合场景设定。
8. 此处指代前文提到的海龟,修饰名词nose,要用形容词性物主代词its,B选项用法正确。
9. 这里表示5亿根吸管的总长度差不多能绕地球两圈半,nearly意为几乎、将近,B选项符合语义。
10. 后文有than表示比较,语境是到2050年海洋里的塑料比鱼还多,A选项符合文意。
11. 空后有or not,和whether搭配是固定用法,意为“是否”,if不能直接和or not连用,A选项符合固定搭配规则。
12. 前文提到要减少塑料污染,对应的举措就是对一次性塑料说不,D选项符合行动逻辑。
13. 可重复使用的吸管,使用之后清洗干净就能再次反复使用,D选项符合使用场景。
14. 星巴克作为门店,是向顾客提供不带吸管的杯盖和纸吸管,offer意为提供,A选项符合语境。
15. 前文提到星巴克已经采取行动,这里说麦当劳也采取相关举措,also意为也,B选项符合语义。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
1. 语境逻辑推断
2. 词义短语辨析
3. 固定搭配用法
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取当下热门的限塑环保主题,贴近学生日常生活,题目设置梯度合理,大部分选项都能在前后文找到明确的提示线索,既考察学生对基础词汇、短语的掌握程度,也锻炼学生的逻辑推理能力,同时能引导学生建立环保意识,养成减少使用一次性塑料制品的好习惯。
【难度系数】
0.7
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