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(A)
Many people today see the Pyramids of Giza as the symbol of ancient Egyptian
culture. But who actually built them? For a long time, we did not know for sure.
However, scientists have now found an ancient city near the pyramids. Next to it,
there is a cemetery where the pyramid builders were put to rest after they died. By
studying these places, scientists found out the truth. The pyramids were not built by
slaves, foreigners, or aliens from space. They were built by ordinary Egyptians.
Building the pyramids took the Egyptians around 80 years. According to scientists,
between 20,000 and 30,000 people worked on the project. The workers had different
jobs. Some dug up the rocks and stones. Some transported them, and some shaped
them into blocks. People were organized into different teams with their own names.
These teams often competed to see which one could finish a task faster.
These workers lived a hard life. "We can tell from their skeletons," says a
scientist who studies bones from the cemetery. Her research shows signs of arthritis in
the bones, likely from carrying something heavy for long periods. Scientists have also
found many female skeletons in the ancient city and cemetery. The damage to their
bones is similar to that of the men's. In fact, their lives may have been even more
difficult. Men generally lived to 40-45 years old, but women only lived to 30-35.
However, the workers usually had enough food. They also received medical care if
they became sick or got hurt.
The project was challenging, but Egyptians thought highly of their work. For
example, on a wall in Khufu's Pyramid, some workers carved the words "Friends of
Khufu". An Egyptian expert explains, "They were not just building the tomb of their
king. They were building for Egypt—it was a national project."
41. According to the scientists, who built the pyramids?
A. Workers from ancient Egypt. B. People from outer space.
C. Experts from foreign countries. D. Scientists and researchers in Egypt.
42. How were the pyramids built?
A. A small group of people completed the project.
B. Group competitions were required.
C. Many teams finished the project quickly.
D. Different jobs were given to different teams.
43. What does the underlined word "arthritis" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A kind of food. B. A bone disease.
C. A team's name. D. A type of pyramid.
44. What can we know about the workers' lives?
A. They worked harder to get more food.
B. Medical support were offered to them.
C. Female workers lived longer than male workers.
D. The bones of male and female workers were different.
45. Why did the workers write "Friends of Khufu" on the wall?
A. To make friends with the king.
B. To make people remember them.
C. To show pride in working for Egypt.
D. To show their great building skills.
Many people today see the Pyramids of Giza as the symbol of ancient Egyptian
culture. But who actually built them? For a long time, we did not know for sure.
However, scientists have now found an ancient city near the pyramids. Next to it,
there is a cemetery where the pyramid builders were put to rest after they died. By
studying these places, scientists found out the truth. The pyramids were not built by
slaves, foreigners, or aliens from space. They were built by ordinary Egyptians.
Building the pyramids took the Egyptians around 80 years. According to scientists,
between 20,000 and 30,000 people worked on the project. The workers had different
jobs. Some dug up the rocks and stones. Some transported them, and some shaped
them into blocks. People were organized into different teams with their own names.
These teams often competed to see which one could finish a task faster.
These workers lived a hard life. "We can tell from their skeletons," says a
scientist who studies bones from the cemetery. Her research shows signs of arthritis in
the bones, likely from carrying something heavy for long periods. Scientists have also
found many female skeletons in the ancient city and cemetery. The damage to their
bones is similar to that of the men's. In fact, their lives may have been even more
difficult. Men generally lived to 40-45 years old, but women only lived to 30-35.
However, the workers usually had enough food. They also received medical care if
they became sick or got hurt.
The project was challenging, but Egyptians thought highly of their work. For
example, on a wall in Khufu's Pyramid, some workers carved the words "Friends of
Khufu". An Egyptian expert explains, "They were not just building the tomb of their
king. They were building for Egypt—it was a national project."
41. According to the scientists, who built the pyramids?
A. Workers from ancient Egypt. B. People from outer space.
C. Experts from foreign countries. D. Scientists and researchers in Egypt.
42. How were the pyramids built?
A. A small group of people completed the project.
B. Group competitions were required.
C. Many teams finished the project quickly.
D. Different jobs were given to different teams.
43. What does the underlined word "arthritis" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A kind of food. B. A bone disease.
C. A team's name. D. A type of pyramid.
44. What can we know about the workers' lives?
A. They worked harder to get more food.
B. Medical support were offered to them.
C. Female workers lived longer than male workers.
D. The bones of male and female workers were different.
45. Why did the workers write "Friends of Khufu" on the wall?
A. To make friends with the king.
B. To make people remember them.
C. To show pride in working for Egypt.
D. To show their great building skills.
答案
41.A 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.C
解析
【分析】
做这篇英语阅读理解时，首先通读全文把握主旨：文章介绍了金字塔的建造者是古埃及普通人而非奴隶、外星人等，还说明了工人的工作分工、生活状况及对工程的态度。然后针对每个问题，回到原文定位对应信息：细节题直接匹配原文原句；词义猜测题结合上下文语境（如骨骼异常、长期负重）推断词义；推理题结合段落主旨分析选项。
【解析】
41题：根据第一段最后两句“The pyramids were not built by slaves, foreigners, or aliens from space. They were built by ordinary Egyptians.”可知，金字塔由古埃及工人建造，对应选项A。
42题：根据第二段“People were organized into different teams with their own names. Some dug up the rocks and stones. Some transported them, and some shaped them into blocks.”可知，不同工作分配给不同团队，对应选项D。
43题：根据第三段“Her research shows signs of arthritis in the bones, likely from carrying something heavy for long periods.”可知，arthritis是长期负重导致的骨骼问题，属于骨病，对应选项B。
44题：根据第三段最后一句“They also received medical care if they became sick or got hurt.”可知，工人能获得医疗支持，对应选项B。
45题：根据最后一段最后一句“They were not just building the tomb of their king. They were building for Egypt—it was a national project.”可知，工人刻字是为了表达为埃及工作的骄傲，对应选项C。
【答案】
41.A 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕金字塔建造者的真相展开，考查学生快速定位原文信息、结合语境猜词的能力，题目多为基础细节题，需学生仔细阅读原文对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这篇英语阅读理解时，首先通读全文把握主旨：文章介绍了金字塔的建造者是古埃及普通人而非奴隶、外星人等，还说明了工人的工作分工、生活状况及对工程的态度。然后针对每个问题，回到原文定位对应信息：细节题直接匹配原文原句；词义猜测题结合上下文语境（如骨骼异常、长期负重）推断词义；推理题结合段落主旨分析选项。
【解析】
41题：根据第一段最后两句“The pyramids were not built by slaves, foreigners, or aliens from space. They were built by ordinary Egyptians.”可知，金字塔由古埃及工人建造，对应选项A。
42题：根据第二段“People were organized into different teams with their own names. Some dug up the rocks and stones. Some transported them, and some shaped them into blocks.”可知，不同工作分配给不同团队，对应选项D。
43题：根据第三段“Her research shows signs of arthritis in the bones, likely from carrying something heavy for long periods.”可知，arthritis是长期负重导致的骨骼问题，属于骨病，对应选项B。
44题：根据第三段最后一句“They also received medical care if they became sick or got hurt.”可知，工人能获得医疗支持，对应选项B。
45题：根据最后一段最后一句“They were not just building the tomb of their king. They were building for Egypt—it was a national project.”可知，工人刻字是为了表达为埃及工作的骄傲，对应选项C。
【答案】
41.A 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕金字塔建造者的真相展开，考查学生快速定位原文信息、结合语境猜词的能力，题目多为基础细节题，需学生仔细阅读原文对应内容，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
