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B
The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
34. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?
A. Because the king asked him to do so.
B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C. Because the pen brought him much trouble.
D. Because he didn't have silk to write on.
35. Which is the RIGHT order of improving the brush pen?
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-b-a-c-e
C. e-b-d-a-c D. d-b-c-a-e
36. How can the students understand Chinese culture better according to the passage?
A. By learning to use brush pens.
B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animals' hair.
D. By planting more bamboo.
37. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Learn from animals.
B. Value wonderful memories.
C. Think twice before taking action.
D. Keep trying and never give up.
The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to write reports to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when it moved on. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
34. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?
A. Because the king asked him to do so.
B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C. Because the pen brought him much trouble.
D. Because he didn't have silk to write on.
35. Which is the RIGHT order of improving the brush pen?
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
e. Meng came up with a new idea on the way home after hunting.
A. e-b-d-c-a B. d-b-a-c-e
C. e-b-d-a-c D. d-b-c-a-e
36. How can the students understand Chinese culture better according to the passage?
A. By learning to use brush pens.
B. By inventing new things.
C. By making pens with animals' hair.
D. By planting more bamboo.
37. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Learn from animals.
B. Value wonderful memories.
C. Think twice before taking action.
D. Keep trying and never give up.
答案
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了蒙恬改进毛笔的经过以及毛笔在中国文化中的重要性。
34. C 细节理解题。根据"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."可知,蒙恬改进笔的原因是原来的笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选C。
35. A 事件排序题。根据文章内容可知,改进毛笔的顺序是:蒙恬打猎回家的路上想到新主意(e)→他把兔毛绑在棍子上(b)→因不好用把它扔进院子的石洞里(d)→雨后石洞里特殊的水洗掉了兔毛上的油脂(c)→毛笔能很好地写字了(a)。故选A。
36. A 细节理解题。根据"Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture."可知,学生通过学会使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化。故选A。
37. D 主旨大意题。根据"However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time."以及整个故事的发展可知,我们可以从文章中学到的是:不断尝试,永不放弃。故选D。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了蒙恬改进毛笔的经过以及毛笔在中国文化中的重要性。
34. C 细节理解题。根据"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."可知,蒙恬改进笔的原因是原来的笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选C。
35. A 事件排序题。根据文章内容可知,改进毛笔的顺序是:蒙恬打猎回家的路上想到新主意(e)→他把兔毛绑在棍子上(b)→因不好用把它扔进院子的石洞里(d)→雨后石洞里特殊的水洗掉了兔毛上的油脂(c)→毛笔能很好地写字了(a)。故选A。
36. A 细节理解题。根据"Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture."可知,学生通过学会使用毛笔可以更好地理解中国文化。故选A。
37. D 主旨大意题。根据"However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time."以及整个故事的发展可知,我们可以从文章中学到的是:不断尝试,永不放弃。故选D。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍蒙恬改进毛笔故事的传统文化类记叙文阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：先了解毛笔的起源背景，再梳理蒙恬改良毛笔的完整过程，最后明确毛笔的文化意义。针对不同题型采用对应思路：1. 细节理解题直接根据题干关键词回原文定位匹配信息，排除不符合原文的错误选项；2. 事件排序题逐个定位每个事件在原文的出现位置，按先后逻辑排列即可；3. 主旨大意题抓住故事核心情节和作者传递的核心道理，选出最贴合的选项。
【解析】
34. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."可知蒙恬想要改良笔的原因是旧笔给他带来了很多麻烦，A选项国王要求他做、B选项他想当发明家、D选项他没有书写用的丝绸均不符合原文表述，因此选C。
35. 事件排序题：梳理原文情节先后顺序：①蒙恬打猎回家路上看到兔子尾巴拖出痕迹想到改良笔的新主意（对应e）→②他回家后把兔毛绑在棍子上尝试书写（对应b）→③兔毛太顺滑不好用，他把这个半成品扔进院子的石洞里（对应d）→④几轮雨天过后，石洞里的特殊水分解洗掉了兔毛上的油脂（对应c）→⑤改良后的毛笔可以在丝绸上流畅书写（对应a），完整顺序为e-b-d-c-a，对应选项A。
36. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段"Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture."可知学生学习使用毛笔就能更好地理解中国文化，B选项发明新事物、C选项用动物毛做笔、D选项种更多竹子均不符合原文内容，因此选A。
37. 主旨大意题：全文讲述蒙恬改良毛笔遇到多次失败却始终没有放弃、不断尝试最终成功的故事，核心传递的道理是要坚持尝试、永不放弃，A选项向动物学习、B选项珍惜美好回忆、C选项三思而后行均不是文章核心表达的主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，事件排序，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题选取和中国传统文房四宝相关的记叙文，既考察学生的阅读理解信息提取能力，也能让学生了解毛笔改良的相关历史故事，传递坚持不放弃的正向价值观，题型设置常规，没有偏题怪题，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍蒙恬改进毛笔故事的传统文化类记叙文阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：先了解毛笔的起源背景，再梳理蒙恬改良毛笔的完整过程，最后明确毛笔的文化意义。针对不同题型采用对应思路：1. 细节理解题直接根据题干关键词回原文定位匹配信息，排除不符合原文的错误选项；2. 事件排序题逐个定位每个事件在原文的出现位置，按先后逻辑排列即可；3. 主旨大意题抓住故事核心情节和作者传递的核心道理，选出最贴合的选项。
【解析】
34. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句"But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it."可知蒙恬想要改良笔的原因是旧笔给他带来了很多麻烦，A选项国王要求他做、B选项他想当发明家、D选项他没有书写用的丝绸均不符合原文表述，因此选C。
35. 事件排序题：梳理原文情节先后顺序：①蒙恬打猎回家路上看到兔子尾巴拖出痕迹想到改良笔的新主意（对应e）→②他回家后把兔毛绑在棍子上尝试书写（对应b）→③兔毛太顺滑不好用，他把这个半成品扔进院子的石洞里（对应d）→④几轮雨天过后，石洞里的特殊水分解洗掉了兔毛上的油脂（对应c）→⑤改良后的毛笔可以在丝绸上流畅书写（对应a），完整顺序为e-b-d-c-a，对应选项A。
36. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段"Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture."可知学生学习使用毛笔就能更好地理解中国文化，B选项发明新事物、C选项用动物毛做笔、D选项种更多竹子均不符合原文内容，因此选A。
37. 主旨大意题：全文讲述蒙恬改良毛笔遇到多次失败却始终没有放弃、不断尝试最终成功的故事，核心传递的道理是要坚持尝试、永不放弃，A选项向动物学习、B选项珍惜美好回忆、C选项三思而后行均不是文章核心表达的主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，事件排序，主旨大意判断
【点评】
本题选取和中国传统文房四宝相关的记叙文，既考察学生的阅读理解信息提取能力，也能让学生了解毛笔改良的相关历史故事，传递坚持不放弃的正向价值观，题型设置常规，没有偏题怪题，适合巩固基础阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
