阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）

Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas and truth (事实). There's one person in China who is called the "teacher of teachers". 1..
Born in Anhui Province, China, in 1891, Tao studied educational philosophy abroad. When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of "Education is life itself" to "Life is education". 2..
Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve mass education (大众教育).
After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn't know how to read or write. 3.. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside.
4.. Many young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao's guidance, over 18,000 "little teachers" were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even during the war against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in Chongqing and offered free education to poor children.
Maybe Tao's motto is the best explanation for his life, 5..
(原创题素材来源: http://sidastudy.com)

A.He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator
B.There are many famous educators in China
C.In January 1934, he started the "Little Teacher" movement
D.Similarly, instead of "school as society", he saw it as "society as school"
E."Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass"
F. To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working

◇阅读理解
本文为记叙文，介绍了著名教育家——陶行知先生。
1.A。根据上文 There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”.可知，空处句子应该是来说明这个“老师的老师”具体是谁。A 项“他就是中国教育家——陶行知”符合语境。故选A。
2.D。根据上文 he did not blindly follow western education … to “Life is education”.可知，陶行知没有盲目从西方的教育方法和理论，而是根据中国国情将“教育即生活”转换为“生活即教育”，由此可知空处也应该是其对教育方法和理论的改进。D 项“同样地，他认为‘社会即学校’，而不是‘学校即社会’”符合语境。故选D。
3.F。根据上文 After doing surveys … didn’t know how to read or write.可知，通过调查，陶行知发现了中国城市 70%以上的人不会读和写的问题。空处应该说明如何解决问题。F 项“为了解决这个问题，陶行知组织年轻工人和农民边工作边学习”符合语境。故选F。
4.C。根据下文 Many young students … a key nationwide education movement.可知，这里提到了“little teachers”以及“movement”，空处句子应该与这两个概念有关。C 项“1934 年 1 月，他发起了‘小先生’运动”符合语境。故选C。
5.E。根据空前 Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life 可知，空处应该具体说明陶行知的座右铭是什么。E 项“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”符合语境。故选E。

翻译:
阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）
教师常被视为人类灵魂的工程师。人们期望他们传播知识、思想和真理。在中国，有一个人被称为“教师的教师”。1. 他就是陶行知，一位中国教育家。
陶行知1891年出生于中国安徽省，曾在国外学习教育哲学。1917年陶行知回到中国，开始了自己的教育生涯，他没有盲目追随西方的教育方法或理论。事实上，他把“教育即生活”这句话改成了“生活即教育”。2. 同样地，他没有把“学校即社会”看作“学校即社会”，而是把它看作“社会即学校”。
除了发展教育方法，陶行知还尽力改善大众教育。
1921年，陶行知在北京、天津和上海做了调查后，惊讶地发现，在中国，城市中超过70%的人不识字。3. 为了解决这个问题，陶行知组织青年工人和农民边工作边学习。为了解决教师和资金短缺的问题，1927年，陶行知在南京创办了晓庄师范学院，培养教师和教育工作者，他们中的大多数人成为了农村学校的教师。
4. 1934年1月，他发起了“小先生”运动。许多年轻学生被鼓励去当别人的老师，甚至是比自己年长的人的老师。在陶行知的指导下，10个月内上海就有超过18000名“小先生”被邀请。后来，它涵盖了28个省市，成为全国性的重点教育运动。即使在抗日战争期间，陶行知也从未忘记自己的梦想。他在重庆创办了一所中学，为贫困儿童提供免费教育。
也许陶行知的座右铭是对他一生最好的诠释，5. “捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”。