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B
About 2,400 years ago in ancient Greece, Aristotle was born. It was a period when the Greeks highly respected great thinkers and teachers, such as Pythagoras, Socrates, Democritus and Plato. Many historians agree that Aristotle is the greatest one among them.
Aristotle is called "the father of biology". Many of his discoveries are still considered correct today. For example, Aristotle was the first one who found out dolphins are not fish through close observation, that they give birth to their babies rather than laying eggs, and that mother dolphins feed milk to their young.
Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science. He placed the animals into two groups: those with blood and those without. Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In 1758, a Swedish scientist discovered a new way of grouping animals. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Professor Nardo wrote, "Although Aristotle paid much attention to the importance of evidence, he failed to realize that doing experiments is almost always the best method of finding it. Yet, when he did simple and basic experiments, Aristotle was able to make mostly correct conclusions."
He also wrote, "Aristotle's influence on the future growth of knowledge was both negative and positive..." For example, Aristotle believed that the planets went around the Earth, not the Sun. Because the later scientists believed in him blindly, their progress in astronomy was "stopped". However, he added that many of Aristotle's ideas "brilliantly provided directions for modern discoveries".
(
A. His way of grouping animals.
B. Realizing the importance of evidence.
C. Discovering that dolphins are not fish.
D. Finding out that mother dolphins feed milk to their young.
(
A. Truly. B. Nearly. C. Directly. D. Commonly.
(
A. Aristotle was the first to use experiments to prove his ideas.
B. Scientists in ancient Greece never conducted experiments.
C. Aristotle's thoughts have greatly affected science's development.
D. The modern way of grouping animals has nothing to do with Aristotle's.
(
A. the life story of Aristotle
B. how Aristotle did his experiments
C. why Aristotle was respected by the Greeks
D. Aristotle's great achievements and influence in different fields
About 2,400 years ago in ancient Greece, Aristotle was born. It was a period when the Greeks highly respected great thinkers and teachers, such as Pythagoras, Socrates, Democritus and Plato. Many historians agree that Aristotle is the greatest one among them.
Aristotle is called "the father of biology". Many of his discoveries are still considered correct today. For example, Aristotle was the first one who found out dolphins are not fish through close observation, that they give birth to their babies rather than laying eggs, and that mother dolphins feed milk to their young.
Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science. He placed the animals into two groups: those with blood and those without. Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In 1758, a Swedish scientist discovered a new way of grouping animals. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Professor Nardo wrote, "Although Aristotle paid much attention to the importance of evidence, he failed to realize that doing experiments is almost always the best method of finding it. Yet, when he did simple and basic experiments, Aristotle was able to make mostly correct conclusions."
He also wrote, "Aristotle's influence on the future growth of knowledge was both negative and positive..." For example, Aristotle believed that the planets went around the Earth, not the Sun. Because the later scientists believed in him blindly, their progress in astronomy was "stopped". However, he added that many of Aristotle's ideas "brilliantly provided directions for modern discoveries".
(
A
) 6. What was Aristotle's most important achievement in biological science?A. His way of grouping animals.
B. Realizing the importance of evidence.
C. Discovering that dolphins are not fish.
D. Finding out that mother dolphins feed milk to their young.
(
B
) 7. What does the underlined word "approximately" in paragraph 3 mean?A. Truly. B. Nearly. C. Directly. D. Commonly.
(
C
) 8. What can we learn from this passage?A. Aristotle was the first to use experiments to prove his ideas.
B. Scientists in ancient Greece never conducted experiments.
C. Aristotle's thoughts have greatly affected science's development.
D. The modern way of grouping animals has nothing to do with Aristotle's.
(
D
) 9. The author mainly wants to tell us ______.A. the life story of Aristotle
B. how Aristotle did his experiments
C. why Aristotle was respected by the Greeks
D. Aristotle's great achievements and influence in different fields
答案
【解析】：
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章内容的理解和分析能力，以及对词汇和细节信息的把握。题目来源于英语九年级译林版全一册的阅读章节，关于伟大人物Aristotle的介绍。
对于第6题，需要定位到文章第三段第一句"Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science."，通过理解这句话，可以确定答案。
第7题是词义猜测题，需要联系上下文理解"approximately"的含义。根据文章第三段，"Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates."，通过对比可以理解"approximately"意为"几乎，近似"。
第8题是推理判断题，需要根据文章内容推断出正确的结论。文章提到Aristotle的思想对科学的发展产生了深远影响，既有积极的一面也有消极的一面，因此可以推断出答案。
第9题是主旨大意题，需要理解文章的中心思想。文章主要介绍了Aristotle在不同领域的伟大成就和影响，因此可以确定答案。
【答案】：
6. A。根据文章第三段第一句"Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science."，可知Aristotle在生物学上最重要的成就是他的动物分类方式，故选A。
7. B。根据文章第三段，"Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates."，可知"approximately"意为"几乎，近似"，故选B。
8. C。根据文章最后一段，"Aristotle's influence on the future growth of knowledge was both negative and positive..."，可知Aristotle的思想对科学的发展产生了深远影响，故选C。
9. D。文章主要介绍了Aristotle在不同领域的伟大成就和影响，故选D。
这是一道英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生对文章内容的理解和分析能力，以及对词汇和细节信息的把握。题目来源于英语九年级译林版全一册的阅读章节，关于伟大人物Aristotle的介绍。
对于第6题，需要定位到文章第三段第一句"Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science."，通过理解这句话，可以确定答案。
第7题是词义猜测题，需要联系上下文理解"approximately"的含义。根据文章第三段，"Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates."，通过对比可以理解"approximately"意为"几乎，近似"。
第8题是推理判断题，需要根据文章内容推断出正确的结论。文章提到Aristotle的思想对科学的发展产生了深远影响，既有积极的一面也有消极的一面，因此可以推断出答案。
第9题是主旨大意题，需要理解文章的中心思想。文章主要介绍了Aristotle在不同领域的伟大成就和影响，因此可以确定答案。
【答案】：
6. A。根据文章第三段第一句"Aristotle's way of grouping animals may have been his most important achievement in biological science."，可知Aristotle在生物学上最重要的成就是他的动物分类方式，故选A。
7. B。根据文章第三段，"Experts used his system for over 2,000 years. In fact, Aristotle's way of grouping, though a little bit different, was approximately the same as the modern grouping system of vertebrates and invertebrates."，可知"approximately"意为"几乎，近似"，故选B。
8. C。根据文章最后一段，"Aristotle's influence on the future growth of knowledge was both negative and positive..."，可知Aristotle的思想对科学的发展产生了深远影响，故选C。
9. D。文章主要介绍了Aristotle在不同领域的伟大成就和影响，故选D。
解析
翻译:
B
大约2400年前的古希腊，亚里士多德出生了。那是一个希腊人高度尊崇伟大思想家和教师的时期，比如毕达哥拉斯、苏格拉底、德谟克利特和柏拉图。许多历史学家都认为亚里士多德是他们之中最伟大的一位。
亚里士多德被称为“生物学之父”。他的许多发现至今仍被认为是正确的。例如，亚里士多德是第一个通过仔细观察发现海豚不是鱼的人，他发现海豚是胎生而非卵生，而且海豚妈妈会给幼崽喂奶。
亚里士多德对动物的分类方法可能是他在生物科学领域最重要的成就。他把动物分为两类：有血的和无血的。专家们使用他的分类体系长达2000多年。1758年，一位瑞典科学家发现了一种新的动物分类方法。事实上，亚里士多德的分类方法，尽管有一点不同，但和现代脊椎动物与无脊椎动物的分类体系几乎是一样的。
纳尔多教授写道：“尽管亚里士多德非常重视证据的重要性，但他没有意识到做实验几乎总是找到证据的最佳方法。然而，当亚里士多德做简单基础的实验时，他能够得出大部分正确的结论。”
他还写道：“亚里士多德对未来知识发展的影响既有消极的一面，也有积极的一面……”例如，亚里士多德认为行星围绕地球而非太阳运转。因为后来的科学家盲目地相信他，他们在天文学上的进步就“停滞”了。然而，他补充说，亚里士多德的许多观点“出色地为现代发现指明了方向”。
（ ）6. 亚里士多德在生物科学领域最重要的成就是什么？
A. 他对动物的分类方法。
B. 意识到证据的重要性。
C. 发现海豚不是鱼。
D. 发现海豚妈妈给幼崽喂奶。
（ ）7. 第三段中划线单词“approximately”是什么意思？
A. 真正地。B. 几乎。C. 直接地。D. 通常地。
（ ）8. 我们从这篇文章中能了解到什么？
A. 亚里士多德是第一个用实验来证明自己观点的人。
B. 古希腊的科学家从不做实验。
C. 亚里士多德的思想极大地影响了科学的发展。
D. 现代动物分类方法和亚里士多德的分类方法毫无关系。
（ ）9. 作者主要想告诉我们______。
A. 亚里士多德的生平故事
B. 亚里士多德是如何做实验的
C. 为什么亚里士多德受到希腊人的尊崇
D. 亚里士多德在不同领域的伟大成就和影响
B
大约2400年前的古希腊，亚里士多德出生了。那是一个希腊人高度尊崇伟大思想家和教师的时期，比如毕达哥拉斯、苏格拉底、德谟克利特和柏拉图。许多历史学家都认为亚里士多德是他们之中最伟大的一位。
亚里士多德被称为“生物学之父”。他的许多发现至今仍被认为是正确的。例如，亚里士多德是第一个通过仔细观察发现海豚不是鱼的人，他发现海豚是胎生而非卵生，而且海豚妈妈会给幼崽喂奶。
亚里士多德对动物的分类方法可能是他在生物科学领域最重要的成就。他把动物分为两类：有血的和无血的。专家们使用他的分类体系长达2000多年。1758年，一位瑞典科学家发现了一种新的动物分类方法。事实上，亚里士多德的分类方法，尽管有一点不同，但和现代脊椎动物与无脊椎动物的分类体系几乎是一样的。
纳尔多教授写道：“尽管亚里士多德非常重视证据的重要性，但他没有意识到做实验几乎总是找到证据的最佳方法。然而，当亚里士多德做简单基础的实验时，他能够得出大部分正确的结论。”
他还写道：“亚里士多德对未来知识发展的影响既有消极的一面，也有积极的一面……”例如，亚里士多德认为行星围绕地球而非太阳运转。因为后来的科学家盲目地相信他，他们在天文学上的进步就“停滞”了。然而，他补充说，亚里士多德的许多观点“出色地为现代发现指明了方向”。
（ ）6. 亚里士多德在生物科学领域最重要的成就是什么？
A. 他对动物的分类方法。
B. 意识到证据的重要性。
C. 发现海豚不是鱼。
D. 发现海豚妈妈给幼崽喂奶。
（ ）7. 第三段中划线单词“approximately”是什么意思？
A. 真正地。B. 几乎。C. 直接地。D. 通常地。
（ ）8. 我们从这篇文章中能了解到什么？
A. 亚里士多德是第一个用实验来证明自己观点的人。
B. 古希腊的科学家从不做实验。
C. 亚里士多德的思想极大地影响了科学的发展。
D. 现代动物分类方法和亚里士多德的分类方法毫无关系。
（ ）9. 作者主要想告诉我们______。
A. 亚里士多德的生平故事
B. 亚里士多德是如何做实验的
C. 为什么亚里士多德受到希腊人的尊崇
D. 亚里士多德在不同领域的伟大成就和影响
