B)阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。
Penguins live together, 1 each pair has a little piece of ground of their own. When a penguin wants 2 (walk) through his neighbour's ground, he must ask for permission(许可). If he does not do that, he 3 (have) to fight. Most of the time, penguins live in water. They eat shellfish and look after their children 4 (careful).
All penguins are good parents—the male(雄性的) penguins are among 5 most dedicated fathers in the world. They swim in the dark Antarctic water. They choose their wives 6 the dark. They can only hear them—not see them. Then the female penguins lay their eggs and will be away for about two 7 (month). The male penguins take care of the eggs. If the eggs get cold, there will be no chicks. The snow falls heavily and the wind blows strongly—sometimes at 150 kilometres an hour. There 8 (be) no food. The male penguins 9 (not move). The male penguins never fight—unless a penguin 10 (leave) a chick alone. They then fight because they all want it. They are strange but wonderful birds.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B)1. but 2. to walk 3. will have 4. carefully 5. the 6. in 7. months 8. is 9. don't move 10. leaves

【分析】
本题为英语短文填空，需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一解题：1. 前句“企鹅群居”与后句“每对有自己的小地盘”为转折关系，需用转折连词；2. 考查固定搭配want to do sth，want后接不定式；3. 此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时；4. 修饰动词短语look after需用副词，形容词careful变副词；5. 形容词最高级most dedicated前需加定冠词；6. 固定短语in the dark表示“在黑暗中”；7. 数词two后接可数名词复数；8. there be句型中，主语food为不可数名词，需用对应be动词；9. 主语penguins为复数，一般现在时否定形式需匹配；10. unless引导的从句中，主语a penguin为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式。
【解析】
1. 前后句为转折逻辑，填连词but；2. 固定搭配want to do sth，填to walk；3. if条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，填will have；4. 副词修饰动词短语，careful变carefully；5. 形容词最高级前加定冠词the，填the；6. 固定短语in the dark，填in；7. two后接名词复数，填months；8. there be句型，food为不可数名词，填is；9. 复数主语的一般现在时否定，填don't move；10. 单数主语的一般现在时动词三单，填leaves。
【答案】
1.but 2.to walk 3.will have 4.carefully 5.the 6.in 7.months 8.is 9.don't move 10.leaves
【知识点】
固定搭配、时态运用、词形变化
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法与词汇运用，涵盖固定搭配、时态、词性转换等核心知识点，需结合语境分析，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。（2025·江苏宿迁·期末）
Do you think of white when someone talks about a polar bear? In fact, the polar bear does not have white fur. It just seems to be white when the sun shines on ice. Polar bears have a very good sense of smell. It helps them find food. In summer, polar bears sleep longer during the daytime, because they are able to find their food more easily at night. Usually, after a meal, polar bears have a short sleep. A polar bear can have 2-3 babies at a time. They live with their mothers until they are about two and a half years old.
However, polar bears will die out soon because of people. There are only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears in the world. Those polar bears left are trying to survive(生存) today. The number of them is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of sea ice—polar bears mostly live in the sea ice, not the land ice. This is happening because of global warming. Besides, they also have to face pollution, hunting and so on.
Some people don't care, but others want to save tigers, fight for giant pandas and save polar bears. Join them and try to make the world a better place for those beautiful and lovely animals.
()1. What do polar bears have?
A. A good sense of touch.
B. A good sense of hearing.
C. A good sense of sight.
D. A good sense of smell.
()2. According to the passage, what problems are polar bears facing?
A. Pollution and global warming.
B. Sleeping and hunting.
C. Food and the loss of land ice.
D. Bad sense of smell and pollution.
()3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Polar bears' fur is white.
B. Polar bears can have more than three babies at a time.
C. Polar bears have a good, happy life.
D. It's easier for polar bears to find food at night in summer.

1. D 【点拨】根据文中“Polar bears have a very good sense of smell.”可知,北极熊拥有灵敏的嗅觉。故选 D。
2. A 【点拨】根据文中“This is happening because of global warming. Besides, they also have to face pollution, hunting and so on.”可知,北极熊面临全球变暖、污染、捕猎等问题。故选 A。
3. D 【点拨】根据文中“In summer, polar bears sleep longer during the daytime, because they are able to find their food more easily at night.”可知,夏天北极熊在夜晚更容易觅食。故选 D。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节理解题，解题思路为：先明确每道题的核心关键词，再回到原文中定位对应信息句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，排除与原文不符的选项，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 题干询问北极熊拥有的特征，定位原文第一段“Polar bears have a very good sense of smell.”，可知北极熊有灵敏的嗅觉，对应选项D；A（触觉）、B（听觉）、C（视觉）原文未提及，故排除，选D。
2. 题干询问北极熊面临的问题，定位原文第二段“This is happening because of global warming. Besides, they also have to face pollution, hunting and so on.”，可知北极熊面临全球变暖、污染、捕猎等问题，选项A包含其中两个核心问题；B（睡觉）、C（陆地冰流失）、D（嗅觉差）均与原文不符，故排除，选A。
3. 题干询问能从文章中获取的信息，定位原文第一段“In summer, polar bears sleep longer during the daytime, because they are able to find their food more easily at night.”，可知夏天北极熊在夜晚更容易觅食，对应选项D；A（毛是白色）原文说明实际不是白色，只是看起来白；B（一次生超过3个宝宝）原文为2-3个；C（生活幸福）原文提及濒临灭绝，均错误，故排除，选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题为科普类英语阅读理解，围绕北极熊的生活习性与生存现状展开，主要考查学生对文章细节信息的定位和辨析能力，题目设置基础，只要认真阅读原文、找准对应句即可作答，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6