一、根据汉语提示写单词,每空一词
1. The ice on the lake is (厚的) enough for us to skate on—we tested it with a stone just now.
2. The rain began to (敲;打) against the window loudly when the storm came, making a loud noise.
3. The little girl has a quick (脾气) and often cries when she doesn't get what she wants.
4. There was no (电力供应) in our neighbourhood last night because of the heavy storm, so we used candles.
5. A strong (龙卷风) passed through the small town yesterday, blowing down several old trees.

1. thick 2. beat 3. temper 4. power 5. tornado

【分析】
解答此类根据汉语提示写单词的题目，需遵循三步思路：一是通读句子理解整体语境；二是分析空格处的语法成分，确定所需单词的词性；三是结合汉语提示匹配对应单词，并验证其是否符合句子结构要求（如动词形式、名词单复数等）。
【解析】
1. 空格处需形容词作表语，汉语提示“厚的”对应形容词thick，符合“冰足够厚可以滑冰”的语境，故填thick。
2. begin to后接动词原形，汉语提示“敲；打”对应动词beat，且beat against是固定搭配表示“（雨）敲打”，故填beat。
3. 形容词quick后需接名词，汉语提示“脾气”对应名词temper，固定短语quick temper意为“急性子”，符合语境，故填temper。
4. 空格处需名词，汉语提示“电力供应”对应名词power，no power表示“停电”，符合语境，故填power。
5. 空格前有不定冠词a，需用单数名词，汉语提示“龙卷风”对应单数名词tornado，符合语境，故填tornado。
【答案】
1. thick 2. beat 3. temper 4. power 5. tornado
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、固定搭配、词汇语境运用
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇填空题，考查核心词汇的识记与简单语境运用，题型难度低，只要掌握相关基础词汇及固定搭配即可轻松作答，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The news reporter (interview) the mayor about the city's new development plan yesterday.
2. The flag (wave) in the wind as we arrived at the top of the mountain.
3. I slept (sound) last night after finishing all my homework, and I didn't hear the alarm this morning.
4. The little cat likes (hide) under the sofa when there are strangers at home.
5. The government sent medical (supply) to the area hit by the earthquake.

1. interviewed 2. was waving 3. soundly
4. to hide/hiding 5. supplies

【分析】
本题为用所给单词适当形式填空，需结合句子的时间状语、词性要求及固定搭配确定单词的正确形式。解题思路：1. 根据时间标志判断动词时态；2. 分析句子成分确定所需词性；3. 掌握常用动词的时态变化、非谓语用法及名词复数规则。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语为yesterday（昨天），表过去的动作，需用一般过去时，interview的过去式为interviewed，故填interviewed。
2. as引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时（arrived），主句描述过去某时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语the flag为单数，故填was waving。
3. 此处修饰动词slept，需用副词，sound的副词形式为soundly，故填soundly。
4. like后可接不定式（to do）表偶尔喜好，或动名词（doing）表长期喜好，两种形式均正确，故填to hide/hiding。
5. supply表“物资”时常用复数，medical supplies为固定短语，意为“医疗物资”，故填supplies。
【答案】
1. interviewed 2. was waving 3. soundly 4. to hide/hiding 5. supplies
【知识点】
一般过去时；过去进行时；副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法中的动词时态、词性转换及非谓语动词用法，是初中英语核心基础题型，需熟练掌握时态时间标志、副词修饰动词规则、like的非谓语搭配及名词特殊复数形式，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1. 当下大雪的时候你正在做什么？
—What were you doing while it ?
那时我正乘坐火车旅行。
—I on the train then.
2. 台风来袭时你的家人正在做什么？
—What when the typhoon hit?
我和我的孩子们正在一起阅读。
—My children and I together.
3. 当我的邻居打电话来的时候,我的家人正在吃晚饭。
When my neighbour called, my family .
4. 当强风开始刮的时候,我们正在开车回家。
We home when the strong winds .

1. was snowing heavily, was travelling
2. were your family doing, were reading
3. were having dinner 4. were driving, started

【分析】
本题考查过去进行时与一般过去时在时间状语从句中的运用，解题思路：先明确句子时间背景为过去；再区分while与when引导时间状语从句的时态规则：while引导的从句表过去某段时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（结构：was/were + 动词现在分词）；when引导的从句表过去某时间点发生的动作，用一般过去时（结构：动词过去式）；主句若表过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，同时注意主语单复数对应be动词形式。
【解析】
1. while引导的从句“当下大雪的时候”，主语为it，用过去进行时，“大雪”译为snow heavily，故填was snowing heavily；主句“我正乘坐火车旅行”，主语为I，过去进行时结构为was + travelling，故填was travelling。
2. 问句主语your family指“家人”，表复数，过去进行时特殊疑问句结构为were + 主语 + doing，故填were your family doing；答句主语my children and I为复数，过去进行时“阅读”译为were reading，故填were reading。
3. 主句主语my family指“家人”，表复数，过去进行时“吃晚饭”译为were having dinner，故填were having dinner。
4. 主句主语we，过去进行时“开车”译为were driving；when引导的从句“开始刮”用一般过去时，start的过去式为started，故填were driving, started。
【答案】
1. was snowing heavily, was travelling
2. were your family doing, were reading
3. were having dinner
4. were driving, started
【知识点】
过去进行时、一般过去时、时间状语从句
【点评】
本题聚焦初中英语核心时态的基础运用，需掌握while与when引导时间状语从句的时态搭配规则，注意集合名词family作“家人”讲时表复数、be动词用were，是高频基础考点，需熟练掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、阅读理解
Twice a month, Nona Avery sits down, picks up her pen and writes a letter to her best friend. The British woman has been doing it for about 80 years.
The hobby started in 1942. Nona, then 12 years old, was reading a magazine. Some ads in the magazine were asking for pen pals. One of them caught Nona's eye. It was from Alice Powers. She lived in America and was also 12 years old. "I was very excited," Nona said. "I sat down immediately, wrote a letter, put it in an envelope—together with a picture of myself—and posted it."
Nona spent every day waiting for the postman. Two weeks later—which felt like a lifetime—a reply dropped through the letterbox. "I was overjoyed," Nona said. "There was a letter and a picture of my new friend!" They kept writing. The two found that they had a lot in common. They liked the same books and the same films.
However, both Nona and Alice were too poor to afford a plane ticket. They didn't meet until 1987. "I was excited to see the person I had been writing to for over forty years," Nona said.
Nona and Alice are very old now, but they are still writing to each other. And they still write by hand. "Writing is much more intimate(亲密的), so why shall we change the habit of a lifetime?" Nona said.
()1. When did Nona Avery and Alice Powers become pen pals?
A. In 1987.
B. Twelve years ago.
C. Forty years ago.
D. When Nona was 12 years old.
()2. Where did Nona first see Alice's information?
A. On TV.
B. In a magazine.
C. On a website.
D. In a newspaper.
()3. The underlined word "overjoyed" in the passage probably means "".
A. very angry
B. very happy
C. very worried
D. very interested
()4. According to the article, what did Nona and Alice have in common?
①They liked the same films.
②They were of the same age.
③They liked the same books.
④They liked the same movie stars.
A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④

1－4. DBBA

【分析】
做阅读理解题时，需先明确每个问题的考查类型（细节理解、词义猜测等），再带着问题回到原文定位对应信息，结合上下文语境分析选项，逐一排除错误答案得出正确结果。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“The hobby started in 1942. Nona, then 12 years old... One of them caught Nona's eye. It was from Alice Powers... I sat down immediately, wrote a letter...”可知，Nona在12岁时就和Alice成为笔友，对应选项D。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Nona, then 12 years old, was reading a magazine. Some ads in the magazine were asking for pen pals. One of them caught Nona's eye. It was from Alice Powers...”可知，Nona是在杂志上看到Alice的信息，对应选项B。
3. 词义猜测题：根据原文第三段“Two weeks later... a reply dropped through the letterbox. 'I was overjoyed,' Nona said. 'There was a letter and a picture of my new friend!'”可知，Nona等了很久收到回信和朋友的东西，心情是非常开心的，overjoyed意为“非常高兴的”，对应选项B。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“...also 12 years old”（②同岁）、第三段“They liked the same books and the same films”（①喜欢相同电影、③喜欢相同书籍），可知共同之处是①②③，对应选项A。
【答案】
DBBA
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）、词义猜测题
【点评】
本篇阅读理解以基础细节题和词义猜测题为主，重点考查学生快速定位原文关键信息及结合语境推测词义的能力，文本贴近生活，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固阅读理解基础技能。
【难度系数】
0.7